1. Study on the goal of ecological rehabilitation and related management technology in Suzhou Creek YIN Haowen, LI Kang, CHEN Xiaoqian Bioassay and safety assessment laboratory SAPM2010/04 ·2010·

2. Set up a clear and operable management goal system for ecological rehabilitation, include short-time, medium-term and long term goal, in Suzhou Creek. All of these work is based on the research which was carried on between 1960s and 2008 Set up a clear and operable management goal system for ecological rehabilitation, include short-time, medium-term and long term goal, in Suzhou Creek. All of these work is based on the research which was carried on between 1960s and 2008 The object of the project

3. Confirm with spatial background in eco-rehabilitation Data collection (in situ test) Data collection (in situ test) The character identification with spatial data sets The character identification with spatial data sets Confirm with temporal background in eco-rehabilitation Analysis of historic data (from 1960s) Analysis of historic data (from 1960s) The verification of historic dada (in situ test) The verification of historic dada (in situ test) Finding out the key population concerned ecological rehabilitation at background lever Finding out the key population concerned ecological rehabilitation at background lever Research Research program

4. The stages of ecological rehabilitation in the creek Ecological characters in different stage Ecological characters in different stage How to assess these characters? How to assess these characters? Rehabilitation goal and partitional principles Fish community and its quantitative study Fish community and its quantitative study Microbe population indicator Microbe population indicator The standardization with working method for monitoring and assessing The standardization with working method for monitoring and assessing Research Research program

5. The partitional system with ecological rehabilitation in Suzhou Creek The partitional system with ecological rehabilitation in Suzhou Creek

6. excellent Comparable to the best situations without human disturbance; all regional expected species for habitat and stream size, including the most intolerant forms, are present with a full of array of age(size) classes; balanced trophic structure. Class 1 excellent Comparable to the best situations without human disturbance; all regional expected species for habitat and stream size, including the most intolerant forms, are present with a full of array of age(size) classes; balanced trophic structure. Class 1 good The values of the biological quality elements for the surface water body type show low levels of distortion resulting from human activity, but deviate only slightly from those normally associated with the surface water body type under undisturbed conditions. Class 2 good The values of the biological quality elements for the surface water body type show low levels of distortion resulting from human activity, but deviate only slightly from those normally associated with the surface water body type under undisturbed conditions. Class 2 fair The values of the biological quality elements for the surface water body type deviate moderately from those normally associated with the surface water body type under undisturbed conditions. The values show moderate signs of distortion resulting from human activity and are significantly more disturbed than under conditions of good status. Class 3 fair The values of the biological quality elements for the surface water body type deviate moderately from those normally associated with the surface water body type under undisturbed conditions. The values show moderate signs of distortion resulting from human activity and are significantly more disturbed than under conditions of good status. Class 3 Partitional system -- ceocolog part 1

7. poor Waters showing evidence of major alterations to the values of the biological quality elements for the surface water body type and in which the relevant biological communities deviate substantially from those normally associated with the surface water body type under undisturbed conditions, shall be classified as poor. Class 4 poor Waters showing evidence of major alterations to the values of the biological quality elements for the surface water body type and in which the relevant biological communities deviate substantially from those normally associated with the surface water body type under undisturbed conditions, shall be classified as poor. Class 4 bad Waters showing evidence of severe alterations to the values of the biological quality elements for the surface water body type and in which large portions of the relevant biological communities normally associated with the surface water body type under undisturbed conditions are absent, shall be classified as bad. Class 5 bad Waters showing evidence of severe alterations to the values of the biological quality elements for the surface water body type and in which large portions of the relevant biological communities normally associated with the surface water body type under undisturbed conditions are absent, shall be classified as bad. Class 5 Partitional system -- ceocolog part 2

8. integrity structure and function structure and function self-purification self-purification The general principals in assessing the course of ecological rehabilitation in Suzhou Creek

9. composition of living things composition of living things microbe microbe self-purification self-purification Hydromorphological elements Hydromorphological elements Physical and chemical index Physical and chemical index pollutant pollutant scoring each parameter and use the worst rating method to assess the ecological situation of water body. scoring each parameter and use the worst rating method to assess the ecological situation of water body. Parameters of assessment

