1. 1 EXPERTS MEETING ON REGIONAL TRANSIT TRANSPORT FACILITATION GENEVA SEPTEMBER, 2007

2. 2 PRESENTATION OUTLINE Profile of COMESA Concept and Evolution of Transit Transport Facilitation Access of Landlocked Nations to the Sea Development of Transport Corridors Physical Infrastructure Facilitation Instruments Soft Issues Options Adopted in the Establishment of Corridor Institutional Structures

3. 3 BASIC INFORMATION ON COMESA Member States – 19 Area – 12.9million sq km Population- 380 million No of landlocked states - 9 Established as PTA in 1982 COMESA Treaty Protocol on Trade and Transport GDP (2006) – US$287.6 billion

4. 4 Trade Patterns 2005 Intra-COMESA Trade – US$ 6.3 billion Global Trade Exports - US$ 70 billion Global Trade Imports – US$ 85 billion Growth in Intra-COMESA Trade - 15% p.a.

5. 5 Transport Networks - 2007 CountryArea in Sq kmRoads - Classified Network (km Roads - Paved Network (km) Railways (km) Ports (No) Inland Water ways (km) Egypt997,64664,000449,9845,02463,500 Sudan2,505,80011,90044,3205,97825,310 Eritrea121,1444,0108743172 Ethiopia1,133,38031,6003,789681 Djibouti23,0002,8903641001 Kenya586,64663,9427,7372,6401 Uganda Rwanda 241,036 26,336 26,840 12,000 3,489 996 1,235 - ---- Burundi27,83414,4001,0281 Congo DR2,344,885157,0004,772215,000 Zambia752,61466,7812,1702,250 Malawi118,48427,3005,254710144 Zimbabwe390,75991,8108,6923,160 Swaziland17,3633,247310 Libya1,759,54083,20047,5904

6. 6 Concept and Evolution of Transit Transport Facilitation Transit Transport necessary to serve land locked and sea remote parts of non landlocked countries Need to take the shortest routes to the sea Bilateral Agreements among states to allow transiting Multilateral Agreements among several states International Agreements

7. 7 International Conventions The Convention and Statute on Freedom of Transit (Barcelona Convention); 1921 The UN Convention on Transit Trade of Landlocked States (New York Convention); 1965 The International Convention to Facilitate the Crossing of Frontiers for Goods Carried by Rail; 1952 The Convention on the Contract for the International Carriage of Goods by Road (CMR), 1956 The Convention on Road Traffic; 1968 The Convention on Road Signs and Signals; 1968 The UN Customs Convention on the International Transport of Goods under Cover of TIRR Carnets; 1975 The International Convention to Harmonisation of Frontier Control of Goods; 1982

8. 8 Regional and Sub-regional Conventions The Northern Corridor Transit Agreement; 1985 The SADC Protocol on Transport, Communications and Meteorology The International Surface Transport Agreement of the Southern Cone Countries, Latin America; 1990 The ASEAN Transit Framework Agreement; 1998 The Multilateral Agreement on International Transport for Development of the Europe- Caucasus- Asia Corridor; 1998

9. 9 Bilateral Agreements Bolivia- Chile Treaty; 1904 The Laos- Thailand Treaty on Freedom of Transit; 1978 Mongolia – China Transit Agreement; 1991 Kazakhstan – Russian Federation Rail Transit Treaty; 1992 Mongolia - Russian Federation Transit Agreement; 1992 Nepal – India Transit Agreement; 1999

10. 10 Issues to be Addressed Physical Facilities (Roads, railways, ports, etc.) Administrative and Regulatory Matters Customs and Ports Procedures Licensing of Operators and Means of Transport Provision of Facilities enroute Transit Charges Road Safety Border Operations Immigration

11. 11 Access of Landlocked Nations to the Sea Transit routes through railways or roads Port Facilities either on a common user principles or through extension of preferences (Northern Corridor) Transit Terminals ( Mombasa and Dar es Salaam, Beira, Maputo.)

12. 12 Access of Landlocked Nations to the Sea Designated Corridors passing originating and terminating in ports Designated routes Application of harmonised instruments along each designated Corridor Monitoring Framework for each corridor

13. 13 Physical infrastructure Enhancement of regional connectivity through Prioritisation of regional projects in road, railways, pipelines, ports and terminals; Construction of missing transport links Rehabilitation and upgrading of transport infrastructure; Maintenance and preservation of infrastructure

14. 14 Facilitation Instruments Soft Issues Adoption of Conducive Policy, Regulatory and Institutional Framework Removal of Nonphysical Constraints Trade Facilitation Capacity Building

15. 15 Conducive Policy and Institutional Framework Policy reforms to Facilitate Investment in Transport Infrastructure Promotion of participation of private investment and management of infrastructure Institutional and Regulatory Reforms

16. 16 Institutional Reforms Establishment of independent sector regulatory authorities Establishment of dedicated agencies to undertake specific functions in the road sector Unbundling of state owned transport services providers such as railways and ports

17. 17 Regulatory Reforms Strengthening Technical and Economic Regulatory Authorities Empowering regulatory authorities to settle disputes and impose penalties in their sectors subject to appeal on their decisions Promotion of Competition

18. 18 Options fore Establishment of Corridor Institutional Structures Regional Economic Communities (RECs) Multinational Agreements (TTCA) Bilateral Agreements Hybrid Corridor Management Systems involving governments and various stakeholders (Maputo, Dar es Salaam, Walvis Bay Hierarchical nature of Agreements (More preferences as one goes to bilateral agreements)

19. 19 COMESA Instruments for Removal of Nonphysical Barriers COMESA Carrier Licence Harmonised Transit Charges; Axle Load Limits and Overload Control Harmonised Vehicle Dimensions Third Party Motor Insurance One Stop Border Posts COMESA Customs Document Regional Customs Bond Guarantee

20. 20 Deliverables in Transport and Trade Facilitation Network of sustainable transport infrastructure Comprehensive facilitation instruments to ensure smooth flow of transit transport and trade Adoption of international conventions in the area of transit transport and trade Capacity building infrastructure to facilitate continuous training and exchange of best practices Harmonised regional policy and regulatory framework

21. 21 Summary of RECs Roles Promote diversification in Investment and Management of Transport Infrastructure Facilitate consensus building among states in prioritisation of regional projects Facilitate negotiations with development banks and partners in securing investment in infrastructure taking into account selection criteria which mitigate on poverty Promote Cooperation in the Design and Implementation of Transport and Trade Facilitation Instruments Promote Capacity Building in Member States

22. 22 Corridors Serving Eastern and Southern Africa Djibouti- Addis Ababa Corridor Mombasa Corridor (Northern Corridor) Dar es Salaam Central Corridor Dar es Salaam TAZARA Corridor Mtwara Corridor Nacala Corridor Beira Corridor Maputo Corridor Durban Corridor (North-South Corridor) Trans-Kalahari Corridor Trans Caprivi Corridor Banguela Corridor North South Corridor

23. 23

24. 24

25. 25 END OF PRESENTATION THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION