1. Elements of Fiction Short Story Unit 1

2. Characters Protagonist-The main character or hero in a story. Antagonists- The character or force that blocks the main character Protagonist/ Antagonists YouTube clip Protagonist/ Antagonists YouTube clip 2

3. Conflict Conflict- Struggle or clash between opposing character(s) or forces. Two types of Conflict- 1. Internal (In) 2. External (Out) 3

4. Conflict Internal Conflict- Takes place within a character’s own mind. 1. MAN vs. SELF- When the character is struggling with themselves on the inside Example: Having to choose whether or not to tell your friend that her boyfriend is cheating on her. 4

5. Conflict External Conflict: A character struggles against an outside source MAN vs. Man- One character against another. Example: Protagonist vs. antagonist MAN vs. Nature- A character faces a force of nature (weather, animals, or the wilderness.) Example: Men on boat vs. Jaws, man lost in snow storm. MAN vs. Society-A character is in conflict with a group or the values of a society/community. Example: The Districts vs. The Capitol in The Hunger Games 5

6. Plot- What happens in the story, the sequence Exposition-Characters, setting, and conflict introduced. Rising Action-The conflict and situation becomes more complicated and intense; sometimes more conflicts arise. Climax-The highest point of action and suspense; the turning point. Falling Action-Events that happen after the turning point that lead to the eventual outcome of the story. Resolution-The outcome of the conflict and what follows. Plot clip 6

7. Circle the 5 parts to a PLOT 7

8. Literary Device- Tools used by the author to improve the written word and voice to the text. Foreshadow -Clues that hint at events that will happen later in the story. Irony-When the opposite of what is expected occurs. Suspense- Feeling of excitement or uncertain about what will happen. Metaphor - Comparing two unlike things. Example: Don’t judge a book by its cover. It’s raining cats and dogs. 8

9. Literary Devices Simile- A comparison of two unlike things using like or as. Example: As busy as a bee. Sleep like a baby. Mood-Overall feeling or emotion of the story. Setting- The time, place, and mood (feeling given to reader) of a story. Theme-The underlying message of a story, what the author wants us to learn. Main idea and the overall message. 9

10. Literary Devices Flashback- When the narrator goes back to an earlier event. Personification- Giving human characteristics to non- human things. Example: Lighting danced across the sky. Allusion- The reference to a place, person, or something that happened. Example: Pinocchio’s nose grown is an allusion to lying. Symbolism- The use of symbols to represent people, objects, or ideas. Example: The American Flag represents freedom. 10

11. Characterization- The way the author describes the characters. Direct Characterization –Telling. You are told what the characters personality is. Example: The patient boy and quiet girl were well mannered. Indirect Characterization –Showing. When the author gives us hints to help us INFER what the character is like. Indirect Characterization Clues Include: Examples from Frozen clip Examples from Frozen clip Speech, say or speak Thoughts or feelings Relationships with others Actions, how behave Looks like or dress 11

12. Character Types- A person, animal, thing, or forces in the story. Flat -A character who is not described in great detail and only has one character trait. Round -A character who is well developed; we can list several detail about the round character. Static-A character whose personality or values do not change. Dynamic character- A character that changes in an important way during a story. Ebenezer Scrooge in The Christmas Carol 12

13. Point of View- Perspective from which a story is told. 1 st Person- The narrator who is a character tells the story using pronoun I. Example: I was walking down the road and saw two men staring into a house. 3 rd person limited-An outside narrator tells the story but is limited by only seeing into the main character’s head. Uses He and She. Example: Mary was walking down the road and saw two men staring into a house. She immediately was suspicious and called the cops. 3 rd person Omniscient -An all knowing narrator tells the story, he knows ALL characters’ thoughts and feelings. 13