10. scientificity combining real eco-condition of the creek with current evaluation method in EU and USA to set up eco-rehabilitation assessment system of Suzhou Creek scientificity combining real eco-condition of the creek with current evaluation method in EU and USA to set up eco-rehabilitation assessment system of Suzhou Creek operability current local technology lever should support such a advanced system operability current local technology lever should support such a advanced system openness this eco-rehabilitation assessment system is an opening profile, the parameter and new technology will be added as the situation of eco- rehabilitation of creek is developing openness this eco-rehabilitation assessment system is an opening profile, the parameter and new technology will be added as the situation of eco- rehabilitation of creek is developing What kind of criteria used in constructing of eco-assessment system?

11. hydrophyte hydrophyte benthic invertebrates benthic invertebrates fish integrity fish integrity Why should we choose fish? 1. fish is on the top of food chain of creek ecosystem 2. Its change is influenced by habitate, including physical,chemical and biological condition 3. Compared with other methods, fish taxology relatively suitable (local ability) 4. A highlight of public concern Composition of aquatic living things

12. Fecal bacteria Fecal bacteria eco-type of bacteria eco-type of bacteria bacteria toxicity bacteria toxicity the fingerprint of microbe community the fingerprint of microbe community microbe

13. the lag phase the lag phase the ability of inherent biodegradation of creek water the ability of inherent biodegradation of creek water following referred to as self-purification following referred to as self-purification Self-purification

14. Fish number of species is low and the trophic structure is not integrity seriously Fish number of species is low and the trophic structure is not integrity seriously Microbe heavy Fecal pollution and moderate eutrophication Microbe heavy Fecal pollution and moderate eutrophication self-purification this kind of ability is decrease in recent years self-purification this kind of ability is decrease in recent years less submerged plant, less invertebrates species and no macrophyta less submerged plant, less invertebrates species and no macrophyta partitional class is 4 (poor) partitional class is 4 (poor) Evaluation results of Suzhou creek in 2008

15. Short-term total number of fish will be increased and the invertivore increase in the proportion of individual fecal bacteria reach the recreational water standard class C which is suggested by WHO have a stable value on self-purification Short-term total number of fish will be increased and the invertivore increase in the proportion of individual fecal bacteria reach the recreational water standard class C which is suggested by WHO have a stable value on self-purification Medium-term more fish species occurrence in the creek and set up a Reasonable trophic structure in community. Intolerant fish species occurrence; fecal bacteria reach the recreational water standard class B which is suggested by WHO, the assessment result of fecal pollution reach medium lever; ability of self-purification increas. Medium-term more fish species occurrence in the creek and set up a Reasonable trophic structure in community. Intolerant fish species occurrence; fecal bacteria reach the recreational water standard class B which is suggested by WHO, the assessment result of fecal pollution reach medium lever; ability of self-purification increas. long-term the habitate of intolerant fish species will be set up and fish community constituted by various age population; fecal bacteria reach the recreational water standard class A which is suggested by WHO, the assessment result of fecal pollution reach good lever less heterotrophic bacteria and self-purification ability will be moderate. long-term the habitate of intolerant fish species will be set up and fish community constituted by various age population; fecal bacteria reach the recreational water standard class A which is suggested by WHO, the assessment result of fecal pollution reach good lever less heterotrophic bacteria and self-purification ability will be moderate. The goal of eco-rehabilitation in Suzhou Creek

16. Parameters assessment Parameters assessment in eco-rehabilitation of Suzhou Creek in eco-rehabilitation of Suzhou Creek

17. fish communities survey fish communities survey

18. Excellent comparable to pristine conditions, exceptional assemblage of species balanced trophic structure. Excellent comparable to pristine conditions, exceptional assemblage of species balanced trophic structure. Good decreased species richness, intolerant species in particular. Good decreased species richness, intolerant species in particular. Fair fair intolerant and sensitive species absent; skewed trophic structure,increasing frequency of omnivores and tolerant species. Fair fair intolerant and sensitive species absent; skewed trophic structure,increasing frequency of omnivores and tolerant species. Poor top carnivores and many expected species absent or rare; omnivores and tolerant species dominant. Poor top carnivores and many expected species absent or rare; omnivores and tolerant species dominant. Very poor few species and individuals present; tolerant species and exotics dominant; diseased fish frequent. Very poor few species and individuals present; tolerant species and exotics dominant; diseased fish frequent.

