1. WAR Ed

2. Basic Training  Basic Military Training (BMT), also called Basic Combat Training, Recruit Training and Boot Camp- meant to prepare a new recruit for being a soldier.  Resocialization- process of breaking down a recruit to reform them to a more suitable condition for military operation. WW I and Vietnam  World War I, Major General William Biddle of the Marine Corps instituted changes to the very primitive Marines training  Hand to hand combat training implemented for new recruits during war because trench warfare led to the most difficult hand to hand combat in hundreds of years.  Vietnam War, abuse in boot camp was extremely common. Many believe that this abuse transferred to the violence used by these soldiers in Vietnam. Mary Catherine http://www.dix.army.mil/history/history.htm http://www.articlecity.com/articles/men/article_37.shtml http://www.lib.utah.edu/epubs/undergrad/vol6/johnson.html

3. War Recruits  Exposed to a number of pressures not present in their everyday lives (aggression & yelling) ‏  Required to perform many tedious and seemingly meaningless tasks, such as folding one’s clothes or shining one’s shoes, in order to get the recruits accustomed to taking orders.  Taught drill, responding to commands without hesitation, helps recruits move in formation evenly when in service and conditions them for taking orders.  Intense physical training in order to weed out the less able and the unwilling and to get them in shape for the conditions of battle. Mary Catherine

4. The Draft The Selective Service System was used to recruit soldiers for war. It was instituted on March 18, 1917. It was used in World War I, World War II, and the Vietnam War. Many people who were called for the draft fled to Mexico or Canada in order to avoid serving. Ed http://www.jewishgen.org/infofiles/wwidraft.htmhttp://www.jewishgen.org/infofiles/wwidraft.htm http://www.landscaper.net/draft.htm

5. WAR Created by: Mary Catherine Andrew Ed http://www.vietnampix.com/faces2b.htmEd

6. General Adaptation Syndrome Defined by Hans De Solye in the 1920’s, this describes the body’s short-term and long-term reactions to stress. Humans suffer stress from physical and mental stressors. Physical stressors may include starvation, being severely injured, or suffering from severe weather. Mental stressors include losing a loved one or having a bad day. Huethner suggests that long-term stress may help an individual adapt to his or her environment. http://www.answers.com/topic/general-adaptation-syndrome-1 Andrew

7. The 3 Stages of GAS Step 1 -- Alarm Reaction: This is the immediate reaction to a stressor. During the first phase of stress, humans exhibit a ”fight or flight” response so that one can be ready for physical activity. This reaction can make the subject more vulnerable to illness because the immune system is weakened by the reaction. Step 2 – Resistance: Also called Adaptation, the body makes changes in order to adapt to a continuous stressor. For example, if a person is suffering from starvation the body may reduce desire for physical activity to conserve energy, or, maximize the absorption of nutrients. Step 3 – Exhaustion: Due to sustained exposure to the stressor, the body’s resistance may diminish or disappear altogether. Due to the decreased immunity to disease, the body may succumb to illness such as severe infection. http://www.healthatoz.com/healthatoz /Atoz/common/standard/transform.js p?requestURI=/healthatoz/Atoz/ency/ general_adaptation_syndrome.jsp Andrew

8. Treatment Treatment of stress-related illnesses usually falls into three categories: avoiding the stressor, changing one’s reaction to the stressor, and relieving stress after reaction to the stressor. Changing the subject’s reaction to the stressor often includes an analysis of the patient’s individual responses to the stress. Many contemporary stress reduction methods including exercising and listening to music reduce stress after it occurs. Anyone seeking to relieve stress should consult a medical professional. A professional can help to analyze stress patterns and create a plan that will be most effective for the individual. http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/General+Adaptation+Syndrome Andrew

9. Sleep Deprivation Most men and women prefer to have at least 7 to 8 hours of sleep every night. Continuous sleep is better than short naps even if the naps add up to more actual sleep. CWE’s (continuous work episodes) are frequently experienced by military personnel. In the past, personnel have been limited in these events by poor night vision, unreliable equipment and lack of endurance due to sleep deprivation. Now personnel are primarily limited by endurance. Andrew http://terrorism.about.com/od/s/g/SleepDeprive.htm Sleep deprivation has been commonly used as a means of torture during wartime by many nations including Great Britain, Japan, and the Soviet Union. There has been some debate as to whether or not sleep deprivation is ethical or not, but according to the United Nations, it is torture