1. Intermodal, Short Sea Shipping, Floating Ports Initiatives?
UNECE 36th Session on Inland Water Transport
Geneva, Swiss
Jae Wook Lee
ISO / TC8 / SC11, Chairman
Professor, Inha University, Korea

2. Discussion Topics Intermodal, Rivers, Short Sea Shipping
Floating Ports Initiatives

3. World Marine Industry Sector Totals 2005-2010 (€bn)
Source : World Marine Markets, March 2005,
Douglas-Westwood

4. Trade Volume and Transport Routes between EU & NE Asia
TSR
TCR-N
9,778
bil.$
TCR
TCR-M
TCR-S
5,808
bil.$
4,971
bil.$
2,356
bil.$
2003
2010
2003
2010
NE Asia EU

5. Container Trade Volume among C-J-K
unit :10,000 TEU
Container Trade Volume among C-J-K

6.  Needs of SSS System in NE Asia
European short sea shipping has achieved great success for last 15 years to shift cargos from road transport
Road congestion results increase of transport cost & air pollution in Europe
Short Sea Shipping is recognized as best practices for users, operators, regulators and infrastructure providers of C-J-K region

7. Definition Implementation Support Short Sea Shipping Intermodality
Hardware
Ships, Cargo handling systems, Terminals
Software
VTMIS(safety), EDI(Advanced logistics)
Support
A local cooperative forum
Collaboration with market
The Yellow Sea transportation system will be defined as an intermodal short sea shipping network specific to the region.
And implementation of the Yellow Sea transportation system necessitate advances in, among others, the following engineering fields: vessels, cargo handling systems, terminals and software such as Vessel Traffic Management and Information System for safer operation and Electronic data Interchange for advanced logistics.
Support of the system from non-engineering sectors are also vital to the success of the Yellow Sea Transportation system.
A local cooperative forum consists of government, shipping companies and related industries as well as Universities and/or research institute from the countries involved will be necessary. Collaboration with shipping industries will be most crucial to the success of the system.

8. Short Sea Shipping Routes In Yellow Sea Region
To America
TMGR
TMR
TKR
Yantai
KTX JR
TCR
Lianyungang
Ocean Route
SSS Route
Yangtze River
Short Sea Shipping Routes
In Yellow Sea Region EU

9. Yellow Sea
Sea-River Shipping

10. The Yellow Sea transportation system will be defined as an intermodal short sea shipping network specific to the region.
And implementation of the Yellow Sea transportation system necessitate advances in, among others, the following engineering fields: vessels, cargo handling systems, terminals and software such as Vessel Traffic Management and Information System for safer operation and Electronic data Interchange for advanced logistics.
Support of the system from non-engineering sectors are also vital to the success of the Yellow Sea Transportation system.
A local cooperative forum consists of government, shipping companies and related industries as well as Universities and/or research institute from the countries involved will be necessary. Collaboration with shipping industries will be most crucial to the success of the system.

11. Kyung-In Canal Length : 18 km Width : 100 m Depth : 6 m INCHEON SEOUL
Han River
Yellow
Sea
INCHEON
SEOUL

12. Yangtze River Inland Waterway
Chonging 重慶
446 
Fengjie 奉節
538 
92 
Badong 巴東
648 
202 
110 
Yichang 宜昌
1,274 
828 
736 
626 
Wuhan 武漢
1,543 
1,097 
1,005 
895 
269 
Jiujiang 九江
2,007 
1,561 
1,469 
1,359 
733 
464 
Nanjing 南京
2,094 
1,648 
1,556 
1,446 
820 
551 
87 
Zhenjiang 鎭江
2,399 
1,953 
1,861 
1,751 
1,125 
856 
392 
305 
Shanghai 上海
Length : 2,399 km (Shanghai – Chongqing)
Annual Throughput : 430 mil ton (2004)

13. SSS System Terminal Facilities : SSS Support Systems :
Ships objective :
- Sea-river Barge
- Fast Container Carrier
- Train Ferry, etc
Terminal Facilities :
- Cargo handling systems
- Transshipment, etc.
SSS Support Systems :
- SSS Information Networks
- Identification and Location Technologies
for Intermodal Transport
- Customs Clearance
- Container Security Initiatives etc.

14. New or Old Technologies
Ships objective
New or Old Technologies
New: Tri-maran Fast Container Feeder(40kts)
Old: Pusher Barge Fleet
Offshore, larger, sea-going barges are pulled by tugs. . .

15. Fast Container Ship (over 30knots) Barges (less than 10knots)
Fast or Slow Ships
Fast Container Ship (over 30knots)
Barges (less than 10knots)
Vessels such as this high speed ferry are already widely employed on northern European routes. They represent the next generation of short sea shipping in America. These vessels move passengers and cargo quickly and have advanced cargo handling equipment to ensure a quick turnaround time in port.

