1. WTOSlide 1 The WTO TBT Agreement ISO CASCO/DEVCO – BIS Regional Workshop on Certification and Conformity Assessment: Building Confidence for Developing Countries New Delhi, 6-7 December 2004 Erik Wijkström WTO Trade and Environment Division erik.wijkstrom@wto.org +41 22 7395729

2. WTOSlide 2 Avoid: unnecessary barriers to trade Allow: regulatory autonomy (legitimate objectives) Use: international standards!

3. WTOSlide 3

4. WTOSlide 4 40% > 4% Overall, import weighted tariff on industrial products

5. WTOSlide 5 % 2004 1947 tariffs

6. WTOSlide 6 % 2004 1947 ? NTBs tariffs

7. WTOSlide 7 GATT – WTO Trade Rounds YearPlace / nameSubjects covered# 1947GenevaTariffs23 1949AnnecyTariffs13 1951TorquayTariffs38 1956GenevaTariffs26 1960-1961Geneva (Dillon Round) Tariffs26 1964-1967Geneva (Kennedy Round) Tariffs and anti-dumping measures 62 1973-1979Geneva (Tokyo Round) Tariffs, NTBs, framework agreements 102 1986-1994Geneva (Uruguay Round) Tariffs, NTBs, rules, services, IP, DSU, textiles, agriculture, creation of WTO, etc. 123 2001 -Geneva (DDA)(the above) + environment, + ?148 Source: WTO

8. WTOSlide 8 TBT SPS

9. WTOSlide 9 Principles of the TBT Agreement?

10. WTOSlide 10 like product Non-discrimination MFN, NT…

11. WTOSlide 11 Non-discrimination MFN, NT…

12. WTOSlide 12 Unnecessary barriers to trade ?

13. WTOSlide 13 Unnecessary barriers to trade

14. WTOSlide 14 Balance between pursuing a regulatory policy objective (choice of measure) and discouraging Members from adopting or maintaining measures that unduly restrict trade Unnecessary barriers to trade

15. WTOSlide 15 Use of relevant international standards

16. WTOSlide 16 Technical Regulations Standards Conformity Assessment Procedures

17. WTOSlide 17 Definition (Annex 1 of TBT Agreement) 3.Conformity assessment procedures Any procedure used, directly or indirectly, to determine that relevant requirements in technical regulations or standards are fulfilled. Explanatory note Conformity assessment procedures include, inter alia, procedures for sampling, testing and inspection; evaluation, verification and assurance of conformity; registration, accreditation and approval as well as their combinations.

18. WTOSlide 18 TBT Committee work programme on CAP Triennial Review: November 2003 (G/TBT/12, paras 29-41) With a view to improving Members' implementation of Articles 5-9 of the Agreement and promoting a better understanding of Members conformity assessment systems, the Committee agrees to the following work programme...

19. WTOSlide 19 Why?

20. WTOSlide 20 renewed emphasis Not new: approaches discussed before To do what? TBT Committee work programme on CAP SDoC Accreditation Other SDoC Workshop 21 March 2005 Special Meeting 29 June 2004 Workshop early 2006 4 th TR, end- 2006

21. WTOSlide 21 Summing up on CAP DefinitionPrinciples Work program (experiences with implementation)

22. WTOSlide 22 A word on how the TBT Committee works

23. WTOSlide 23 forum

24. WTOSlide 24 specific trade concerns horizontal issues technical assistance TBT Triennial Reviews (Article 15.4)

25. WTOSlide 25 specific trade concerns Request explanation / clarification from Enquiry Point Bilateral consultations Raise issue at TBT Committee meeting Request formal consultations (Dispute Settlement) (Solution)

26. WTOSlide 26 approximately 120

27. WTOSlide 27 EC – Sardines (2002) EC – Trade Description of Sardines (Peru) (first TBT case)

28. WTOSlide 28 NTBs are growing in importance Quality and safety key competitive factors today TBT and SPS Agreements are relevant and important Basic principles are familiar: MFN, NT, etc. Work Programme CAP in 3 rd TR Summing up Key in TBT: use of international standards renewed emphasis on CAP

29. WTOSlide 29 DO NOT HESITATE TO CONTACT: erik.wijkstrom@wto.org +41 22 7395729