1. Abis & Ater Optimization

2. Agenda Background Vmux-400/420 features How does it work?
Vmux-4.xx Configurator Tool
Statistics
Interoperability
Applications

3. Optimization Market Needs
Market potential:
1 Billion potential cellular subscribers in GSM rural areas (Nokia Chairman)
Cellular backhaul relies on leased lines, private networks and satellite connections
Backhaul costs reach 40-60% of the operator’s OpEx
2.5G / 3G services and mobile users increase incurs additional network investments (optimized 2G leased lines can be transferred to 3G networks)
Connectivity optimization reduces costs

4. GSM Network Architecture
Interface:
E(PCM)
A(PCM) / Ater*
Abis
Solution:
Vmux-2100/
Gmux-2000
Vmux-2100 / 420*
Vmux-400/420
BTS
BSC
BTS
BTS
BTS
PSTN
BTS
MSC
BSC
BTS
BTS
MSC
BTS
BSC
(1) The Vmux 400 is up to 3 times optimizer for ABIS and ATER backhauls.
(2) For those of you who do not familiar with, lets examine briefly the GSM network architecture.
(3) The BTS is responsible for the RADIO transmission between the mobile unit and the network.
(4) Base station controller that groups BTS’s over wide area.
(5) And the MSC, which is switching element in the GSM network and controls all subscriber’s calls. It connects via TDM links to other MSCs or to PSTN networks. Usually E1/T1 links.
(6) These links bandwidth can be reduced using Vmux 2100.
(7) The other voice links in the GSM network, the ABIS and the A-TER are already transferring compressed voice as part of GSM protocol.
(8) But still, there is what to reduce, and this is where Vmux 400 family enters.
BTS
HLR
VLR
*Depends on the GSM Transcoder location:
if located at MSC  Ater (Vmux-420)
if located at BSC  A Interface (Vmux-2100/Gmux-2000)
BTS – Base Transceiver Station BSC – Base Station Controller (= BSS)
MSC – Mobile Switching Centre HLR & VLR – Home & Visitor Location Registers

5. Optimization and not Compression
BSC
Ater
Abis
Optimized data
BTS
ABIS/ ATER contains:
Compressed voice
Idle channels
Silence within active calls
Signaling + headers [ = overhead]
Data (such as GPRS / EDGE)
Using Advanced silence suppression algorithms

6. Agenda Background Vmux-400/420 features How does it work?
Vmux-4.xx Configurator Tool
Statistics
Interoperability
Applications

7. Vmux-400 – Features
Average Optimization: Up to 3:1 (fractional uplink)
User Input: 1 or 2xE1/T1 (ordering option)
Uplink Interfaces: E1/T1, ETH/IP, Serial (all built-in)
Clocking: Clock is transferred even when using ETH/IP uplink
Power Options: AC/DC
Data compression:
Compresses ~ 10% - 15% more
during peak hours (License is needed)
Point to Multipoint (using bundles)
Voice CODECs
Interoperability with all Major vendors
Tools, such as Bandwidth Calculator, Configurator …
(NEW)

8. Vmux-420 (Beta) – Features
All Vmux-400 features (except Serial Uplink & T1)
User Input: Up to 12xE1 (4, 8, or 12 - ordering option)
Uplink Interfaces: Up to 6xE1 or ETH/IP (all built-in)
Chassis: 1U, 19” wide
Redundancy: full redundancy (Carrier Class Product)
Dry Contact Alarm Relay
TDM trunks aggregation (grooming)
Interoperability between Vmux-400 and Vmux-420

9. Vmux-420 Back Panel
2 Fully redundant Main Modules, in case of H.W malfunction
All ports connected to both Main Modules, supplying FULL redundancy

10. Vmux-400/420 Management User terminal Telnet RV-LITE + SNMP traps
ConfiguRAD

11. Agenda Background Vmux-400/420 features How does it work?
Vmux-4.xx Configurator Tool
Statistics
Interoperability
Applications

12. Operation Optimization process Suppress Idle channels
Suppress traffic when there are Silence frames within active calls*
Remove Signaling HDLC flags (only valid signaling is transferred)
Suppress signaling FISU & LSSU (ATER segment only)
Vmux-400/420
FROM
BSC
(MSC)
Vmux-400/420
ABIS (/ ATER)
Compressed Voice
Optimized Data 1
BTS (/BSC)
Optimization
(* when DTX mode is active in the GSM network)