19. Speciese compositiom, Dominant species analysis. Speciese compositiom, Dominant species analysis. Biodiversity. Biodiversity. Composition of fish communities and its integrity assess. Composition of fish communities and its integrity assess. IBI index of biotic integrity IBI index of biotic integrity

20. historical data historical data the data of 1960s-1980s are from Shanghai Museum (whole creek) B. C. Zhou, 2001(whole creek) X.H. Chen, 2006(two section) the data of 1960s-1980s are from Shanghai Museum (whole creek) B. C. Zhou, 2001(whole creek) X.H. Chen, 2006(two section) historical data are very valuables and import, we get the baseline of fish communities from these data set. historical data are very valuables and import, we get the baseline of fish communities from these data set. Data validation in situ (sampling of whole creek in Oct.2008) Data validation in situ (sampling of whole creek in Oct.2008)

21. SS1 BH SS2 HD SS3 HC SS4 BXJ SS5 WNL SS6 ZJL

23. BH get the maximum value in biomass and number of individuals, these species should be consided as native species. BH get the maximum value in biomass and number of individuals, these species should be consided as native species. BXJ this is a intersection (suzhou creek and Mudu creek), so have more species but less individuals compared with upstream. The habitate is not suitable to crap, catfish and bream, because of no aquatic weed. BXJ this is a intersection (suzhou creek and Mudu creek), so have more species but less individuals compared with upstream. The habitate is not suitable to crap, catfish and bream, because of no aquatic weed. WNL less species with fish and the lowest biomass in whole creek. There are mosquito fish, Loach and Hemiculter bleekeri in this section WNL less species with fish and the lowest biomass in whole creek. There are mosquito fish, Loach and Hemiculter bleekeri in this section ZJL most of species in here are not native except mosquito fish, loach and snakehead. Those are typical tolerant fish species and other species, such as crucian carp, bighead, are from Huangpu River. ZJL most of species in here are not native except mosquito fish, loach and snakehead. Those are typical tolerant fish species and other species, such as crucian carp, bighead, are from Huangpu River.

24. 5 orders, 7 families and total of 19 species Cypriniformes (14) Siluriformes (2) Cyprinodontiformes (1) Mugilliformes (1) Perciformes (1)

25. Some of species are occurenced in the whole creek, such as crucian carp, Pseudobrama simony, Pseudorasbora parva and Hemiculter leucisculus. Some of species are occurenced in the whole creek, such as crucian carp, Pseudobrama simony, Pseudorasbora parva and Hemiculter leucisculus. Carp, bream and Culter dabryi, as large species, are living in the upstream(rural area) Carp, bream and Culter dabryi, as large species, are living in the upstream(rural area) mosquito fish, loach and Hemiculter bleekeri, as small specie, are occurrence in the downstream(urban area) mosquito fish, loach and Hemiculter bleekeri, as small specie, are occurrence in the downstream(urban area)

26. The structure of food chian is very simple and vulnerable. Primary and secondary consumer are main component, and few of the species preyed on fish and shrimp The structure of food chian is very simple and vulnerable. Primary and secondary consumer are main component, and few of the species preyed on fish and shrimp In primary consumer, most of them eat algae and debris, few of herbivore. In primary consumer, most of them eat algae and debris, few of herbivore. The feeding structure is more simple in downstream, most of species are zooplankivores and detritivores (larva of insect). The feeding structure is more simple in downstream, most of species are zooplankivores and detritivores (larva of insect).

27. This is a dominant species in the creek. It occurrence at BXJ and upstream. This is a dominant species in the creek. It occurrence at BXJ and upstream.

