1. Princess Sumaya University Dr. Bassam Kahhaleh
Industrial Instruments 1
Princess Sumaya Univ. Electronic Engineering Dept.
3441 Industrial Instruments 1 Chapter 1 Introduction to Process Control
Dr. Bassam Kahhaleh
Dr. Bassam Kahhaleh

2. Introduction to Process Control
Princess Sumaya University
Industrial Instruments 1
Introduction to Process Control
Objective
Introduce the overall process-control loop, its function, and its description.

3. Introduction to Process Control
Princess Sumaya University
Industrial Instruments 1
Introduction to Process Control
Process-Control Principles
The Process

4. Introduction to Process Control
Princess Sumaya University
Industrial Instruments 1
Introduction to Process Control
Process-Control Principles
Human-Aided Control

5. Introduction to Process Control
Princess Sumaya University
Industrial Instruments 1
Introduction to Process Control
Process-Control Principles
Automatic Control

6. Introduction to Process Control
Princess Sumaya University
Industrial Instruments 1
Introduction to Process Control
Process-Control Block Diagram
Control Element p
e = r - b
Process r ∑
Controller − b
Measurement

7. Introduction to Process Control
Princess Sumaya University
Industrial Instruments 1
Introduction to Process Control
Control System Evaluation
Stability
Does the system become unstable, especially after reacting to a disturbance or other changes?
Steady-State Regulation
Transient Regulation

8. Introduction to Process Control
Princess Sumaya University
Industrial Instruments 1
Introduction to Process Control
Control System Evaluation
Evaluation Criteria
Damped Response
Cyclic Response

9. Introduction to Process Control
Princess Sumaya University
Industrial Instruments 1
Introduction to Process Control
Analog & Digital Processing
Data Representation
Analog Data
Digital Data (Binary)
Data Conversion
ADC
DAC
Resolution & Speed

10. Introduction to Process Control
Princess Sumaya University
Industrial Instruments 1
Introduction to Process Control
ON/OFF Control
Control Element is either ON or OFF
Relays
Mechanical
Solid-State

11. Introduction to Process Control
Princess Sumaya University
Industrial Instruments 1
Introduction to Process Control
ON/OFF Control
Relays
Mechanical

12. Introduction to Process Control
Princess Sumaya University
Industrial Instruments 1
Introduction to Process Control
ON/OFF Control
Relays
Mechanical

13. Introduction to Process Control
Princess Sumaya University
Industrial Instruments 1
Introduction to Process Control
ON/OFF Control
Relays
Mechanical

14. Introduction to Process Control
Princess Sumaya University
Industrial Instruments 1
Introduction to Process Control
ON/OFF
Control

15. Introduction to Process Control
Princess Sumaya University
Industrial Instruments 1
Introduction to Process Control
Analog Control VQ
Controller
Heater Q
Ve = Vr - VT
Oven Vr ∑
Error detector T − VT
Measurement

16. Introduction to Process Control
Princess Sumaya University
Industrial Instruments 1
Introduction to Process Control
Digital Control
Supervisory Control VQ
Heater Q
Ve = Vr - VT
Controller ∑
Oven
Error detector T − VT Vr
Measurement
ADC
Computer
DAC

17. Introduction to Process Control
Princess Sumaya University
Industrial Instruments 1
Introduction to Process Control
Digital Control
Direct Digital Control (DDC) VQ
Heater Q
DAC NQ
Oven
Computer T NT
ADC
Measurement VT

18. Introduction to Process Control
Princess Sumaya University
Industrial Instruments 1
Introduction to Process Control
Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC)
Inputs & Outputs are AC level L L
PLC N N

19. Introduction to Process Control
Princess Sumaya University
Industrial Instruments 1
Introduction to Process Control
Sensor Time Response
First-Order Response
b (t ) = bi + (bf – bi ) [ 1 – e – t / ]
Second-Order Response
R (t )  Ro e – t sin (2  fn t )

20. Introduction to Process Control
Princess Sumaya University
Industrial Instruments 1
Introduction to Process Control
End of Chapter 1