1. Construct Ceiling Frames
BCGCA3005B
Construct Ceiling Frames

2. Intoduction

3. Ceiling Frame is the structure between the top of walls and the roof
Enclose the Room
Frame Consists of Ceiling Joists, Ceiling Trimmers, Hangers, Hanging Beams
Used in Skillion, Gable, Hip Roof

6. Ceiling Joists Horizontal Members with ends rested on top wall plate
Generally spaced at 450mm or 600mm
Initially ceiling material will determine spacing
Sizes and Grading are determined from Span Tables Ceiling Lining may be nailed directly to Joists

7. Ceiling Joists Provide Lateral Tie between opposing Rafters
Portal Frame Design
Walls Require Alternate Bracing
Butressing
Typical Residential Design
(Coupled Roof)

8. Definition – Coupled Roof

9. Non Coupled Roof

10. Installation of Ceiling Joists
Tops of Ceiling Joist may be trimmed so as not to protrude

11. AS Ceiling Joists
Ceiling Joists shall be spaced to support ceiling linings
For Coupled Roofs
Ceiling Joists run in same direction as rafters
Be in single lengths or spliced
Same spacing as Rafters

12. Ceilings Provide Diaphragm Bracing

13. Ceiling are an Important Structure
Support For Ceiling Linings
Tie bases of Rafters (Stop Spreading)
Straighten Walls (Between Intersecting Walls)
Diaphragm Bracing (9000mm Max)

14. Joining Ceiling Joists
Be only made at points of support
Lapped over support 3 times depth - 6 hand driven nails 75mm x machine driven nails 75mm x or 1 M12 Bolt
Butt joined - fish plates to each side - minimum 6 x depth of joist - 19mm x Depth of Ceiling Joist
Nailing plates as per manufacturers detail

15. Excercise
Complete Question 6

16. Selecting Members 10mm Plasterboard Direct Fix Single Span
Ceiling Joist A
x = 2000mm
450 c to c
What size Ceiling Joist is Required ?

17. Remember First Check the NOTES! From Appendix B
Refer p99 AS1684.2
Remember First Check the NOTES!
From Appendix B
10mm Plaster Board = 7.5kg/sqm
Therefore OK
Check Grade !
What are Ceiling Masses ?
Refer Appendix B – AS
450 Centres
Next Highest Span above Required 2000mm Span

18. Selecting Members Single Span Ceiling Joist A x = 2000mm
450 c to c
120mm x 35mm
Single Span
Ceiling Joist B
x = 2700mm
450 c to c.
What Size Ceiling
Joists are required?

19. Next Largest span after 2700mm
Check for Required Grade !
450 c to c

20. Selecting Members Continuous Spans 10mm Plasterboard Direct Fix
Single Span
Ceiling Joist B
x = 2500mm
450 c to c
120mm x 45mm
Ceiling Joist A & B – AS 1684 requires joists to be Continuous
x + y = 4500mm
450 c to c
Note – Maximum Span is 2700mm, 4700mm is irrelevant

21. Next Largest span after 2700mm
450 c to c Continuous Span
Check For Required Grade !

22. Compare Single to Continuous
120 x 45 F7
120 x 35 F5
10mm Plasterboard Direct Fix
Ceiling Joist A & B as Continuous Joist
450 c to c,
10mm Plasterboard
120 x 35 F5 is Sufficient

23. Exercise Complete Question 5 on Workbook 120 x 35 140 x 35 3500
Using MGP 10 select suitable Ceiling Joints
Joist X =
Joist Y =
Using MGP 10 select suitable Ceiling Joints for continuous span
Max Span Required
Ceiling Joist size =
120 x 35
140 x 35
3500
120 x 35

24. Why Continuous Spans

25. Continuous Span

26. Framing Openings in Ceilings
AS cl
Openings up to 1000mm – same size as ceiling
1000mm up to 3000mm – width increased by 20% for every 300mm of opening

27. Ceiling Openings Example
Ceiling Joists 90 x 45 MGP 10 Radiata Pine
1800 Square Opening
1800 – = 800 (1000mm being maximum allowable to use same members)
800mm divided by 300mm = therefore 3 increments
45mm x 1.2 = 54mm 1st Increase by 20%
54mm x 1.2 = 65mm 2nd Increase by 20%
65mm x 1.2 = 78mm 3rd Increase by 20%
Therefore minimum size is 90mm x 78mm

28. Excercise
Complete Questions 4 & 5 in the Worksheet

31. What items determine the sizing of Ceiling Joists?
Refer to Span Tables
Complete Questions 7 & 7.1 of Workbook

32. Hanging Beams- also referred to as Hangers
Hanging Beams provide support to Ceiling Joists where walls are available

33. Connecting Hanging Beams to Ceiling Joists
Ceiling Dog

34. Connecting Hanging Beams to Ceiling Joists
Unitie
4 Timber Connector Nails in Each Member

35. Connecting Hanging Beams to Ceiling Joists
Triple Grips
35mm x 3.15 Connector Nails in to each member

36. End Support of Hanging Beams
Hanging Beams shall nailed or bolted to a rafter
Beam Shall Bear Full Width of Plate on Packing
Where more than 2/3 of the Beam needs to be trimmed a ceiling trimmer is required