28. It is also a dominant species, but occurence in the whole creek. It is omnivorous, pelagics, pollution-tolerant and native. It is also a dominant species, but occurence in the whole creek. It is omnivorous, pelagics, pollution-tolerant and native.

30. There are a clear increase with specise at BXJ in 2008, such as carp and bream. only 9 individuals of Pseudobrama simony were captured in 2001 and all of them are living in the upper course (over HC), but in 2008, it is occurenced in the whole creek. It is dominant species The spatial change of fish assemblage

31. The total catch of upper cause in 2008 is much lower than those in 2001. The total catch of upper cause in 2008 is much lower than those in 2001. Lost specise Lost specise Cyprinidae: gobioninae Cyprinidae: gobioninae acheilognathinae acheilognathinae These species were catched little in 2001 (not above 5 individuals) These species were catched little in 2001 (not above 5 individuals) The temporal change of fish assemblage

32. Excellent 53--55 Good 43--47 Fair 35--39 Poor 23--29 Very poor 11--17

34. Short-term species increase, especially pollution- tolerant and sensitive species. the invertivore increase in the proportion of individual. Short-term species increase, especially pollution- tolerant and sensitive species. the invertivore increase in the proportion of individual. Medium-term more fish species occurrence in the creek. The sensetive species occurrence and set up a Reasonable trophic structure in community (Omnivorous and pollution-tolerant species decrease). Prey species occurrence. Medium-term more fish species occurrence in the creek. The sensetive species occurrence and set up a Reasonable trophic structure in community (Omnivorous and pollution-tolerant species decrease). Prey species occurrence. long-term fish population constituted by various age individuals. long-term fish population constituted by various age individuals. Rehabilitation of fish assemblage

35. The native fish species is from Tai river basin. Most of them are small size and suitable to habitate which is low flow and plentiful weed. The native fish species is from Tai river basin. Most of them are small size and suitable to habitate which is low flow and plentiful weed. The concrete bank are builted both of side in the creek and flow rush the bank with tide. No any fish shelter in most of river reach. The concrete bank are builted both of side in the creek and flow rush the bank with tide. No any fish shelter in most of river reach. The fish got in ZJL are all under concrete column of abandoned pier. mosquito fish often hide in the recess of bank in which the flow is slow. The fish got in ZJL are all under concrete column of abandoned pier. mosquito fish often hide in the recess of bank in which the flow is slow. This is the one of reason for Pseudobrama simony to be a Dominant in Suzhou Creek. This is the one of reason for Pseudobrama simony to be a Dominant in Suzhou Creek. The fish community is influenced by river bank seriously

36. BH there are few fish in new landscape HD Terrestrial vegetation zones couldnt reach water body The fish community is influenced by river bank Seriously

37. concrete river bank and flow with waves rapidly. Fish couldnt stay here WNL, concrete river bank and flow with waves rapidly. Fish couldnt stay here The fish got in ZJL are all under concrete column of abandoned pier. ZJL, The fish got in ZJL are all under concrete column of abandoned pier. The fish community is influenced by river bank Seriously

38. BH, shallows and weeds; quantity of fish. The fish community is influenced by river bank Seriously

39. Fish community is useful tool to indicator the course of eco-rehabilitation. It is effective to assess different stage of rehabilitation by IBI in Suzhou Creek. Fish community is useful tool to indicator the course of eco-rehabilitation. It is effective to assess different stage of rehabilitation by IBI in Suzhou Creek. The planning and action of periodical ecological monitoring must be organized by authorities. Monitoring method should be standard and keeping data available. The planning and action of periodical ecological monitoring must be organized by authorities. Monitoring method should be standard and keeping data available. Based on periodical monitoring, some ecological intervention can be conducted in a timely manner to keeping the right direction of eco-rehabilitation at Suzhou Creek. Based on periodical monitoring, some ecological intervention can be conducted in a timely manner to keeping the right direction of eco-rehabilitation at Suzhou Creek. Summary