13. Optimized + Compressed Data
Data Compression
How does it works?
- The data compression unit accumulates information coming from the optimization unit and compresses it. The information is compressed similar to Zip a file in PC
Performance
- Saves about % bandwidth during peak hours.
- Higher performance when there is more Data traffic (GPRS / EDGE - up to 50%)
- There are 2 compression levels: Normal level and High level.
Why “Data”?
- The output from the optimization unit contains data and not voice
- This is non-destructive compression.
Tradeoff for High Packet loss level
- Sensitive to packet loss therefore it is only good for networks with low packet loss.
License dependant
Vmux-400/420
Vmux-400/420
ABIS / ATER
Compressed Voice 1
Optimized + Compressed Data 2
BTS
Optimization
Data
Compression

14. Traffic Types Supported – VOICE
Voice Codecs:
FR (Full Rate)
EFR (Enhanced Full Rate)
AMR (Adaptive Multi-Rate)
HR (Half Rate)
AMR-HR
Vmux-400/420 can automatically detect the GSM sub-channel rate (16kbps or 8kbps)
Up to 24 timeslots
Per Vmux-400 *
* Current H.W. limitation (there is no limitation for the Vmux-420)

15. Traffic Types Supported – DATA
SMS / WAP:
Transferred as part of the signaling channel.
GPRS:
CS* 1,2,3 and 4 transported over timeslots configured for TRAU traffic => BTS can use any TRAU timeslot to transmit GPRS
EDGE:
Transported over timeslots configured for TRANSPARENT.
BTS must use a predefined set of
timeslots for EDGE services
*CS = Code Scheme

16. Clocking over TDM/IP Link
RCV (Uplink)
RCV (Ingress)
TDM\IP
Network
Vmux-400
Vmux-400/420
ADAPTIVE = ENABLE
For IP uplink
ADAPTIVE = ENABLE
For IP uplink
BTS
BSC
(LBT)
(Clk Source)
Clock transferred from BSC to BTS over any transmission network (Adaptive clock recovery mechanism enables to transfer the clock over ETH/IP – unique feature!)

17. Clocking over Satellite IP Link
BSC
BTS
(LBT)
(Clk Source)
Internal
RCV (Ingress)
Vmux-400/OCXO
ADAPTIVE = DISABLE
IP network
Vmux-400/420
OCXO* (ordering option) for highly accurate internal oscillator operating at 2.048Mhz  0.5 ppm (use when IP network jitter is higher than 50 msec)
* Only needed on the BTS side

18. Signaling Rate Detection
Vmux-400/420 can automatically detect the data rate of the signaling channels (16, 32 or 64Kbps)
Before Vmux- 400/420 detects signaling channels rate
After Vmux- 400/420 detects signaling channels rate
Ts# Type Byte Bundle#
Reversal
Dynamic Yes
Dynamic Yes
| Dynamic Yes
v Dynamic Yes
Dynamic Yes
Dynamic Yes
Dynamic Yes
Dynamic Yes
Dynamic Yes
Dynamic Yes
Ts# Type Byte Bundle#
Reversal
Sig Yes
Sig Yes
| Sig Yes
v Dynamic Yes
Dynamic Yes
Dynamic Yes
Dynamic Yes
Dynamic Yes
Dynamic Yes
Dynamic Yes
Available Time Slot Types:
TRAU: GSM Speech
Sig64/Sig32/Sig16: HDLC Signaling, 64/32/16 kbps
Trp64/Trp32/Trp16: Transparent data, 64/32/16 kbps
All set to Dynamic