37. Isometric View
Complete Exercise 8 of the Work Book

38. Restraining Deep Hanging Beams
What is a Deep Beam ?
Where depth is Greater than 7 times the Width

39. Hanging Beams Gable Ends
Packing Full Width of Plate. Build up to top of Ceiling Joists
Where Beam is longer than 3000mm stud required directly below
Where this occurs at Gable Ends , no ceiling joists to brace end wall
The Beam will also act as a “Binder”

40. Binders refer AS cl
At Gable Ends walls do not have Ceiling Joists to Brace them

41. Work Book
Complete Question 9

42. Selecting Member Sizes Hanging Beam Refer Question 10
Ceiling Joist Span = 3600mm
Hanging Span = 4500mm

43. What is Ceiling Load Width ?
Check Notes

44. Without Hanging Beam all Load is transferred to walls
Hanging Beam is similar to having a wall in same location

45. Required Beam
190 x 45 MGP 10
What is Ceiling Load Width ?
1800mm
What is the Hanging Beam Span ?
4500mm

46. Complete Workbook Q10

47. Counter Beams called Hanging Beams in the TAFE GUIDE
Reduce Span of Hanging Beam
At 90º to Hanging Beams
Supported on Walls
With stud directly below if longer than 3000mm
Trimmed for Roof Finishes
Similar to Hanging Beams

48. Intersection of Hanging & Counter
Note – Counter Beam is Supporting Hanging Beam

49. Intersection of Hanging & Counter

50. Intersection of Hanging & Counter
Hanging Beam
Counter Beam
Packer to Provide
Clearance to Ceiling
Complete Q11 & 11.1 in Workbook

51. Counter Beams Reduces Span of Hanging Beam
Without Counter Beam, Hanging Span is x
Load Flow
x/2
Once Counter Beam is installed, Hanging Beam Span is now x/2
x/2
Load Flow

52. Selecting Member Counter Beam Span = 3600mm
Hanging Beam Length (x) = 6000mm

53. Counter Beam Spacing = x/2
There may be more than 1
X= 8000mm
Beam Span 4000mm
Check Grade
Check Notes

54. Determine Suitable Counter Beam
Complete Questions 11 & 12 F8
MGP 12
F14
F27
190 x 45
170 x 35
175 x 40
140 x 45 or 2/120 x 35
Counter beam span 3600
Hanging Beam Length (x) 6000

56. Combined Strutting/Hanging Beams
Reduce Span of Ceiling Joists and Purlin
Supported on Walls
With stud directly below if longer than 3000mm
Roof Load Strutted down to Hanging Beam

57. Check Grade
First we need to determine what ceiling load it carrying?
Roof Masses
Check Notes

58. Ceiling Load Width (CLW)
Sheet Roof
Ceiling Joist Span (x) = 4200
Hanging Beam Span = 6000
Rafter Span (B) = 4500
Therefore CLW = 2100
Remember what we are trying
Work out is what load is the
member carrying

59. Next we need to calculate what roof load it is carrying?

60. Roof Area Support Sheet Roof Why A ?
Strut Down to Beam from Purlin(Roof)
Struts down to top plate distance between these 2 struts is A
Therefore strut takes load ½ way between other supports
5000/2 = A
A = 2500
Ceiling Joist Span (x) = 4200
Hanging Beam Span (A) = 5000
Rafter Span (B) = 4500

61. Roof Area Support Why B? Rafter is supported by Purlin
Rafter Load is Transferred thru
Purlin Strut
Ridge Strut,
Top Plate
Therefore Beam takes load ½ way between supports (4500/2)
= 2250
Ceiling Joist Span (x) = 4200
Hanging Beam Span (A) = 5000
Rafter Span (B) = 4500

62. Remember Ceiling Load Width = 2100
Next we need to calculate what roof load it is carrying?
2.250 (Rafter Span) x
2.500 ( HB Span)
=5.625
Required Hanging Beam Span = 5000
Required Hanging Beam Span = 5000mm

63. Combined Strutting/Counter Beams
Reduce Span of Hanging Beam
Supported on Walls
With stud directly below if longer than 3000mm
Roof Load Strutted down to Hanging Beam

65. Strutting Beam
No Ceiling Support
Load Flow

66. Complete Q13

67. Alternate Ceilings P288
Flat Roof Construction

69. Exposed Grid Ceilings Page 289

70. Exposed Grid Ceiling

72. Concealed Fixed Suspended Ceiling Page 290

73. Direct Fix Systems Page 290

74. Estimating Determine No of Ceiling Joists 12 250/ 600 = 20.4167
12 250/ 600 = = =

75. Place Hanging & Counter Beams
Single Span greater than 200mm

78. Ceiling Trimmers 6650 ÷ 600 = 11.083 = 12 + 1 to Close = 13
800 ÷ 600 = 1.3 = 2
+ 1 to Close = 3
= 23
39 x = = 21.6
Say 6.0 = 18.0
3.6 = 3.6
6650 ÷ 600 = = 12
+ 1 to Close = 13x2 = 26
3350 ÷ 600 = 5.6 = 6
+ 1 to Close = 7

80. Determine Hanging Beams
5450
2850
3850
3300
4400

82. Counter Beam

84. Ceiling Dogs
Every Time a joist crosses a beam
One at every Hanging Beam
Two at Ceiling Joist Joints

86. Planning