1. Mobile Wireless Sensor Network (mWSN) at Nokia
Jian Ma
Nokia Research Center, China
Thanks also to Canfeng Chen
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2. Emerging applications of WSN
Many critical issues facing science, government, and the society call for high-fidelity and real-time observations and manipulations of the physical world
Within the next few years, distributed sensing and computing will be everywhere, i.e., homes, offices, factories, automobiles, shopping centers, super-markets, farms, forests, rivers, lakes, mobile phone, and even body.
Some of the immediate commercial applications of WSN are
Industrial automation (process control)
Environmental (ecology system monitoring)
Defense (unattended sensors, real-time monitoring)
Utilities (automated meter reading),
Weather prediction (temperature, humidity)
Security (smart building, tracking, car theft detecting)
Building automation (HVAC controllers).
Disaster relief operations (earthquake, firefighting)
Medical monitoring and instrumentation (remote sensing and health care)
Intelligent transportation (unmanned driving)
HVAC: Heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning
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3. WSN System Model
Emergence of Application-Driven (not Application-Specific) Common System Model
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4. Research Challenges of WSN
Numerous unattended and resource-constrained sensors, deployed at high density in regions requiring surveillance and monitoring. Network topology is unknown due to unexpected node failures.
Sensors are memory as well as energy constrained, and power consumption in WSN can be divided into three domains: Communication, Data Processing, and Sensing
Tradeoff between energy and QoS
Prolong network lifetime by sacrificing application requirements, such as delay, throughput, reliability, data fidelity,…
Emerging new applications results diversity of small sensor networks
Mobility and Heterogeneity are being re-considered
Connectivity and Scalability
Cluster and Overlay
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5. Why mobile WSN Connecting small world networks
Convergence of diversity WSNs – global WSN services
Pervasive / ubiquitous computing: user centric, Invisible, Transparent, Embedded, Mobile, Everywhere
Popularity of multi-Radio mobile terminals
Multi-mode mobile terminal such as WiFi-UMTS, WiMax/WiBro-UMTS, Bluetooth-UMTS, Zigbee-UMTS integrated mobile phones, PDAs, smart phones, etc
Deployment of sensors in mobile phones and mobile commerce
Various sensors in mobile phones
E-Wallet, Smart Card, RFID, NFC
Mobility-aware and location-based services
GPS and Cellular Positioning for location-aware computing
Need for customized services
Profit opportunity of serving sudden impulses and customized needs of customers at various moments
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6. mWSN Architecture
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7. Mobile networks /Internet
Overlay structure
Mobile networks /Internet
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8. Key features of MWSN: Heterogeneity and Mobility
Heterogeneity: radio, computing, energy, type, …
Radio link heterogeneity leads to hierarchy/overlay, more scalable
Energy heterogeneity suggests routing optimization, not shortest-path-first
Computing heterogeneity partitions whole network to different roles
Actor/Actuator nodes with decision unit
Provide greater functionality than sensor nodes: make decisions and perform actions
Example: WSAN – feedback closed loop
Mobile phones have multiple radios, and will become powerful computing devices besides communication devices
Mobility: information mining on-the-fly
One mobile sink equals virtually multiple sinks
Example: Networked Info-Mechanical Systems (NIMS)
Reduce path length, energy consumption, energy dissipation non-uniformity
Enhance coverage, connectivity, and relocability
Realize adaptive resource provision and fidelity-driven sampling
Mobile phones can gather and process information on-the-fly, realizing interactions with ambient intelligence
Static Sensor nodes spatially distributed
Limited energy and sampling rate
Simultaneous sampling (dense in time, but possibly sparse in space)
Nodes with mobility
Allows dense sampling (dense spatially, but possibly sparse in time)
Goal is to have statistical information over entire study region with quality similar to high resolution sampling, without applying high resolution to entire region
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9. Summary
Emerging of Multi-Radio mobile terminals builds gateway for people to access any WSN services
Multi-Radio heterogeneity in wireless networks can be leveraged to connect small world networks
Introduction of mobile sink can reduce path length and energy dissipation non-uniformity
Sensor mobility can be exploited to compensate for the lack of sensors or sensor failures and improve network coverage
mWSN enables innovative ubiquitous applications
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10. Thank you
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