1. Second Declension: Masculine Nouns/Adjectives Apposition Word Order
Wheelock Chapter III
Second Declension: Masculine Nouns/Adjectives
Apposition
Word Order
Push apposition and adjectives... and base+endings

2. Second Declension
Second Declension is merely a different pattern of endings than First Declension
With regard to gender, second declension nouns can be masculine or neuter
2nd declension masculine nouns typically end in -us
macrons: left shift + right alt +3 and then the vowel

3. Second Declension Masculine
Singular
Plural
Nominative
amīcus
amīcī
the friend(s)
Genitive
amīcōrum
of the friend(s)
Dative
amīcō
amīcīs
to/for the friend(s)
Accusative
amīcum
amīcōs
Ablative
by/with/from the friend(s)
Vocative
amīce
O, friend(s)

4. Masculines ending in -us
Note: 2nd declension masculine nouns ending in -us are the ONLY nouns whose vocative is not identical to its nominative.
Marcus (nominative) --> Marce (vocative)
fīlius --> fīlī, Publius --> Publī
Adjectives will follow the same pattern of endings!

5. 2nd Masculine ending in -er
Some 2nd declension masculine nouns end in -er.
Remember the following:
--the first word listed is always your nominative
--puer, puerī
--go to the genitive to form the base
--ager, agrī

6. Apposition Marcum, amīcum meum, videō.
An appositive is a word or phrase "put near" a noun as an explanatory equivalent
The nice Latin editors usually offset these with commas for your convenience

7. Word Order Latin does not rely on word order as English does.
Typically, your subject is near the beginning, and your verb is at the end. It is crucial for us to pay attention to ENDINGS of words.

8. Quiz What case(s) may be represented by the ending -īs?
Give an example (in English) of an appositive.
Translate virōrum.
Give the vocative form of fīlius, fīliī.
Give the vocative form of puer, puerī.
What would be the base of puer, puerī?

9. Translate Valē, mī amīce. Virōs in agrō videō. Amīcum fīliī meī vidēs.
Fīliō meō nihil datis.
Nihil puerum avarum satiat.
Puella nautam Romanum amat.

10. Translate Dēbētis, amīcī, dē populō Rōmānō cōgitāre. Īra mē habet.
Paucī virī sapientiae student.
Cimōn, vir magnae fāmae, magnam benevolentiam habet.
David, amīcus Hudecī, magnus poeta est.
Fortūna adversa virum magnae sapientiae nōn terret.

11. Horace's Sermōnēs
Agricola et vītam et fortūnam nautae saepe laudat; nauta magnam fortūnam et vītam poētae saepe laudat; et poēta vītam et agrōs agricolae laudat.
Sine philosophiā avārī virī dē pecūniā semper cōgitant. Multam pecūniam habent, sed pecūnia multa virum avārum nōn satiat.

12. Chapter 3 Quiz A B 1. semper 5. fīlius, fīliī 2. hodie 6. vir, virī
3. habeō, habēre…
7. dē (do NOT put “of”)
4. paucī, paucae, pauca
8. populus, populī
9. An amicable person can make a _________ easily.
10. His puerile behavior made him look like a _______.

13. Decline and translate numerus, numerī. Translate (2 points each):
a) Virōs in agrō vidēmus.
b) Nihil puerum avarum satiat.
c) Agricola et vītam et fortūnam nautae
saepe laudat.
d) Marcum, amīcum meum, videt.
e) Valē, amīce!
6th hour: switch d to “puella nautam Romanum amat.”
Bonus: ad nauseam, ad lib, autumnal equinox (6th hour: procrastinate)

14. Chapter 3 Quiz A B 1. semper 5. fīlius, fīliī 2. hodie 6. vir, virī
3. habeō, habēre…
7. dē (do NOT put “of”)
4. paucī, paucae, pauca
8. populus, populī
9. A hodiernal person follows the customs of ________.
10. His puerile behavior made him look like a _______.

15. Decline and translate populus, populī. Translate (2 points each):
a) Virōs in agrō videō.
b) Nihil puerum avarum satiat.
c) Nauta magnam fortūnam et vītam
poētae saepe laudat.
d) Marcum, amīcum meum, videt.
e) Valē, amīce!
6th hour: switch d to “puella nautam Romanum amat.”
Bonus: ad nauseam, ad lib, autumnal equinox (6th hour: procrastinate)