1. Module 3: CNC Turning Machine

2. Watch the following video

3. Module Objectives
Describe the main parts of the EMCO CNC turning machine.
Operate the EMCO CNC turning machine.
Identify the main reference points on the EMCO CNC turning machine.
Distinguish the main control keys and their functions.
Run the spindle of the Emco machine to a specific speed.
Reference the machine in X and Z.
Select the proper mode to move the tool turret in X and Z.
Set the required tool in the active position.
Decrease/Increase the feed rate in a specific percentage.

4. Main parts of the Turning (Lathe) machine

5. Main parts of the Turning (Lathe) machine:

6. Main parts of the Turning (Lathe) machine:

7. Points on the CNC Machine

9. Points on the CNC Machine
Machine Zero Point
Work piece Zero Point
Tool Holder Zero Point
Reference Zero Point

10. Machine Zero point
It lies in the rotary axis at the front of the spindle nose. The machine zero point is the origin of the coordinate system. It is set by the manufacturer and cannot be changed.

11. Reference Zero point
The reference point is a fixed point on the machine. It serves for the calibration of the measuring system. The reference point MUST be approached after each switch on of the machine to communicate the exact distance between the points (M) and (N (T)) to the control.

12. Work piece Zero point
The workpiece zero point can be freely programmed by the user. By programming a workpiece zero point, the origin of the coordinate system is displaced from the machine zero point into the workpiece zero point.

13. Tool holding fixture (N):
The tool holding fixture reference point lies on the face of the tool holder (turret) as shown in the illustrated Figure.

14. Switching the Machine ON and OFF

15. To switch the machine ON:
- Open air supply
Switch on the main switch at the E-cabinet
- Turn on the PC
- Launch Control Software
- Open and close the chip guard door once for checking the door safety switch

16. To switch the machine OFF:
- Terminate control software
- Terminate Windows
Switch off main switch
- Lock air supply

17. Main Control Keys

18. Machine control keyboard:
Machine control keyboard of the EMCO PC-Turn Series

19. Machine control keyboard of the EMCO PC-Turn Series
Skip blocks will not be executed

20. Machine control keyboard of the EMCO PC-Turn Series
Test run of programs, in which the program will run while the spindle is not rotating and there is no workpiece in the clamping device.

21. Machine control keyboard of the EMCO PC-Turn Series
Reset

22. Machine control keyboard of the EMCO PC-Turn Series
Stop the program

23. Machine control keyboard of the EMCO PC-Turn Series
Start the program

24. Machine control keyboard of the EMCO PC-Turn Series
Manual axis direction movement

25. Machine control keyboard of the EMCO PC-Turn Series
Approaching the reference point in all axes

26. Machine control keyboard of the EMCO PC-Turn Series
Open / Close door

27. Machine control keyboard of the EMCO PC-Turn Series
Open / Close clamping device

28. Machine control keyboard of the EMCO PC-Turn Series
Swivel tool turret

29. Machine control keyboard of the EMCO PC-Turn Series
Coolant/ Puff Blowing On / Off

30. Machine control keyboard of the EMCO PC-Turn Series
Spindle speed override (increase or decrease the spindle speed)

31. Machine control keyboard of the EMCO PC-Turn Series
Feed override switch (increase or decrease the feed rate)

32. Machine control keyboard of the EMCO PC-Turn Series
Mode selector provides several operating modes : REF, MEM, EDIT, MDI, JOG, and INC mode

33. Machine control keyboard of the EMCO PC-Turn Series
REF: Referencing Manual referencing - Press the –Z or +Z key: the slide traverses to the reference point in Z. - Press the -X or +X key: the slide traverses to the reference point in X.

34. Machine control keyboard of the EMCO PC-Turn Series
REF: Referencing Automatic referencing: - Select REF Mode: - Press the reference key : The slides traverse to the reference point in both axis, one after the other.