40. The status of micro-organisms in the eco-rehabitation of Suzhou Creek

41. Indicator 1 - fecal bacteria For the class 2 contact, the demand of environmental protection and landscape, water quality limited to fecal coliform as 1000cfu/ml, enterococci as 1000cfu/100ml For the class 2 contact, the demand of environmental protection and landscape, water quality limited to fecal coliform as 1000cfu/ml, enterococci as 1000cfu/100ml Based on WHO microbiological safety evaluation, the upper reaches of the Suzhou Creek is belong to class C (5-10% risk of acute gastroenteritis,1.9-3.9% acute febrile respiratory disease), downstream is class D (10% of the gastroenteritis risk, 3.9% acute febrile respiratory disease). Based on WHO microbiological safety evaluation, the upper reaches of the Suzhou Creek is belong to class C (5-10% risk of acute gastroenteritis,1.9-3.9% acute febrile respiratory disease), downstream is class D (10% of the gastroenteritis risk, 3.9% acute febrile respiratory disease). Based on WHO Fecal pollution class, its belong to poor and very poor. So the water in Suzhou river can not be contacted with human body. Based on WHO Fecal pollution class, its belong to poor and very poor. So the water in Suzhou river can not be contacted with human body. Now the ongoing recreational activities, such as dragon boat races on Suzhou Creek, is not full-body contact, but still a near water contact, so there is a real risk on gastro-intestinal diseases if someone make such activities in Suzhou Creek. Now the ongoing recreational activities, such as dragon boat races on Suzhou Creek, is not full-body contact, but still a near water contact, so there is a real risk on gastro-intestinal diseases if someone make such activities in Suzhou Creek.

42. WHO microbial indicators of recreational water

43. Table 1 Landscape recreational water quality standards Classification standard value ABC Total coliform /L 1000 Fecal coliform /L 2000 Landscape recreational water quality standards The People's Republic of China National Standard - Landscape recreational water quality standards Approved by the State Environmental Protection Agency 1991-03-18 implemented by 1992-02-01

44. Short-term: Short-term: Enterococci and other fecal bacteria indicators in line with WHO microbiological quality of class C. Enterococci and other fecal bacteria indicators in line with WHO microbiological quality of class C. Upstream and downstream of fecal pollution in the same category. Upstream and downstream of fecal pollution in the same category. Medium-term: Medium-term: Enterococci and other fecal indicators reach the calss B of fine standards. Enterococci and other fecal indicators reach the calss B of fine standards. Fecal pollution of the river-wide classification to achieve "moderate" level. Fecal pollution of the river-wide classification to achieve "moderate" level. Long-term: Long-term: Enterococci and other fecal indicators reach class A of standards. Enterococci and other fecal indicators reach class A of standards. Fecal pollution of the river-wide achieve "good" level. Fecal pollution of the river-wide achieve "good" level.

45. Indicator 2 - functional bacterial population functional bacteria: heterotrophic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria and autotrophic bacteria are the best indicators for environmental changes in Suzhou Creek. functional bacteria: heterotrophic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria and autotrophic bacteria are the best indicators for environmental changes in Suzhou Creek. The relationship about heterotrophic bacteria and eutrophication is in the table below: The relationship about heterotrophic bacteria and eutrophication is in the table below: Now, Suzhou river belong to meso-saprobic water. Now, Suzhou river belong to meso-saprobic water. (water quality) /ml The total number of heterotrophic bacteria BOD mg/L (High dirty water)100 000 100~80 (Middle dirty water)100 000~10 000 80~55 (Low dirty water)10 000~1 000 55~30 (sub-clean water)1 000~150 30~10 (clean water)150 10~0

46. Short-term Short-term The total number of heterotrophic bacteria decreased to between 10 3 ~10 4 The total number of heterotrophic bacteria decreased to between 10 3 ~10 4 Middle-term Middle-term The total number of heterotrophic bacteria decreased to between 10 2 ~10 3 The total number of heterotrophic bacteria decreased to between 10 2 ~10 3 Long-term Long-term The total number of heterotrophic bacteria decreased to 150 below The total number of heterotrophic bacteria decreased to 150 below

