1. Volume 117, Issue 1, Pages 191-199 (July 1999)
Cholinergic system modulates growth, apoptosis, and secretion of cholangiocytes from bile duct–ligated rats 
Gene LeSage*, Domenico Alvaro‡, Antonio Benedetti§, Shannon Glaser∥, Luca Marucci§, Leonardo Baiocchi¶, Wendy Eisel#, Alessandra Caligiuri*, Jo Lynne Phinizy∥, Rebecca Rodgers¶, Heather Francis∥, Gianfranco Alpini*,¶,# 
Gastroenterology 
Volume 117, Issue 1, Pages (July 1999)
DOI: /S (99)
Copyright © 1999 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
Western blot analysis (representative blot of 2 experiments) of muscarinic receptors in cholangiocytes from BDL or BDL+vagotomy rats. The intensity of the muscarinic receptor band was 10-fold higher in cholangiocytes from BDL rats than in cholangiocytes from BDL+vagotomy rats.
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /S (99) )
Copyright © 1999 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
Immunohistochemistry for CK-19 in frozen liver sections (n = 6) from (A) BDL and (B) BDL+vagotomy rats. Note that vagotomy induced a marked decrease in the number of ducts compared with BDL control rats (original magnification 125×). (C) Liver section from a BDL+vagotomy rat stained with H&E. Two apoptotic bodies (arrows) appear in the epithelium of a bile duct (arrowhead) that is surrounded by hepatocytes and located in proximity of an enlarged portal space (representative section of 6 examined). (D) Rat liver section 7 days after BDL, vagotomy, and forskolin treatment showing proliferating bile ducts without any evidence of apoptosis. This was seen in the portal spaces examined (representative section of 6 examined; original magnification 100×).
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /S (99) )
Copyright © 1999 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
(A) Gene expression for PCNA (■) and H3-histone (2) was determined by direct RNase protection assay. Autoradiograms (n = 4) were quantified by densitometry. *P < 0.05 vs. cholangiocytes from BDL rats. (B) Effect of long-term administration of forskolin or DMSO on the expression of PCNA (■) and H3-histone (2) mRNAs in cholangiocytes from BDL+vagotomy rats. Forskolin increases the expression of both PCNA and H3-histone mRNAs compared with cholangiocytes from DMSO-treated rats. Autoradiograms (n = 6) were quantified by densitometry. *P < 0.05 vs. cholangiocytes from DMSO-treated BDL+vagotomy rats.
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /S (99) )
Copyright © 1999 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

5. Fig. 4
(A) SR gene expression in cholangiocytes from BDL and BDL+vagotomy rats was measured by direct RNase protection assay. Autoradiograms (n = 4) were quantified by densitometry. *P < 0.05 vs. basal values. (B) Effect of long-term administration of forskolin or DMSO (control) on SR gene expression in cholangiocytes from BDL+vagotomy rats. Forskolin administration increases the expression of SR mRNA in purified cholangiocytes compared with cholangiocytes from DMSO-treated controls. Autoradiograms (n = 6) were quantified by densitometry. *P < 0.05 vs. corresponding basal values.
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /S (99) )
Copyright © 1999 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions

6. Fig. 5
(A) Measurement of basal (■) and secretin (10−7 mol/L; 2)-induced cAMP levels in cholangiocytes from BDL or BDL+vagotomy rats. *P < 0.05 vs. basal cAMP levels of cholangiocytes from BDL rats. **P < 0.05 vs. secretin-induced cAMP levels of cholangiocytes from BDL rats. Data are means ± SE of at least 6 values. (B) Effect of long-term administration of forskolin or DMSO on basal (■) and secretin (10−7 mol/L; 2)-induced cAMP synthesis in cholangiocytes from BDL+vagotomy rats. Forskolin administration increases cAMP levels in cholangiocytes from BDL+vagotomy rats compared with cholangiocytes from DMSO-treated controls. *P < 0.05 vs. basal cAMP levels. **P < 0.05 vs. secretin induced cAMP levels of cholangiocytes from BDL+vagotomy rats treated with DMSO. Data are means ± SE of at least 10 values.
Gastroenterology  , DOI: ( /S (99) )
Copyright © 1999 American Gastroenterological Association Terms and Conditions