1. Health Promotion – The diet and disease connection
Lizann Powers Hammond
Shirley Broughton

2. Goals for today: Health Promotion -Consumer perspective
Health Promotion Framework
Diet and Chronic Disease what’s new?
Heart Disease
Diabetes
Cancer
Sorting through the evidence

3. Communicating Science Based Evidence
The New Nutrition Conversation is all about talking with consumers rather than at them to find out what they are thinking and why when it comes to nutrition.
International Food and Nutrition Information Council IFIC.org

4. Are consumers losing their
FOOD
Are consumers losing their
appetite for…
NUTRITION
International Food and Nutrition Information Council IFIC.org

5. Many people find it difficult to separate valid recommendations from fad diet advice.
Consumers are bombarded with nutrition information from a variety of sources.
Web
Sites
Food
Labels
TV and
Radio
News
Popular
Magazines
Medical
Experts
Consumer
Nutrition information is often seen as contradictory, even from equally valid sources.
Media
Images
Fad
Diet
Gurus
Friends
and
Family
Food
Ads
Gov’t
Guidelines
SOURCE: IFIC Foundation, 2004

7. Consumers Say
85% say that diet and nutrition are important to them personally.
Only 25% say they have made significant changes to achieve a healthful diet.
Source: ADA trends survey, 2002

8. Consumers Say
Consumers get most of their nutrition information from TV, newspapers, magazines.
Consumers value the information form health professionals the most.
Source: ADA Trends survey, 2002

9. Consumers Say… 38% “I’m already doing it.” 30% “I know I should, But…”
About achieving a healthy nutritious diet…
38% “I’m already doing it.”
30% “I know I should, But…”
32% “Don’t bother me.”
ADA Trends Survey 2002

10. Consumers Say
57% agree “Based on the information I’ve heard, I believe there are some foods I should never eat.”
54% believe “taking vitamin supplements is necessary to ensure good health”
33% believe “herbal dietary supplements are safe because they are natural”
ADA Trends Survey 2002

12. Missing Ingredient Tips – Where is the ACTION is!
Don’t just tell us what to do, tell us HOW to do it!
Consumers

13. SIMPLE POSITIVE PRACTICAL CONSISTENT
Consumers need how-to information about nutrition information that is …
SIMPLE
POSITIVE
PRACTICAL
CONSISTENT

14. Consumers Definition of Health
Healthy is….
Active
Energetic
Confident
Smiling
Good complexion
Good Posture
Bright and wide eyed
Works out/ is fit
Positive Attitude
Well Rested
Addressing the obesity debate: Consumers point of view IFIC 2003

15. Consumers Definition of Health
More broadly, consumers also describe health holistically, involving components of mental, emotional, and physical health. They state all of these elements must work together in contributing to good health.

16. The Health Promotion Framework

17. Elements of Health Promotion
Physical – Fitness and nutrition. Medical self-care. Control of substance abuse.
Emotional - Care for emotional health. 
Stress management, calming.
Social – Community, families, friends.
Intellectual – Education, achievement, career development.
Spiritual – Love, hope, charity.

18. Alleviation of Condition
Medical Model
Problem/Condition
Diagnosis
Treatment
Alleviation of Condition

19. Perspectives on Obesity
Medical Model
Weight is the problem.
Treatments focuses on weight loss.
Medical interventions are available to change body weight.

20. Weight Loss Methods Diet Exercise Prescription drugs
Behavior modification
Diet pills
Herbal remedies
Liposuction
Bariatric surgery
Acupuncture
Lotions/creams
Hypnosis
Stimulants

21. The Magic Cure? The medical model is the western cultural norm.
The search for a simple “magic cure” fits with the medical model.

22. Perspectives on Obesity
Health Promotion Model
Body weight above normal suggests a person is out of balance.
Seek to discover underlying issues and restore balance to life.

23. Exploration of Weight Issues
Physical
Diet and activity patterns, substance use?
Emotional
Stress levels, stress eating, emotional eating? ACE?
Social
Connection to others?
Intellectual
Mental stimulation, Happiness with life?
Spiritual
Connection to world and nature?

