1. Josef Vojtěch Lada Altmannová, Miloslav Hůla, Jan Radil Stanislav Šíma, Pavel Škoda www.cesnet.cz R&E Network in the Czech Republic Single Fibre Bidirectional Transmission czechlight.cesnet.cz vojtech (zavináč) cesnet (tečka) cz

2. 7. dubna, 2011 WDM Systems Summit 2011 2 Authors participate on following projects: Large infrastructure CESNET (www.cesnet.cz),www.cesnet.cz GÉANT, GN3 ( www.geant.net ), www.geant.net Presented content don’t necessarily represent an official opinion of mentioned institutions and projects R&E Network in the Czech Republic Single Fibre Bidirectional Transmission

3. 7. dubna, 2011 WDM Systems Summit 2011 3 Outline CESNET introduction Concepts used CESNET2, used DWDM Single fibre transmission Open WDM – CL family New concepts Photonic services Real-time services Acknowledgement Q&A R&E Network in the Czech Republic Single Fibre Bidirectional Transmission

4. 7. dubna, 2011 WDM Systems Summit 2011 4 R&E Network in the Czech Republic CESNET CESNET - Czech Educational and Scientific NETwork Established 1996 as non-profit organisation, association of legal entities Public universities and Academy of sciences It operates: National research and educational network – CESNET2 Experimental facility – CzechLight

5. 7. dubna, 2011 WDM Systems Summit 2011 5 Dark Fibers (DF), since 1999 Nothing in Line approach (NIL), since 2002 Single fibre bidirectional transmission, since 2002 Cross Border Fibres (CBF), since 2003 Open transmission system, since 2004 R&E Network in the Czech Republic Concepts Used

6. 7. dubna, 2011 WDM Systems Summit 2011 6 CESNET 1999 – 2007 R&E Network in the Czech Republic CESNET2 Development 2000 20022004 2005 2007

7. 7. dubna, 2011 WDM Systems Summit 2011 7 R&E Network in the Czech Republic CESNET2

8. 7. dubna, 2011 WDM Systems Summit 2011 8 DWDM transmission sytems Proprietary (commercial) system, since 2004 Open system – CL family, since 2005 Single fibre, open system, since 2008 R&E Network in the Czech Republic DWDM in CESNET2

9. 7. dubna, 2011 WDM Systems Summit 2011 9 R&E Network in the Czech Republic DWDM in CESNET2 Transmission layer – coexistence and interoperability of proprietary and open DWDM system Proprietary DWDM – 1410km of dark fibre Open DWDM system – 2660km of dark fibre Including 905km single fibre lines with bidirectional DWDM transmission

10. 7. dubna, 2011 WDM Systems Summit 2011 10 R&E Network in the Czech Republic Single Fibre Transmission + Price of single fibre leasing is about 60% of fibres pair + Second fibre to be added (and paid) once it is truly necessarry + Can solve lack of fibres on some lines + Works fine with WDM, excellently with Open WDM http://www.cesnet.cz/doc/tisk/2011/tz110317.html + Tested in EF and CESNET2 + Available also as a lit fibre service Our providers of lit fibre services  ČD-Telematika, a.s.  Tűrk Telecom (Pantel International CZ s.r.o.)  Sloane Park Property Trust a.s. CESNET licences for Open WDM - CL family equipment obtained by RLC Praha a.s. and Optokon Co., Ltd, spol. s r.o. CESNET licences are available for others

11. 7. dubna, 2011 WDM Systems Summit 2011 11 Photonic services Fibre sharing http://www.ces.net/netreport/CESNET2_IP_MPLS_backbone_utilization/Plzen%20-%3E%20Cheb/index.html R&E Network in the Czech Republic

12. 7. dubna, 2011 WDM Systems Summit 2011 12 R&E Network in the Czech Republic Open WDM Devices in Operation CESNET2 and CBFsNumber of CLALength (km) 20 lines including412 660 8 single fibre lines 16 CLA + 2 x CL ROADM905 3 fibre pair of CBF7521 CESNET EFNumber of CL devicesLength (km) 3 lines 8 x CLA + 2 x CL VMUX760

13. Multicast on Demand Fibre Switches CLS/M 8x8 and16x16 - Switching, multicasting or monitoring applications with variable ratios R&E Network in the Czech Republic Open WDM + Latest Development 1 16 1 INOUT TX 4k TX 8k RX 4k RX 8k 50% 33% Amplification: CLA, CLR CD compensation: CLC Fibre switching, without or with multicast: CLS, CLM Lambda switching: VMUX, ROADM 1 16 1 INOUT TX 4k TX 8k RX 4k OSNR RX 8k OSNR Res CD 90% 5% 90% 5%

14. R&E Network in the Czech Republic Latest Development Traditional Necessary Dynamic spectra allocation: CL DS-WSS 50 GHz grid is standard (80 channels on C band), but it is difficult or impossible to fit there some 40 Gbps channels (NRZ, DPSK,…) 100 Gbps channels need complicated modulation format e.g. DP-DQPSK, it means more complicated, expensive and power hungry TX and RX 400G or 1T channels – very complicated TX and RX, not possible to work over 50 GHz grid, different modulations and bandwidth for metro and long haul CL Colourless ROADM, degree 4 Expandable up to 8 directions Touchless lambda provissionng, each lambda can be routed in any direction 1T LH1T metro100G