19. Timeslot Type Detection (Ericsson)
After reboot, the Ericsson BSS changes timeslot assignment for speech and signaling. To support this Vmux-400/420 can automatically detect the timeslot type (speech or signaling).
Before Vmux-400/420 detects timeslots type
After Vmux-400/420 detects timeslots type
Ts# Type Byte Bundle#
Reversal
Dynamic Yes
Dynamic Yes
| Dynamic Yes
v Dynamic Yes
Dynamic Yes
Dynamic Yes
Dynamic Yes
Dynamic Yes
Dynamic Yes
Dynamic Yes
Ts# Type Byte Bundle#
Reversal
Sig Yes
Sig Yes
| Sig Yes
v TRAU Yes
TRAU Yes
TRAU Yes
TRAU Yes
TRAU Yes
Dynamic Yes
Dynamic Yes
Available Time Slot Types:
TRAU: GSM Speech
Sig64/Sig32/Sig16: HDLC Signaling, 64/32/16 kbps
Trp64/Trp32/Trp16: Transparent data, 64/32/16 kbps
All set to Dynamic

20. 1 3 2 Agenda Background Vmux-400/420 features How does it work?
Vmux-4.xx Configurator Tool
Statistics
Interoperability
Applications 1 2 3

21. Vmux-4.xx Configurator Tool: Step 1
Site survey
Configuration
Bandwidth estimation
Configuration Tool
1. Site survey
Collecting information from the mobile operator:
GSM segment: ATER/ ABIS
Vendor
Uplink type: TDM / IP
Timeslot assignment
Downstream DTX (y/n)
Clock transfer

22. Vmux-4.xx Configurator Tool: Step 2
Site survey
Configuration
Bandwidth estimation
Configuration Tool
2. Configuration parameters
Configure device according to the information we got from the survey.

23. EXAMPLE: Alcatel Time Slot Configuration
Site survey
Configuration
Bandwidth estimation
Configuration Tool
BSC/BTS Configuration:
(6 x TRX, 48 GSM speech channels)
Vmux-400 Time Slot Table:
Display Time Slots Configuration
Ts# Type Byte Reversal Bundle#
Yes
Sig Yes
| TRAU Yes
v TRAU Yes
Sig Yes
TRAU Yes
TRAU Yes
TRAU Yes
TRAU Yes
TRAU Yes
Available Time Slot Types:
TRAU: GSM Speech
Sig64/Sig32/Sig16: HDLC Signaling, 64/32/16 kbps
Trp64/Trp32/Trp16: Transparent data, 64/32/16 kbps

24. Vmux-4.xx Configurator Tool: Step 3
Site survey
Configuration
Bandwidth estimation
Configuration Tool
3. Bandwidth considerations
Bandwidth is influenced by the following parameters:
Fixed
Timeslot assignment
Uplink type (IP or TDM)
Using Downstream DTX.
Estimated
Estimated silence within calls
Estimated idle channels

25. Vmux-4.xx Configurator Tool:
Site survey
Configuration
Bandwidth estimation
Configuration Tool
Vmux-400/420 Configuration tool 
Vmux-400 Configuration guide
Try it in workshop
Available at: InfoCenter  Technical Resources

26. Agenda Background Vmux-400/420 features How does it work?
Vmux-4.xx Configurator Tool
Statistics
Interoperability
Applications

27. Statistics
Uplink statistics: TDM/Serial/Ethernet uplink: Evaluate bandwidth on uplink
Signaling statistics: Verify signaling channels are up
TRAU statistics: TRAU traffic analyzing
Bandwidth control statistics: Display calls stopped or discarded
BW utilization statistics: Display enhanced information
on bandwidth consumption

28. Agenda Background Vmux-400/420 features How does it work?
Vmux-4.xx Configurator Tool
Statistics
Interoperability
Applications

29. Vmux-400 Interoperability
Interoperable with all major vendors:
Ericsson, Siemens, Nokia, Alcatel-Lucent, Huawei, Motorola, Nortel, …
Vmux-400/420

30. Agenda Vmux-4.xx Configurator Tool Background Vmux-400/420 features
How does it work?
Vmux-4.xx Configurator Tool
Statistics
Interoperability
Applications

31. GSM Service to Remote / Rural Regions
Remote Site
Central Office
ETH/ IP
Vmux-400 E1
Central site solution is needed
MSC
BSC
ETH/IP
BTS
Vmux-400
E1s E1
Hub
Transceivers
Remote Site E1
Vmux-400
ETH/ IP
Vmux-400 E1
BTS
Connection via satellite, microwave, terrestrial links, flexible interfacing (IP/ETH/SERIAL/E1)
Effective solution where the cellular operator pays for expensive transmission links

