1. African Natural resources standardisation perspective - Role of CFP standards in agricultural export promotion Hermogene Nsengimana (PhD) 21-25 November 2011, Windhoek, Namibia

2. What do we export? Horticulture Council of Africa (HCA)

3. Land area (worldmapper.org)

4. Territory size shows the proportion of worldwide net imports of vegetables (in US$) that are received there. (worldmapper.org)

5. What do we do? Avoid to be standard takers but standards makers

6. Climate is on the worlds agenda Politicians on the international arena set targets Politicians locally have their agendas and ambitions Companies feel pressure and have ambitions Individuals want to know if their choices make a difference Why do we need climate declarations

7. Environmentalists?

8. Bilan Carbone Frankrike Carbon Footprint von Produkten Tyskland JEMAI Japan KOECO Sydkorea UK Carbon Trust Carbon Footprint UK BSI PAS 2050 Carbon Disclosure Project PE International - Carbon Footprint Carbon Planet Georgia Pacific – Pew Center on Global Climate Change Timberland Inc. CEPI, Confederation of European Paper Industries Friends of the Earth LifeGate Italy WBSD/WRI NCASI The Supply Chain Carbon Council, ESCI Tesco - Carbon Label ASDA Mark & Spencer Casino, Frankrike Carrefour, Frankrike Migros, Schweiz Walkers Cascades Forestry Commission UK The New Zealand Wine Company FoodWeek Australia Dole Food Company Tetrapak Carbon Reduction Institute Australia KRAV - Svensk Sigill Sweden Australia's Greenhouse Friendly label Carbon Labelling CO2 Star EU Carbon Label for California Louise Galvin Vattenfall Coca Cola Cadburys Danone Granarolo Halifax North Carolina's Carbon Footprint Project Boots Muller Dairy Ltd Hewlett-Packard Dell Lóreal Unilever International EPD® programme There is a manifold of brands, labels, declarations

9. Climate change declaration on Milk Electricity Clay bricks ………….

10. Emissions in the different stages, cradle to gate gate to gate, gate to grave, as CO 2 -eq. Contact persons and company information and where to get the complete environmental information Independent verification and other formal information Information about the product Information about the company Information about the LCA and climate declaration Information

11. How can climate declaration be used Environmental issues are complex The interest to act responsibly is spreading The complete environmental information is too much for most consumer and even professional actors Climate declaration could be door openers for many to – later appreciate the full environmental information

12. Climate is a big issue International agreements are needed around worldwide issues We need information to help us do the right things Standard body provide tools to describe and compare alternative solutions help to keep the market open and fair Carbon Footprints as a key

13. All companies need… To earn money now and in the future Understand its products and markets Keep customers and survive long term Be trusted by investor, authorities and banks

14. What African stake Standards… a passport to international trade – At private sector…no debate on whether or not to comply No Standards, No Trade Debate on Compliance Attestation(certification), both for official control systems and private labels In Developing Countries: A synergy between private sector self regulation standards and official control systems Benchmarking to international market standards Africa/private sector representation in standard setting process

15. Climate Change and Fresh Produce Food miles – 2006-07: start of the debate – airplane labeling in some UK supermarkets Why food only, actually only fresh produce? Why the transport aspect only?, production emissions, whole value chain approach? Africas response GROWN UNDER THE SUN

16. CFP- EAC trials Trials on greenhouse roses – Kenya/ Europe Trials on Kenyan green beans Experiences: – Seasonal variations – Farm-to-farm differences – Subjectivity issues The Need for Standardization – Welcome the process of Developing ISO 14067

17. protectionism. Grow local, buy local, eat local. Y Tir – the newspaper of the Farmers Union of Wales, November 2005.

18. …standard body behind… In a time of globalization, it becomes more clear how important it is with a strong national or regional profile. We notice that the consumers are becoming more interested in locally-produced products Jacqueline Forster Zigerley, Biosuisse A carbon label will put the power in the hands of consumers to choose how they want to be green Tom Delay, Carbon Trust, UK

19. Developing countries Our reality: – Small scale production -70% of total production Minimal or no mechanization – low emissions No need to heat up growing environments, all year production Dependency on international trade for livelihoods Low Per Capita Emissions

20. Information about the total amount of GHGs emitted during the life cycle of a good or service Grams CO2-eq. per unit of product Display of this information on packaging and websites – with other CC information Different from measurement of emissions at source Different from corporate and project level assessments Indicators of impacts on the climate, not necessary good indicators of wider environmental and social issues What is a product carbon footprint (PCF)?

21. Dominant method for calculating the sum of GHG emissions from activities along the entire life cycle of a product From Cradle-to-grave or Farm-to-fork or Field-to-Wheel PCF activities engages all value chain actors – in terms of data provision and GHG reduction efforts Precise boundary of the GHG calculation in not clearly specified No discrimination against products transported over long distance, some ignore short-distant transport The CFP Framework: Life-Cycle Analysis (LFA) Source: www.zespri.com 21

22. CFP- EAC trials Trials on greenhouse roses – Kenya/ Europe Trials on Kenyan green beans Experiences: – Seasonal variations – Farm-to-farm differences – Subjectivity issues The Need for Standardization – Welcome the process of Developing ISO 14067

23. Standards for Climate change and Trade Standard… a BIG YES – A standardized way to measure compliance Current view from Africa…food miles/buy local is protectionist – What if it was buy local for everything? BUT… a real risk of a Trade Barrier Be part of the development of standards

24. Conclusion Dont sit, act now We can all act and with correct information it is easier to make good choices Take advantage and participate in the standard process Thank You