15. 7. dubna, 2011 WDM Systems Summit 2011 15 R&E Network in the Czech Republic New Concepts – Fibre Sharing Sharing of fibre pair by more transmission systems: Long haul fibres are expensive No free pairs available Division in space – e.g. two 1 fibre bidirectional systems Division in spectrum Band based - e.g. C/L band Sub-band based – odd/even channels or red/blue sub-band To be solved: transparent all-optical wavelength conversion to minimize blocking probability

16. 7. dubna, 2011 WDM Systems Summit 2011 16 R&E Network in the Czech Republic New concepts – Photonic Services CESNET suggested Photonic services in future GEANT network To allow non-data transmissions To support „real time“ applications Transparency (partial) – for future development Low and fixed latency – propagation only

17. 7. dubna, 2011 WDM Systems Summit 2011 17 R&E Network in the Czech Republic Photonic Services - Demonstration Experiment „Highly accurate time transfer“ comparison of atomic clock scales between Prague and Vienna (distance about 520 km). Accuracy under 1 nanosecond was achieved (1 ns corresponds to 30 cm light path in vacuum or about 20 cm in fibre)‏. Involved national time and frequency labs in Prague and Vienna: IPE (Institute of Photonics and Electronics of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic) and BEV (Bundesamt für Eich- und Vermessungswesen), Involved equipment: Open DWDM systems Press release “A new method of accurate time signal transfer demonstrates the capabilities of all-optical networks” http://www.ces.net/doc/press/2010/pr100401.html http://www.ces.net/doc/press/2010/pr100401.html

18. 7. dubna, 2011 WDM Systems Summit 2011 18 R&E Network in the Czech Republic Photonic Services - Demonstrations Multi-channel low-latency video transmissions for 4K/2K and 3D HD applications in medicine, engineering (CAVE-to-CAVE) and audiovisual processing (http://www.ces.net/project/qosip/hw/mvtp-4k.pdf)http://www.ces.net/project/qosip/hw/mvtp-4k.pdf Surgery demonstration for conference: live broadcast of minimally invasive thyroid surgery, watched by the participants of the Stresovice Spring 2010 – an international medical discussion forum held on 4th March in Prague by the Otorhinolaryngology Clinic of the Third Faculty of Medicine of Charles University in Prague, in collaboration with the Central Military Hospital in Prague, see : http://www.ces.net/doc/press/2010/pr100304.htmlhttp://www.ces.net/doc/press/2010/pr100304.html Remote demonstration of a kidney surgery by robotic instrument (da Vinci robot) from the Masaryk Hospital in Ústí nad Labem to the Prague (about 130 km by fibre). Signal delay along the transmission stream was less than 1 ms, enabling a truly real-time 3D Full HD stereo broadcast, see http://www.ces.net/doc/press/2010/pr100618.html http://www.ces.net/doc/press/2010/pr100618.html

19. 7. dubna, 2011 WDM Systems Summit 2011 19 R&E Network in the Czech Republic Real Time Services, Expected Examples Present network usually support non-real-time services, i.e. no timeliness constraints are defined. For services with a guaranty of real-time constraints, the "best effort" principle is not acceptable. High performance and high speed data transmission need not to be real-time. Real-time has to do with timeliness constraints. Examples: Real time system control in industry and transport, vehicle control Radio frequency over fibre (signals from radio locator, sonar, etc.) Remote instrument control, telescope control HD Videoconferencing and multicast with quality guaranty Real time earthquake monitoring and emergency networks More details: http://www.ces.net/events/2010/cef/p/sima.ppthttp://www.ces.net/events/2010/cef/p/sima.ppt

20. 7. dubna, 2011 WDM Systems Summit 2011 20 R&E Network in the Czech Republic Acknowledgement Jan Gruntorád, Miroslav Karásek, Martin Míchal, Jan Nejman, Václav Novák, Karel Slavíček, Vladimír Smotlacha

21. 7. dubna, 2011 WDM Systems Summit 2011 21 R&E Network in the Czech Republic Thank You for kind attention! Questions? vojtech (zavináč) cesnet (tečka) cz

22. 7. dubna, 2011 WDM Systems Summit 2011 22 [1] Petr Holub, Josef Vojtech, Jan Radil, et. al., „Pure Optical (Photonic) Multicast“, GLIF 2007 Demo, Prague, 2007. [2] Jan Radil, Stanislav Šíma, „ Customized Approaches to Fibre- based E2E Services“, TERENENA 1st E2E Workshop, Amsterdam, 2008. [3] Stanislav Šíma, et. al., „ LTTx: Lightpaths to the application, From GOLEs to dispersed end users “, GLIF 2008 Workshop, Seattle WA, 2008. [4] Josef Vojtěch, Jan Radil, „Transparent all optical switching devices in CESNET“, 25th APAN meeting, Honolulu HI, 2008. [5] Radil J., Vojtěch J., Karásek M., Šíma S.: Dark Fibre Networks and How to Light Them, 4th Quilt Optical Networking Workshop, Fort Lauderdale FL, 2006. R&E Network in the Czech Republic References 1

23. 7. dubna, 2011 WDM Systems Summit 2011 23 [6] www.seefire.org, Deliverables [7] czechligh.cesnet.cz, Publications [8] Global Lambda Integrated Facility, http://www.glif.ishttp://www.glif.is [9] Vojtěch J., „CzechLight and CzechLight amplifiers“. In: 17 th TF- NGN meeting, Zurych, Switzerland, April 2005 R&E Network in the Czech Republic References 2