1. Introduction to Plant Reproduction
Introduction to AgriScience and Technology
GHS
Mr. Ham

2. Objective 1.1 Define Propagation
The reproduction of plants either sexually or asexually.

3. Objective 1.2 Define sexual reproduction and the terms associated with it.
The union of the female and male sex cells to produce a seed (embryo).
Ovule: female sex cell.
Pollen: male sex cell.
Embryo (seed-germ): an immature plant.
*Sexual reproduction involves the creation of a genetically new individual.

4. Objective 1.3 List and explain the different types of seeds.
Monocots:
Seeds with one seed leaf.
Leaves have parallel veins.
1 solid seed.
Stem vacular bundles scattered.
Roots are adventitious
Flowers in multiples of three.
Pollen with single furrow or pore

5. Dicots Seeds with 2 seed leaves or 2 cotyledons Veins are “webbed.”
Pollen with three furrows or pores.
Flowers parts in multiples of four or five.
Stem vascular bundles in a ring.

6. Monocots

7. Dicot Leaf

8. Dicot

10. Objective 1.4 List and explain the different types of flowers.
Complete
Incomplete

11. Complete Flowers Sepals The outer part of the flower.
In open flowers, the sepals are found at the base of the plant.

12. Petals The brightly colored, soft tissue that attracts insects.

13. Stamens
The male part of the flower that has an anther at the end of it to produce pollen.

14. Pistil Stigma Style Ovary The opening of the pistil.
The tube-like structure that connects the stigma and ovary.
Ovary
The site of fertilization and growth of the seed.

15. Stigma, Style & Ovary

16. Ovary

17. Complete Flower

18. Complete Flower

19. Incomplete Flower
An incomplete flower is one that lacks one or more of the four principal components identified in a complete flower.

20. Objective 1.5 Explain the difference between a perfect and imperfect flower
A perfect flower is one with both the stamen and pistil
An imperfect flower is one that lacks one of the sex organs.

21. Objective 1.6 Define pollination, fertilization and germination.
The transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma of a flower of the same species.
Fertilization
The union of the pollen and ovule cells.
Germination
The sprouting of a seed.

22. Objective 1.7 Define asexual reproduction
The reproduction of a plant without the uniting of a pollen and ovule.
Asexual reproduction is often referred to as vegetative propagation since no seed is involved in the formation of the new plant.
It is known as a clone.
Leaves, stems or roots may be used to grow a new plant.
*Produces a genetically identical plant.

23. Objective 1.8 List the benefits of vegetative propagation.
True traits of the parents
Maintains genetic purity with
100% replication of parent plant.
No seed
Some plants do not produce a seed or the seeds are too small to work with.
Accelerates the time it takes to get a new plant to the market
Traditionally, it would take up to 40 years to get a new plant to the general public; however, micropropagation can yield marketable levels of plants within 8 to 12 years.

24. Objective 1.9 List and explain the different types of vegetative propagation.
Layering
Involves getting roots to grow from the stem. I.e., magnolia tree
Cutting
Using a short section of plant stems for propagation.
Budding
Taking a bud from one plant and moving it to another.
Grafting
Placing a section of a stem of one plant onto another plant.
Tissue culture
Taking a group of cells or a single cell and growing it to a plant.

25. Layering

26. Cutting

27. Tissue Culture