47. Bacteria instructions of river pollution classification Total coliform Fecal coliform Enteroc occus E.coli

48. Several current indicator of microbe in water quality assessment indicatoradventage Enterococcus human health indicators in Seawater and freshwater. Remaining longer in the water and sediment. Fecal coliform Total coliform Latest fecal contamination can be directed Not suitable for a number of water bodies; growth in soil and water E. coli Human health indicators in freshwater Be able to direct the latest fecal contamination. Be used for fecal contamination tracing. Able to quickly detect

49. E. coli, enterococcus in Suzhou Creek is not only far exceeds the number set by WHO and the USEPA recreational water limits(the minimum required for boating, fishing function), but also not reached the chinese standards. E. coli, enterococcus in Suzhou Creek is not only far exceeds the number set by WHO and the USEPA recreational water limits(the minimum required for boating, fishing function), but also not reached the chinese standards. E.coli and Enterococcus of BXJ following are higher than the upper, Beixinjing is particularly prominent.Monitoring show that there are some uncontrolled pathogenic sources in the creek. E.coli and Enterococcus of BXJ following are higher than the upper, Beixinjing is particularly prominent.Monitoring show that there are some uncontrolled pathogenic sources in the creek.

50. fecal bacteria in the creek

51. Heterotrophic bacteria Indicate eutrophication Anaerobic bacteria Indicate river pollution Autotrophic bacteria Indicate river self- purification capability

52. Heterotrophic bacteria Autotrophic bacteria Anaerobic bacteria

53. Functional bacteria - autotrophy, anaerobic, heterotrophic bacteria count Functional bacteria - autotrophy, anaerobic, heterotrophic bacteria count Anaerobic bacteria in BXJ is the highest, heterotrophic bacteria in ZPL(ZJL) is the highest, autotrophic bacteria in HC is the highest. The nitrogen-containing pollutants in the downstream is very high, and chemical analysis also shows that there are high NH3-N, and NO2-N and low dissolved oxygen in the downstream. The nitrogen-containing pollutants in the downstream is very high, and chemical analysis also shows that there are high NH3-N, and NO2-N and low dissolved oxygen in the downstream.

55. comparing functional bacterial data in different year: the highest value got in 1998, declined in 2001 and 2002, and bounced back in 2008. comparing functional bacterial data in different year: the highest value got in 1998, declined in 2001 and 2002, and bounced back in 2008.

59. Method for monitoring and assessing the self-purification ability of Suzhou Creek

60. Microbial self-purification plays an very important role in self-purification of water bodies Microbial self-purification plays an very important role in self-purification of water bodies

61. Characteristics of microbial self- purification in various stages Initial stagePersistent stageFinal stage Heterotrophic bacteria amount Lag phase of degradation degradation rate Persistently increased, reaching the maximum value Continuously shortening, reaching the minimum value Persistently increased, reaching the maximum value Begin to decrease Begin to prolong gradually Begin to decrease Persistently decreased, reaching the minimum value Reaching the maximum value Persistently decreased, reaching the minimum value Dissolved oxygen BOD:COD Dissolved oxygen, BOD:COD return to normal Water quality gradually improved The stage of Suzhou Creek

62. The main critiria of self-purification in Suzhou Creek is to assess its ability about organic pollutants assimilation and degradation at the present stage. The main critiria of self-purification in Suzhou Creek is to assess its ability about organic pollutants assimilation and degradation at the present stage. Available parameters Available parameters -lag phase of degradation: which indicates the adaptation of microbe community to pollutants -lag phase of degradation: which indicates the adaptation of microbe community to pollutants -degradation rate: which indicates the degradation ability of microbe community -degradation rate: which indicates the degradation ability of microbe community

63. standard manometric respirometry method 28-d standard manometric respirometry method 28-d Sodium acetate Diethylene glycol Paraldehyde The creek water as a sample

64. Data analysis method First-order kinetics is applied to determine the rate of oxygen consumption and CO 2 formation, the following non-linear fit model is used for biodegradation curves with a flat lag phase Y the percent theoretical or chemical oxygen demand, resp. percent CO 2 formation %ThOD %COD %ThCO 2 t time days A the asymptote of curve %ThOD %COD %ThCO 2 K the first-order rate constant days -1 C the lag period days First-order rate constants can be used to calculate the half-life t 1/2 for the test chemical by the equation:

