1. TV White Space: From Possibilities to Precedents Super WiFi Summit Miami Beach Convention Center February 2, 2012 Julius Knapp, Chief Office of Engineering and Technology Note: The views expressed in this presentation are those of the author and may not necessarily represent the views of the Federal Communications Commission

2. Unlicensed Devices: Part 15 Part 15 provides for operation of low power radio transmitters without the need for the user to obtain a license Operating conditions: May not cause harmful interference Must accept any interference received Minimizes likelihood of interference by: Identifying permissible frequencies Limiting power to very low levels Requiring equipment authorization Permissible frequencies: Unlicensed devices are not allocated spectrum (except Unlicensed-PCS) Generally operate on unused spectrum or on overlay basis Or in ISM junk bands: 915 MHz, 2.4 GHz, 5.8 GHz Restricted from operating in public safety & low signal bands Industry has developed voluntary protocol standards within the framework of the rules: Wi-Fi, Bluetooth; Zigbee; etc.

3. Wide Variety of Applications Wi-Fi devices - Home and business networks; hot-spots Community, urban & rural broadband networks by WISPs Bluetooth headsets & keyboards Automobile keyless entry Wireless baby monitors In-home video distribution Remote control toys Toy walkie-talkies Utility meter readers & smart grid energy control Tank level meters Traffic light controls Crane controls Lighting controls & dimmers Wireless door bells Cordless phones Garage door opener controls Sensors for automatic doors Industrial automation controls RF ID systems Retail anti-theft systems Security alarm systems Wireless speakers Satellite Radio-to-FM radio Convergence w licensed devices Medical camera pills Medical panic alerts Meat thermometers Inventory control Pool cover controllers Diaper wetness sensor And the list goes on...

4. TV White Spaces 24579 36810 Non- Broadcast spectrum Non- Broadcast spectrum New York City Full Power TV Stations Philadelphia Full Power TV Stations Low Power TV White Space White Space White Space White Space Etc. TV channels are allotted to cities to serve the local area Other licensed and unlicensed services are also in TV bands White Spaces are the channels that are unused at any given location by licensed devices Low Power TV Only for illustrative purposes Wireless Microphones Wireless Microphones

5. 5 TVWS Spectrum Availability Available spectrum varies by location In rural areas many channels are available In big cities only a few channels may be available Examples of availability in UHF channels 21 – 51 (Illustrative): 21212 2323 2424 2525 2626 2727 2828 2929 3030 3131 32323 3434 3535 3636 3737 3838 3939 4040 4141 4242 43434 4545 4646 4747 4848 4949 5050 5151 21212 2323 2424 2525 2626 2727 2828 2929 3030 3131 32323 3434 3535 3636 3737 3838 3939 4040 4141 4242 43434 4545 4646 4747 4848 4949 5050 5151 New York Washington, DC Full Service DTV Station Low Power TV Station Channel Open/ Adjacent to TV Channel Open/ Not Adjacent to TV In less dense areas many channels are available. For example: Wilmington, NC: 25 channels = 150 MHz Harrisburg, PA: 19 channels = 114 MHz

6. TV White Spaces Final rules adopted Sept. 2010: Provides first new spectrum for unlicensed below 5 GHz in many years Introduces new spectrum access model based on geolocation & data base of protected services Also allows for spectrum sensing w/ rigorous review & authorization process Services protected in the data base: TV digital and analog Class A, low power, translator & booster stations Broadcast auxiliary (wireless mikes) Cable head-ends and TV translators Land mobile Sites with significant wireless microphone use 6 Mode 1: Portable device obtains location/channels from fixed device Mode 2: Portable device uses its own geolocation/data base access capability Data Base

