1. What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma March 2012Class 8 Introdução à Medicina II

2. SUMMARY I ntroduction J ustification R esearch question A ims M ethods S ome results E xpected results R eferences What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma March 20122Class 8

3. INTRODUCTION March 20123Class 8 S CIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE DIVULGATION Scientific journals BooksConferences Governmental reports Technical reports Flyers Online versions What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma

4. INTRODUCTION March 20124Class 8 Scientific articles Scientific journals Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 1665 Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 1665 New England Journal of Medicine 1812 New England Journal of Medicine 1812 published in What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma

5. INTRODUCTION March 20125Class 8 Contain… Motivation of the author Experimental design and execution Meaning of the results Conclusions and recommendations Require… Clarity Concision Organization Objectivity Better comprehension More effective way of using its results To accomplish What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma

6. INTRODUCTION March 20126Class 8 Average number of times an article published in a given journal was cited in the last two years Comparison between different scientific areas can induce biased conclusions Journal Citation ReportISI Web of Knowledge What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma

7. INTRODUCTION March 20127Class 8 Possible biases: Size of the articles IF of the journal in which they are published ISI Web of Knowledge Presented in the end of the academic work, bibliographies or specific indexes What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma

8. INTRODUCTION March 20128Class 8 Information for the authors on how they must write their manuscript Scientific Journals Not presentation of guidelines Presentation of guidelines (recommendation or obligation) Editing Guidelines Reporting Guidelines External Uniform Requirements STREGA SQUIRE STROBE CONSORT STARD PRISMA GNOSIS TREND ORION COREQ QUORUM REMARK MOOSE Internal What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma

9. INTRODUCTION March 20129Class 8 General Reporting Guidelines Vancouver Group (Vancouver, British Columbia, 1978) International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) First statements: 1979 Last update: 2010 What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma

10. INTRODUCTION March 201210Class 8 Refering to a particular type of study and to other specific aspects of science publication What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma GNOSISGuidelines for neuro-oncology: Standards for investigational studies CONSORTConsolidated Standards of Reporting Trials COREQConsolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research MOOSEMeta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology ORIONOutbreak Reports and Intervention Studies Of Nosocomial infection PRISMAPreferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses QUORUMQuality of Reporting of Meta-analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials REMARKREporting recommendations for tumour MARKer prognostic studies SQUIREStandards for Quality Improvement Reporting Excellence STARDStandards for the Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies STREGAStrengthening the Reporting of Genetic Association studies STROBEStrengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology TRENDTransparent Reporting of Evaluations with Nonrandomized Designs

11. JUSTIFICATION December 201111Class 8 What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma Medical care is improved by new discoveries and studies that promote a better life perspective for patients. Breakthroughs are published in scientific articles. In order to achieve a better treatment for patients and a good management of resources it is imperative to divulgate the knowledge in the clearest way possible Scientific articles highly effective.

12. Depends on… Sientific content Way that it is written March 201212Class 8 JUSTIFICATION Influences… Interest of scientific community Diffusion and applicability of the results What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma

13. RESEARCH QUESTION March 201213Class 8 What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma

14. AIMS March 201214Class 8 What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma

15. METHODS March 201215Class 8 What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma

16. METHODS March 201216Class 8 O bservational study T ransversal study A nalytic study What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma

17. METHODS March 201217Class 8 What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma TasksClass 8Class 21 Colect list of journals of General and Internal MedicineXX Apply exclusion/inclusion criteriaX (distribution) X (collection) Colect Impact Factors from 2008, 2009 and 2010X (distribution) X (collection) Analyse the reporting guidelinesX (distribution) X (collection) Colect articles from 2008 and their number of citationsX Analyse journals by groupX Analyse 6 articles from 2008 for each groupX Calculate impact of articles from 2008 and make statistical analysesX

18. March 201218Class 8 Search in ISI Web of Knowledge for journals of General and Internal Medicine. http:// www.isiknowledge.com METHODS What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma

19. March 201219Class 8 From all the journals found, distribute its primary analysis by the students of two classes to apply some criteria and collect their Impact Factor from 2008, 2009 and 2010. Inclusion Criteria Journals which have an available web site. Exclusion Criteria Websites not written in Portuguese, English or Spanish. METHODS What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma

20. March 201220Class 8 From all the journals found, distribute its primary analysis by the students of two classes to apply some criteria and collect their Impact Factor from 2008, 2009 and 2010. METHODS What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma

21. March 201221Class 8 Compare the analysis of the journals made by the two reviewers and select the journals for the study. METHODS What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma Some statistic analysis is done to clarify the motives of exclusion of some journals and to verify how many journals are included in the study.

