1. AMNIOCENTESIS

6. Detecting Genetic disorders
Amniocentesis- procedure done to pregnant woman to look at the chromosomes of her unborn child
Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) done earlier
Can detect some genetic disorders It cant cure them it can only detect them
Usually done on a woman with a history of genetic disorders
Or a woman at high risk (over 35)
Do a ultrasound first to detect where the baby is ( fetal cells floating around)
Make a Karyotype from the baby’s cells
Karyotye- picture of the chromosomes of a cell, grouped into pairs
(Microscope) Look for an abnormal number of chromosomes- should have 46 ( stained)

9. KARYOTYPE

11. 23

15. Nondisjunction- is the failure of chromosome pairs to separate properly during meiosis

17. Abnormal Chromosomes Number
Monosomy- only one chromosomes of a usual pair is present ( Mono means one)
Trisomy- 3 copies of a chromosome instead of the usual pair (2) ( tri means 3)
The most common abnormalities detected are 
Down syndrome (trisomy 21), 
Edwards syndrome (trisomy 18),
Turner syndrome (monosomy X). 

18. Down Syndrome

19. Trisomy 18 , Edwards Syndrome

21. Kleinfelter, XXY
XXY Kleinfelters -  human males have an extra X chromosome, infertile, increased breast tissue,

22. Turners Syndrome, X0 YO Lethal- die ( Monosomy Y)
XO Tuners Syndrome- ( monosomy X) physical abnormalities, such as short stature, sterile, webbed neck
YO Lethal- die ( Monosomy Y)

23. Prader- Willie Syndrome

24. Patau, Trisomy 13

25. Superfemale, XXX
XXX Superfemale - Thus, Triple X syndrome most often causes no unusual physical features or medical problems