16. The FLO/FLO Type Barge Carriers
Source: Dockwise (2003)

17. Sea-river Barge carrier in the Yellow Sea -1
A conceptual drawing of sea-river barge carrier for the local delivery along the coastal area of Korean peninsular

18. Source : Prof. Abdel-Maksoud, 2007
Sea-river Barge carrier as an example
Alternative Concept for conventional Container Transshipment
Hinterland
Sea
Sea-river Barge
Container Ship
Reducing number of transshipment steps
Hinterland
Sea
Sea-river Barge
Modern barge carrier
concept
Source : Prof. Abdel-Maksoud, 2007

19. Source : Prof. Abdel-Maksoud, 2007
Loading
Depth Reducing for loading of barge into the under-deck cargo hold
Pumping out water from the ballast tanks to adjust the
height of barge carrier to accommodate the floating barge
into the lower cargo hold
Floating and fixing of the barge in cargo hold
Source : Prof. Abdel-Maksoud, 2007

20. Source : Prof. Abdel-Maksoud, 2007
Sea-river Barge carrier in the Yellow Sea - 2
Larger Cargo Hold of Barge Carrier
Advantage:
Direct floating-in of barge fleet into the carrier
Disadvantage:
Great free surface with nagative influence on the ship stability
Source : Prof. Abdel-Maksoud, 2007

21. Train Ferry System
• Train Ferry System for Korea-China and Korea-Japan
• Short Sea Shipping linkage to TAR (Trans Asian Railway)
• Standardization Target : Ship and Harbor Facility
The photograph show a train ferry operating in the Baltic Sea.
Train ferries are needed for connection of Korean railways to Chinese
and for direct access to the Continental railways.
SSS linkages to TAR
Train Ferry in Baltic Sea

22. Major Railway Network of China
Beijing
8 Major Longitudinal Railways
Shanghai
8 Major Transverse Railways

23. Direct Delivery of Container from Barge to Warehouse Door
Terminal Facilities
Inland Waterway Container Terminal
WAREHOUSES-CFS
INLAND CONTAINER TERMINAL, LO/LO BARGE ACCESS
Rail Mounted Gantry Crane
Loaded Container Stack
To/from Over-the-Road
Vans
Direct Delivery of Container
from Barge to Warehouse Door
To/from Grounded ISO
Container
Two-way Container On Chassis Loading Lane
LO/LO Container Barge

24. RoPax (Pallet Loading/Unloading) System of EU
Cargo Handling Systems
RoPax (Pallet Loading/Unloading) System of EU
The figure shows a conceptual drawing of a fast cargo handling system with container palette,
specially designed to overcome severe tidal differences in the Yellow Sea region.

25. • Container Pallet handling system patented by CTYS, Inha University
The figure shows a conceptual drawing of a fast cargo handling system with container palette,
specially designed to overcome severe tidal differences in the Yellow Sea region.
 CTYS 2000
High Performance Capability of Loading and Unloading
Position Valve System Activated by Smart Electro-Rheological(ER) Fluids
Easy adaptation for High Speed Cargo Ships

26. Concept of
Mega Pallet
System -1

27. Concept of Mega Pallet System - 2

28. Floating Container Terminal
Max.
Min.
Container
cranes
Floating
Terminal
Absorbing Devices
 CTYS
Fixing Anchor
crane
Bridge support
Connection
Bridge
Ship
Couplings
The floating terminal may operate apart from the land
and can handle transshipment between ships
or ships and barges.

29. Offshore Floating Terminal
Trends of container shipping
Mega Carrier shipping co.
Big ship, 12000TEU over
Mega Hub port
Global Terminal Operator (GTO)
Source :
Offshore-Containerumschlag – Herausforderung für Ingenieure
Kapitän Dipl.-Naut. Olaf Kammertöns
Entwicklungszentrum für Schiffstechnik und Transport systeme e.V. (Duisburg)
Dipl.-Ing. Wolfgang Wichner
CATS GmbH & Co. KG (Wendelstein)
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Moustafa Abdel-Maksoud
Institut für Schiffstechnik und Transportsysteme der UDE (Duisburg)* Mitglied des Zentrums für Logistik und Verkehr, Universität Duisburg-Essen
28. Duisburger Kolloquium, June, 2007

30. Offshore Floating Terminal
Source : Abdel Maksoud et. al. 2007

31. Mobile Harbor (MH-B1 type)
The floating terminal may operate apart from the land
and can handle transshipment between ships
or ships and barges.
Source : KAIST

32. Mobile Harbor (MH-B2 type)
The floating terminal may operate apart from the land
and can handle transshipment between ships
or ships and barges.
Source : KAIST

33. Mobile Harbor (MH_A1-1200 type)
The floating terminal may operate apart from the land
and can handle transshipment between ships
or ships and barges.
Source : KAIST

34. Mobile Harbor (MH_A1-250 type)
The floating terminal may operate apart from the land
and can handle transshipment between ships
or ships and barges.
Source : KAIST

35. Types of Mobile Floating Structures
1. Mobile floating ports/terminals
- implementing the nodal point of global and short sea shipping for
efficient logistics system
- IT based design of future logistics process before implementation
2. Floating Airport
3. Artificial Island : concept for ocean living & tourism
4. Sea based support Platform
- The need for amphibious operations

36. Challenges in defining and implementing
Understanding scope and complexity of implementation
Lack of internal expertise to implement virtualization
Anticipated costs of implementing virtualization
Demonstrating ROI for virtualization
Strategies in support of its Initiatives
Determine need for virtualization
Develop virtualization strategy
Consolidate applications and data
System management and technologies
Safety & Security
VTMIS, EDI, e-Port Clearance, Standardization, etc.

37. Major Fields for Design and Construction
Structure Mechanics
- Loading and structure response analysis
- Safety and reliability of the structures, etc.
Hydrodynamics
- Analysis of relative motion between structure and ships
during operation conditions, etc.
Automation & Crane Technology
- Operation of container cranes in the balanced conditions
- Energy management system of the structures
Structure Lifetime Management
- Cost-Profit-Analysis

38. Intermodal & SSS Pilot Projects in NE Asia
High-speed Container System in C-J-K region
C-J-K RoPax (RoRo & Passenger) System
Korea-China Train Ferry System
Sea-River Barge System
Offshore Floating Terminal, etc.

39. Prof. Jae Wook Lee : leejwook@inha.ac.kr
Thank You
for your attention
Prof. Jae Wook Lee :