22. March 201222Class 8 From the included journals, select those with reporting guidelines and verify its type. Go to the website of the selected journals Read the section of the instructions for authors Verify if any guidelines are presented and analyse its type Select journals that present some type of reporting guidelines METHODS What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma

23. March 201223Class 8 From the included journals, select those with reporting guidelines and verify its type. Until this point, most methods are commom to both of the classes, so there is a division of the tasks. Class 8 is responsible for doing the distribution of the journals between the two classes and for preparing the database. METHODS What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma

24. March 201224Class 8 Search for articles of the selected journals which were published in 2008. This information is collected on ISI Web of Knowledge METHODS What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma

25. March 201225Class 8 Export information about selected articles to SPSS. Title of the article Authors Number of citations Journal in which it was published METHODS What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma

26. March 201226Class 8 Calculate the impact for each article. CN – Citation Number IF – Impact Factor of the journal CN – Citation Number IF – Impact Factor of the journal METHODS What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma

27. March 201227Class 8 Verify if there is an association between the impact of the articles and the type of reporting guidelines used by the journals. METHODS What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma Separate articles into 3 groups: Articles published in journals using internal reporting guidelines Articles published in journals using external reporting guidelines (specifying what type) Articles published in journals using both types reporting guidelines Calculate the mean impact of the articles for each group Apply ANOVA to verify if there is evidence of diference between groups

28. SOME RESULTS March 201228Class 8 What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma There are 153 journals of General and Internal Medicine.

29. SOME RESULTS March 201229Class 8 What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma

30. SOME RESULTS March 201230Class 8 What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma

31. SOME RESULTS March 201231Class 8 What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma Average IF2008200920103 years Included 1,0211,1421,3031,120 Excluded 0,4640,5050,5120,505 Language 0,5060,4910,4740,487 Not available website 0,4640,5050,6970,522 Median values of Impact Factor

32. EXPECTED RESULTS March 201232Class 8 There will be an association between the use of internal reporting guidelines and/or external reporting guidelines and the impact of scientific papers Impact factor of the journal where the articles are published Proper characteristics of the study presented in the article Impact factor of the journal where the articles are published Proper characteristics of the study presented in the article What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma

33. EXPECTED RESULTS March 201233Class 8 A guide to the creation (or maintenance) of reporting guidelines for scientific journals of General and Internal Medicine. A motivation for further studies on this subject, involving other scientific areas It is expected that our study serve as… Generalization of the results What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma

34. Jacinto T. Informação e conhecimento biomédico, pesquisa bibliográfica, bibliotecas digitais [Biomedical information and knowledge, bibliographic research, digital libraries] [slide]. Porto (Portugal): Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (PT), Departamento de Ciências da Informação e da Decisão em Saúde; 2011. Portuguese, English. Nahas FX, Ferreira LM. A arte de redigir um trabalho científico [periódico na Internet] 2005;20 Suppl. 2:17-8. Disponível em URL: http://www.scielo.br/acb Nte AR, Awi DD. Writing a scientific paper: getting to the basics. Niger J. Med (2007) Jul-Sep;16(3):212-8. Jacinto T, Morais A, Fonseca JA. How to write a scientific paper - Searching and Managing Biomedical information. Rev Port Pneumol. 2011;17:190-194. Samil LR. Writing and publication of a medical article. Vandenbroucke J P. STREGA, STROBE, STARD, SQUIRE, MOOSE, PRISMA, GNOSIS, TREND, ORION, COREQ, QUOROM, REMARK and CONSORT: for whom does the guideline toll?. Clin Epidemiol. 2009;62:594-596. International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. ICMJE, International Committee of Medical Journal Editors [homepage on the Internet]. [place unknown]: International Committee of Medical Journal Editors; 2009 [cited 2011 Nov 11]. Available from: http://www.icmje.org/ REFERENCES March 201234Class 8 What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma

35. Rodrigues P. Artigos científicos, aspectos e orientações base [Scientific papers, guidelines and basic aspects] [slide]. Porto (Portugal): Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (PT), Departamento de Ciências da Informação e da Decisão em Saúde; 2011. Portuguese, English. CONSORT Group. CONSORT, TRANSPARENT REPORTING OF TRIALS [homepage on the Internet]. [place unknown]: Minervation; [reviewed 2011 May 16; cited 2011 Nov 11]. Available from: http://www.consort-statement.org/ STROBE Group. STROBE Statement, Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology [homepage on the Internet]. [Bern (Switzerland)]: ISPM – University of Bern; 2009 [cited 2011 Nov 11]. Available from: http://www.strobe- statement.org/ SQUIRE Group. SQUIRE, Standards for Quality Improvement Reporting Excellence [homepage on the Internet]. [Lebanon (NH)]: [Publisher unknown]; [cited 2011 Dec 1]. Available from: http://squire-statement.org/ STARD Group. STARD Statement, STAndards for the Reporting of Diagnostic accuracy studies [homepage on the Internet]. [Amsterdam (The Netherlands)]: [Publisher unknown]; [reviewed 2008 Apr 22; cited 2011 Nov 11]. Available from: http://www.stard-statement.org/ Stefánsson E, Kivelä T. The ingredients of a good paper. Acta Ophthalmol. 2010; 88:619-621 REFERENCES March 201235Class 8 What to choose: internal reporting guidelines or external reporting guidelines? A step closer to answering this dilemma