24. Broadening the Focus Medical Model
How can we get people to lose weight?
Health Promotion Model
How can we promote a holistic approach to health and well-being?

25. The Life Balance Wheel

27. Disease Prevention Medical Model Identify risk factors.
Intervention targets risk factors.
Often fear based, desire to avoid disease state.

28. Disease Prevention Health Promotion Model
Examine life balance and holistic well-being.
Focus in on maximizing health not just absence of disease.

29. Addressing Chronic Disease
Medical Model
You have an illness, symptoms are treated.
Health Promotion
You can be well and optimize health through lifestyle, even with a disease.

30. Diet and Disease Update
Heart Disease
Diabetes
Cancer

31. Top 10 Killers Heart disease Cancer Stroke
Chronic lower respiratory diseases
Accidents (unintentional injuries)
Diabetes
Alzheimer's disease
Influenza/Pneumonia
Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and nephrosis
Septicemia

32. Diet and Heart Disease Where we have been…
Saturated Fat 
Cholesterol 
Vegetable oils 

33. Diet and Heart Disease What’s New….
Trans fats 
Fish Oil 

34. Diet and Heart Disease What’s in the News….
Nuts / Flaxseed -
Omega 3 vs Omega 6
Plant Sterols
Tropical Oils

35. Diet and Diabetes Where we have been…
Amount of Carbohydrate
Balanced diet

36. Diet and Diabetes What’s new…
Maintain healthy weight
Physical activity
30 minutes a day 
Dietary Fiber 

37. Diet and Diabetes What’s in the news…
Glycemic Index / Glycemic Load
High Fructose Corn Syrup
Cinnamon
Chromium

38. Diet and Cancer Where we have been…
Low in fat, alcohol and salt.
High in whole grains, fruits and vegetables.

39. Diet and Cancer What’s New…
Phytochemicals
Antioxidants
Cruciferous vegetables
Omega-3 fatty acids

40. Diet and Cancer: What’s in the news…
Supplements
Juicers
Sugar substitutes
Green tea
Soy products

41. Energy Drinks
Contain significant amounts of caffeine and other legal stimulants.
Additional ingredients imply “health” benefits.

42. AHA Diet Recommendations
Balance calories and activity – achieve/ maintain a healthy weight
Consume a diet rich in fruits and vegetables
Choose Whole grains and High fiber foods
Consume fish, especially oily fish at least twice a week
Limit saturated fat and trans fat and cholesterol
Choose and prepare with little or not salt
Alcohol in moderation
Diet and Lifestyle Recommendation Revision 2006: A Scientific Statement from AHA

43. American Diabetes Association Guidelines - prevention
Moderate weight loss (7%)
Through Lifestyle changes
150 minutes/week exercise
Reduce calories / fat
High Fiber Diet 14 gram / 1000 calories
American Diabetes Association: Clinical Practice Recommendations 2007

44. American Cancer Society Nutrition and Physical Activity Guide
Maintain a healthy weight throughout life.
Adopt a physically active lifestyle.
Eat a healthy diet, with an emphasis on plant sources.
If you drink alcoholic beverages, limit consumption.
American Cancer Society Nutrition and Physical Activity Guide

45. Take home message: Type and Quality of Carbohydrates:
Make half of your grains whole
Eat more fruits and vegetables
Type and Quality of Fats:
Replace saturated fats with vegetable oils
Eat 2 fish meals / week
Lean meats
Low fat dairy

46. Focus on Lifestyle Eating behaviors:
Eat plenty of fruits & vegetables daily.
Enjoy whole grain foods.
Choose lean meats and/or protein sources.
Select low-fat dairy products.
Drink adequate fluids.
Keep portion sizes reasonable.
Pick healthful snacks.
Listen to hunger and satiety signals.

47. Take home messages Science is Evolutionary Not Revolutionary
Simple, Positive, Practical, Consistent nutrition and health messages

48. Thank you!

49. Resources
American Diabetes Association: Clinical Practice Recommendations 2007
Diet and Lifestyle Recommendations 2006: Scientific Statement from the AHA
American Journal of Public Health
International Food Information Council
American Dietetic Association Food and Nutrition Trends Survey