35. Machine control keyboard of the EMCO PC-Turn Series
MEM (Memory Mode): To run the program in automatic mode.

36. Machine control keyboard of the EMCO PC-Turn Series
EDIT: Allows the addition, modification, and deletion of programs.

37. Machine control keyboard of the EMCO PC-Turn Series
MDI: (Manual Data Input): Is used when the user wishes to manually input program commands into the system. The programs are typed directly into the system via MDI keypad.

38. To run the spindle at 1000 RPM in clockwise direction
Examples
To run the spindle at 1000 RPM in clockwise direction

39. Example solution
Close the door Select MDI mode Press the [PROG] from function keys Use Data Input Keys to write the following block: S1000 M3 (then press INPUT key) Press Start Press reset to stop the program

40. Example solution Press POS
JOG: In this mode the slides can be moved in one axis at a time by use of the Axis Direction Keys.
INC (Incremental): In this mode the slides can be moved certain distances in micron.

41. Notes
The machine is switched off by means of the main switch. It is recommended to switch off the machine only in inoperative position of the tool turret. Operation is interrupted by means of the reset key. All current machine functions are interrupted with RESET.

42. Function Keys

43. Function Keys
Function Keys enable the user to know the current positions of the tool, deal with programs, make the necessary setting e.g workpiece and tool settings, control program simulation, .… etc.

44. Data Input keys

45. Data input keys
Data input keys runs several functions (numbers, address characters).

46. Machine Practical Tasks
(Before performing these tasks, the tools on the turret should be checked for any expected collision with the chuck)

47. Machine Task 1 Select Reference mode (door closed/Chuck closed)
Reference the machine in X
Reference the machine in Z
Open the door
Close the door
Open / close the chuck
Select “JOG” mode
Increase the feed rate to 110% (Use feed rate override)
Decrease the feed rate to 90%
Move the turret in positive Z

48. Machine Task 1
Check the tools on the turret for any expected collision, then Rotate
the turret to make tool number 5 active.
Decrease the feed rate to 20%
Move the turret in negative Z
Increase the feed rate to 100%
Move the turret in positive Z
Move the turret in negative X
Move the turret in positive X

49. Machine Task 1 Switch coolant (air) ON Switch coolant OFF
Select reference mode
“press automatic referencing button”

50. Machine Task 2

51. Machine Task 2 Select JOG mode Move the turret in positive Z
Adjust the feed rate to 80%
Move the turret in negative Z
Move the turret in positive X
Move the turret in negative X
Select MDI mode (While door is closed)
On (Function Keys), Press “Program”
Use the (The data input keys) to write “S1500 M3” then press “INPUT”

52. Machine Task 2 Press “Start program” Increase the speed to 120%
Decrease the speed to 80%
Set speed to 1000 RPM (100%)
Stop the program (Reset)
Press POS
Select Jog mode
Move the turret in positive Z
Select MDI mode (While door is closed)
On (Function Keys), Press “Program”

53. Machine Task 2
Write T0303, then press INPUT (Check the turret for any possible tool collision with the chuck)
start the program
Stop the program (Reset)
Select tool no.7 to be the active tool, then press “reset”
Press POS.
Select Reference mode
Reference the machine in X
Reference the machine in Z”

54. Practical Tasks on MTS

55. MTS Tasks 1
Use MTS software to create a setup sheet and write a part program to do the finishing part shown below. It is advised to consider the depth of cut = 1 mm, this means the reduction of diameter from 40 to 30 mm will be done through 5 steps of cutting. The diameter will be reduced to 38, 36, 34, 32 and finally to 30 mm).

56. MTS Tasks 1

57. MTS Tasks 2
Use MTS software to create a setup sheet and write a part program to do the finishing part shown below.

58. MTS Tasks 2

59. Don’t forget to solve the homework on PLATO, and on Weebly www
Don’t forget to solve the homework on PLATO, and on Weebly