65. sodium acetate, diethylene glycol and paraldehyde were screened by QSAR and confirmed their biodegradable ability is diminishing one by one. sodium acetate, diethylene glycol and paraldehyde were screened by QSAR and confirmed their biodegradable ability is diminishing one by one. Three standard reference chemicals, sodium acetate, diethylene glycol and paraldehyde, were screened out to evaluate the microbial self-purification ability of Suzhou Creek Three standard reference chemicals, sodium acetate, diethylene glycol and paraldehyde, were screened out to evaluate the microbial self-purification ability of Suzhou Creek In case there are any changes of microbial degradability in a river reach, related degradation parameters will be changed. In case there are any changes of microbial degradability in a river reach, related degradation parameters will be changed.

66. The lag phase of three kinds of chemicals was prolong in 2008 compared with those in 2006, it showed that the microbial adaptation weakend in 2008. The lag phase of three kinds of chemicals was prolong in 2008 compared with those in 2006, it showed that the microbial adaptation weakend in 2008. In 2006, half-lives of 3 chemicals were less than 2 days in both the upstream and downstream, while those of diethylene glycol and paraldehyde were prolong in 2008, especially the half-live of paraldehyde in downriver was 2.3 days. In 2006, half-lives of 3 chemicals were less than 2 days in both the upstream and downstream, while those of diethylene glycol and paraldehyde were prolong in 2008, especially the half-live of paraldehyde in downriver was 2.3 days. Comparison analysis between 2006 and 2008 show that both of the degradation rate of sodium acetate, diethylene glycol and paraldehyde of upstream and downstream water samples were decreased in 2008, especially for the degradation of paraldehyde was markedly reduced from 77.82% and 88.73% in 2006 to 35.83% and 65.86% in 2008, respectively. Comparison analysis between 2006 and 2008 show that both of the degradation rate of sodium acetate, diethylene glycol and paraldehyde of upstream and downstream water samples were decreased in 2008, especially for the degradation of paraldehyde was markedly reduced from 77.82% and 88.73% in 2006 to 35.83% and 65.86% in 2008, respectively. Above all, the self-purification capacity and microbial adaptation of Suzhou Creek has been comprehensively weakened in 2008. Above all, the self-purification capacity and microbial adaptation of Suzhou Creek has been comprehensively weakened in 2008.

67. The water samples from Suzhou Creek are collected periodically. Self-purification testing, with various reference, are performed according to a standard manometric respirometry test. By compareing the changes of lag phase and biodegradation rate of samples in different times and sites to assess the microbial adaptability and self-purification capacity in different creek segments. The water samples from Suzhou Creek are collected periodically. Self-purification testing, with various reference, are performed according to a standard manometric respirometry test. By compareing the changes of lag phase and biodegradation rate of samples in different times and sites to assess the microbial adaptability and self-purification capacity in different creek segments. The external input of organic pollutantshas no obvious changes by evaluated the chemical parameters (COD,BOD ……). Nevertheless, the self-purification capacity of HD (upstream) BXJ, JSL (downstream) decreased sharply. The external input of organic pollutants in 2008 has no obvious changes by evaluated the chemical parameters (COD,BOD ……). Nevertheless, the self-purification capacity of HD (upstream) BXJ, JSL (downstream) decreased sharply.

68. The self-purification capacity of upstream has declined obviously into an warning level. It shows that microbe community has been destructed by exogenous chemical substances. The self-purification capacity of upstream has declined obviously into an warning level. It shows that microbe community has been destructed by exogenous chemical substances. The adaptation of downstream water was slightly higher than 2006 to general organic pollutants, but the self-purification capacity for non-degradation organic compound was declined. The adaptation of downstream water was slightly higher than 2006 to general organic pollutants, but the self-purification capacity for non-degradation organic compound was declined. Compared with 2006, the self-purification capacity of Suzhou Creek has been comprehensively weakened, it is a signal to warn the ecosystem deterioration. Compared with 2006, the self-purification capacity of Suzhou Creek has been comprehensively weakened, it is a signal to warn the ecosystem deterioration.