1. Point-of-Use Water Systems: The Landscape Dr Jo Burgess 2 nd October 2012

2. Physical landscape 2

3. Research landscape 3 Peaks of expertise exist: Durban University of Technology Council for Scientific and Industrial Research University of Venda University of the Western Cape University of Johannesburg Tshwane University of Technology Stellenbosch University Some successes Lots more to do

4. Durban University of Technology 4 Remote Rural Water Treatment System (RRWTS) Simple gravity-driven microfiltration unit Removes suspended solids, colloids and 95% bacteria from raw water, gives a clear permeate which can be easily disinfected Lab prototype small scale manufacture community-based testing in KZN / E Cape borderlands Easy to use…

5. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research 5 Advantages Accompanying hygiene education programme. All-in-one treatment (coag/floc, clarification, filtration, disinfection). Locally manufactured. Some success, fell into disuse

6. University of Venda 6 Evaluation of numerous POU devices (Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Potters for Peace (PfP), etc.) Thorough, multidisciplinary, highly collegial Patel Smart Pot Grand Challenge entry Avoid problems observed with CDC, PfP, etc. designs Better covers, seals, stands. Lid = washing container for filter.

7. University of the Western Cape 7 Environmental chemistry / technology Patel Smart Pot Grand Challenge entry Applying PfP principles to local materials Zeolites & coal fly ash Locally mixed, pressed, dried and fired ceramic filters Impregnated with silver, thus includes disinfection

8. University of Johannesburg 8 Patel Smart Pot Grand Challenge finalist: one of only four worldwide. Water and health research focus; microbiology & molecular biology Backed up by community-based evaluations Thorough, multidisciplinary, highly collegial Developed in collaboration with industrial designer Single container for treatment and storage of water

9. Tshwane University of Technology 9 Comparative evaluation of many types of filters: Ceramic, w & w/out silver Biosand, w & w/out zeolite Clay pots, w & w/out silver Multidisciplinary projects

10. Stellenbosch University 10 Numerous projects: Nano teabag Kleinmond housing - disinfection systems for domestic RWH tanks Multidisciplinary, many collaborations Services Substructure Finishes Roof assembly RWH Tank Superstructure Solar geyser Photo- voltaic panel Filtration cartridge system Physical filtration, sorption, and biocidal action Nanofibre based filter with carbon For immediate use (no storage) Comparison to solar pasteurisation

11. In summary 11 Multidiscplinary work Relevant science does not automatically signify social acceptance Very active, highly collegial researchers Cart before the horse inventions Recontamination of treated water