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Figure 1. Hierarchical clustering shown in a heat map of the Mouse Intestinal Tract Chip profiles of samples from mice fed the control diet or the 5% acidic.

Published byGladys Jacobs Modified over 5 years ago

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Presentation on theme: "Figure 1. Hierarchical clustering shown in a heat map of the Mouse Intestinal Tract Chip profiles of samples from mice fed the control diet or the 5% acidic."— Presentation transcript:

1 Figure 1. Hierarchical clustering shown in a heat map of the Mouse Intestinal Tract Chip profiles of samples from mice fed the control diet or the 5% acidic oligosaccharides derived from pectin (pAOS) diet after 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 days of dietary intervention. Red spots represent upregulated and blue spots downregulated bacterial species found in mice fed either of the diets. The darkness of the spots corresponds to the bacterial abundance in the sample. Abbreviation: et rel., and related. From: Dietary Pectin–Derived Acidic Oligosaccharides Improve the Pulmonary Bacterial Clearance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lung Infection in Mice by Modulating Intestinal Microbiota and Immunity J Infect Dis. 2014;211(1): doi: /infdis/jiu391 J Infect Dis | © The Author Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please

2 Figure 2. Correlation between microbiota composition, diet, and fecal concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). In the redundancy analysis, the SCFA concentrations and mice fed either the control diet or the 5% acidic oligosaccharides derived from pectin (pAOS) diet were used as variables. Black circles represent individual mice in the pAOS group, and gray circles represent individual mice in the control group. The size of each circle increases with the duration of dietary intervention. The responding bacterial subgroups differed significantly between groups. Abbreviation: et rel., and related. From: Dietary Pectin–Derived Acidic Oligosaccharides Improve the Pulmonary Bacterial Clearance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lung Infection in Mice by Modulating Intestinal Microbiota and Immunity J Infect Dis. 2014;211(1): doi: /infdis/jiu391 J Infect Dis | © The Author Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please

3 Figure 3. Inflammatory response measured in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the 5% acidic oligosaccharides derived from pectin (pAOS) and control groups on day 1 after endotracheal instillation of sterile agar beads (−), and during the first 4 days after infection (+). A, Number of neutrophils. B, Number of macrophages. C, Keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC) concentration. D, Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) concentration. E, Interleukin 10 (IL-10) concentration. Open circles represent individual mice fed the control diet, and black circles represent individual mice fed the pAOS diet. Bars represent median values. Dotted lines indicate differences between each day of infection within each dietary group, and solid lines indicate differences between the pAOS and control groups on the same day. *P < .05 and **P < .01. From: Dietary Pectin–Derived Acidic Oligosaccharides Improve the Pulmonary Bacterial Clearance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lung Infection in Mice by Modulating Intestinal Microbiota and Immunity J Infect Dis. 2014;211(1): doi: /infdis/jiu391 J Infect Dis | © The Author Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please

4 Figure 4. Immune response in mice fed the 5% acidic oligosaccharides derived from pectin (pAOS) or control diet on day 1 day after endotracheal instillation of sterile agar beads (−) and during the first 4 days after infection (+). A, Interferon γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin 4 (IL-4) concentrations and the ratio of IFN-γ to IL-4 levels measured in the lungs in the first 4 days. B, t-bet, gata3, and t-bet/gata3 messenger RNA levels measured in the spleen on days 2–4 after infection. Open circles represent individual mice fed the control diet, and black circles represent individual mice fed the pAOS diet. Bars represent median values. Lines indicate differences between each day of infection within each dietary group or between the pAOS and control groups on the same day of infection. *P < .05 and **P < .01. From: Dietary Pectin–Derived Acidic Oligosaccharides Improve the Pulmonary Bacterial Clearance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lung Infection in Mice by Modulating Intestinal Microbiota and Immunity J Infect Dis. 2014;211(1): doi: /infdis/jiu391 J Infect Dis | © The Author Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please

5 Figure 5. Macrophage activation in mice fed the 5% acidic oligosaccharides derived from pectin (pAOS) diet or control diet during the first 4 days after infection. A, nos2, arg1, and nos2/arg1 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels measured in the lungs in the first 4 days. B, nos2 and arg1 mRNA levels and the nos2/arg1 ratio measured in the spleen on days 2–4 after infection. Open circles represent individual mice fed the control diet, and black circles represent individual mice fed the pAOS diet. Bars represent median values. Dotted lines indicate differences between days within each dietary group, and solid lines indicate differences between the pAOS and control groups on the same day of infection. *P < .05 and **P < .01. From: Dietary Pectin–Derived Acidic Oligosaccharides Improve the Pulmonary Bacterial Clearance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lung Infection in Mice by Modulating Intestinal Microbiota and Immunity J Infect Dis. 2014;211(1): doi: /infdis/jiu391 J Infect Dis | © The Author Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please

6 Figure 6. Bacterial load in lungs, assessed as the ratio of the number of bacteria recovered in each mouse and the number of bacteria injected after the first (A) and the second infection (B). Each open circle represents an individual mouse fed the control diet (CTL), and each black circle represents an individual mouse fed 5% acidic oligosaccharides derived from pectin (pAOS). Bars represent median values. *P < .05 and **P < .01. From: Dietary Pectin–Derived Acidic Oligosaccharides Improve the Pulmonary Bacterial Clearance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lung Infection in Mice by Modulating Intestinal Microbiota and Immunity J Infect Dis. 2014;211(1): doi: /infdis/jiu391 J Infect Dis | © The Author Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please

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