7. What Weve Done Jan. 26, 2011, the Commissions Office of Engineering and Technology issued an Order in ET Docket 04-186, DA 11-131 that conditionally designated TVWS Data Base Administrators: Comsearch, Frequency Finder Inc., Google Inc., KB Enterprises LLC and LS Telcom, Key Bridge Global LLC, Neustar Inc., Spectrum Bridge Inc., Telcordia Technologies, and WSdb; later added Microsoft March – May 2011 held 3 public workshops plus additional meetings & dialogue Extensive info at: http://transition.fcc.gov/oet/whitespace/ Sept. 14, 2011 – Announced 1 st TVWS data base test - Spectrum Bridge Dec. 2, 2011 - Announced 2 nd TVWS data base test - Telcordia Dec. 22, 2011: Approved first data base administrator - Spectrum Bridge Dec. 22, 2011: Approved first TVWS device – Koos Technical Services, Inc. (KTS) Jan. 26, 2012: First commercial deployment - Wilmington, NC

8. What We Are Doing Accepting & processing applications for equipment certification Continuing process to approve data base administrators Delivery of wireless microphone registration process Waivers to register certain TV receive sites in data base Will soon address petitions for reconsideration of rules

9. Benefits of TV White Space Prime spectrum Great propagation & coverage High amounts in much of the USA Close to spectrum used by commercial wireless services - - potential synergy New IEEE 802.22 standard: IEEE SA Emerging Technology of the Year Award Broadband wireless access over a large area up to 100 km Up to 29 Mbps per TV channel Can increase data rate through use of multiple channels Wi-Fi & TV White Space is not an either-or proposition: Each may suit particular needs Wi-Fi has greater bandwidth but usage density is increasing When combined consumers & users could see significant benefits

10. Potential Applications Broadband (generally) Rural broadband Video – Monitoring, surveillance, distribution State & Local Governments M2M Smart Grid Health Care Education Data traffic off-load Provides a new opportunity for innovation and delivery of service, with potential for both research and commercial applications Spectrum is open to everyone & and is available now Potential uses limited only by the imagination

11. TV Broadcast Incentive Auctions Incentive auctions would share auction proceeds with the current occupant to motivate voluntary relocation of incumbents Otherwise, no incentive for current occupant to give back spectrum Modification of FCC auction authority needed Broadcaster participation in incentive auction would be voluntary In an incentive auction, in exchange for a share of auction proceeds a broadcaster could: Contribute one or more 6 MHz channels Choose to move from U to V Share spectrum with another broadcaster Or choose not to participate!

12. The FCC Would Need to Realign the Spectrum After the Auction FCC would realign the spectrum into blocks to maximize efficiency and value Without realignment, interference between television and wireless operations would increase The FCC would work with industry to minimize any interference or coverage impacts of realignment, as we did for the DTV transition Stations keep current channel numbers Moves to a lower band would be voluntary based on broadcaster reserve price TV BB Adjacent Channel Interference Without Realignment: Reduced Broadband Bandwidth TV BB Adjacent Channel Interference With Realignment: Accommodates Increased Broadband Bandwidth TV

13. Impact on TV White Space Strong support in Congress for TV bands incentive auction Demand for more spectrum for wireless broadband Could generate $25 billion in revenues, plus 10x in economic benefits Some of revenue generated could be used to support build out of public safety broadband network Impact on TVWS will depend on legislation: House: Jumpstarting Opportunity with Broadband Spectrum - JOBS Act Senate: S-911 – Public Safety Spectrum Wireless Innovation Act Discussions under way in context of payroll tax negotiations FCC has advocated support to provide for both licensed and unlicensed FCC would conduct rule making if legislation is passed There will be white space; question is how much and where

14. FCC Notice of Inquiry on Dynamic Spectrum Access (ET Docket 10-237) Notice of Inquiry (NOI) considers how dynamic access radios and techniques can provide a more intensive and efficient use of spectrum Seeks comment on the current state of the art and how FCC can promote these technologies - - test-beds or modifying its spectrum management practices and policies Covers both licensed services and unlicensed devices What spectrum bands would be most suitable? Asks whether TV White Space model might be used for other bands Asks whether and how to incorporate spectrum sensing for other bands Asks whether FCC provisions for secondary market arrangements could be enhanced to increase use by dynamic access radios Asks how to improve FCC Spectrum Dashboard for DSA 14

15. Conclusion Questions?