32. GSM Service to Remote / Rural Regions
Remote Site
Central Office
ETH/ IP
Vmux-400 E1
MSC
BSC
BTS
Vmux-420
E1s
Hub
Transceivers
Remote Site
ETH/IP
Up to 12 E1
ETH/ IP
Vmux-400 E1
BTS
Connection via satellite, microwave, terrestrial links, flexible interfacing (IP/ETH/SERIAL/E1)
Effective solution where the cellular operator pays for expensive transmission links

33. Summary
RAD offers a full MSC-BSC-BTS cellular backhaul solution
Cost effective voice optimization solution for central and remote sites
Up to 3:1 optimization of Abis/ Ater interface
Up to 10% - 15% saving with Data Compression
Connects over any uplink
Interoperable with all major vendors

34. thank you for your attention Technical Support

35. Supplementary
Slides

36. Vmux-400 Ports Control Port Serial Uplink E1 Uplink (Egress/Output)
 to network
E1 Uplink
(Egress/Output)
 to network
ETH Management
ETH/IP Uplink
(Egress/Output)
 to network
User E1 Ports*
(Ingress/Input)
 from BTS/BSC/MSC
* Ordering Options: 1 or 2 ingress E1 ports

37. Vmux-420 Ports Up to 6 E1 Uplink Control Up to 12 User E1 Ports*
(Egress/Output)
 to network
Control
Port
Up to 12 User E1 Ports*
(Ingress/Input)
 from BTS/BSC/MSC
2 Redundant Power supplies
ETH Management port
Alarm
Relay
ETH/IP Uplink
(Egress/Output)
 to network
* Ordering Options: - 4,8 or 12 Ingress E1 ports
- 2,4 or 6 Egress E1 ports

38. GSM Subchannel Rate Detection
Full Rate (FR): Each voice channel is carried in a 16 kbps sub channel
Half Rate (HR): Each voice channel is carried in a 8 kbps sub channel
Vmux-400/420 can automatically detect the GSM subchannel rate (16 kbps or 8 kbps)

39. Ericsson Time Slot Configuration
BSC/BTS Configuration:
(10.5 x TRX, 84 GSM speech channels)
How to configure Vmux-4.xx according to the timeslots table?
TS1, 21, : Sig64
TS2, 3, 5, 11-20, 24, 29, 31 : TRAU
TS4, 6-10, 22-23, 25-28: : N/C.
Available Time Slot Types:
TRAU: GSM Speech
Sig64/Sig32/Sig16: HDLC Signaling, 64/32/16 kbps
Trp64/Trp32/Trp16: Transparent data, 64/32/16 kbps

40. Statistics: BW Utilization Statistics
Vmux400 / BSC ALRM
Display Total Accumulated
[ < 64 Kbps] ... (236024) [ Kbps] ... (44)
[ Kbps] ... (5) [ Kbps] ... (354)
[ Kbps] ... (314) [ Kbps] ... (233)
[ Kbps] ... (1203) [ Kbps] ... (23)
[ Kbps] ... (3455) [ Kbps] ... (4)
[ Kbps] ... (14563) [ Kbps] ... (0)
[ Kbps] ... (21003) [ Kbps] ... (0)
[ Kbps] ... (13900) [ Kbps] ... (4)
[ Kbps] ... (4231) [ Kbps] ... (0)
[ Kbps] ... (911) [ Kbps] ... (0)
[ Kbps] ... (43) [ Kbps] ... (0)
... (N)
>
Number of seconds accumulated for each bandwidth range

41. Mobile Platforms
MSC
BSC
Vmux-400
Vmux-400
E1s
Serial/
IP/E1
Serial/IP/E1 E1 E1
BTS
Supply service to mobile platforms such as cruise ships

42. Mobile Platforms
MSC
BSC
Vmux-400
Vmux-400
E1s
Serial/
IP/E1
Serial/IP/E1 E1 E1
BTS
Supply service in large and crowded events using trucks

43. Terrestrial Daisy – Chained BTS’s
FE1
BTS
FE1
MSC
BSC
Vmux-400 / 420
Vmux-400
E1s
BTS E1 E1
TDM or IP E1
BTS
DXC
FE1
BTS
FE1
FE1
Requires Drop & Insert capability at the BTS
Suitable when each BTS serves a small area