1. Industrial Revolution Its effects on Life.

2. Industrial Revolution A shift in the 1700’s – 1900s where people stopped making goods by hand and began making goods by machines.

3. Cottage Industry When people produce goods in their homes for others for a profit.

4. Steam Engine by James Watt A key invention of the Industrial Revolution was the steam engine. This invention could provide the power needed to run many different machines. Used to power the Steamboat, Trains and machines in factories.

5. Robert Fulton’s Steamboat Made the transportation of goods and people much more quicker and cheaper. The cost to ships goods went down, and the profits to farmers and manufactures go up. Steamboats replaced the transporation of goods by canal obsolete.

6. The Railroads Throughout the 1800’s the United States began to lay railroads across the nation. This network of railroads helped to link different regions of the nation together. This allowed to ship goods and people greater distances more quickly. This image shows the railroad network in the United State in 1870. What do you notice about the railroad network? What does this reveal about the nation in the late 1800s?

7. The Powered Loom – Edmund Cartwright The power loom was used to produce textiles (clothing). The loom wove thread into fabric. This machine made the productions of textiles highly profitable.

8. The Industrial Revolution Comes to America Samuel Slater He stole the idea of the powered loom from Cartwright. He built the first successful textile mill in America. Francis Cabot Lowell took the technology brought by Slater and built a factory in Massachusetts that not only spun cotton into yarn, but also wove it into cloth. The mill was so successful a town sprung up around it. The town of Lowell, MA still exists today.

9. Lowell’s Mill Was built next to a river to use the river’s flow of water to power the factories’ machines (hydraulic power) It employed primarily young farm girls to work in his factories. They worked a 12 ½ hour workday. They were paid very well for their work, they earned $2 - $4 dollars a week.

10. Factors that led to the Industrialization of New England The region had many free flowing rivers to power early American factories. The shift to manufacturing was easier due to the poor farming conditions. The region had many large seaports to bring in raw materials and ship out manufactured goods. There were many wealthy investors in the region willing to take a risk on manufacturing.

11. Eli Whitney and the Industrial Revolution Interchangeable Parts/Assembly Line He made innovations in manufacturing. Goods were made using identical parts. People would assem This allowed for goods to be produced much quicker and cheaper.

12. Eli Whitney Invented the Cotton Gin,short for “engine” Makes the cleaning of cotton much easier than by hand. Southern plantation owners were able to produce more cotton to be sold to European textile manufacturers. This helped create a high demand for cotton in turn this led to a demand for more slaver labor.

13. Iron Furnace  The Iron furnace was an improvement in the production of Iron.  This made the production of Iron more cost efficient.  The iron produced could be used to build structures that were stronger and lasted longer.

14. Bessemer Steel Process & it’s Significance Henry Bessemer created a method to make steel from Iron ore. Steel created in the method was very strong and suited the need of Railroad corporation which used steel beams to build railroad tracks. In addition with out Bessemer steel, skyscrapers, like the ones in New York and other Major cities, could not be built

15. Samuel Morse’s Telegraph The telegraph uses an electoral signal to send messages. The telegraph was more efficient at delivering messages quicker than any other method at the time. Samuel Morse developed a special code, a.k.a Morse code, to transmit messages. This is the 1 st telecommunication device and it only sent text messages.

16. Cyrus McCormick Invented the McCormick reaper What it does? It allows a farmer to more quickly harvest their crops. Why it is important. It helped to increase the agricultural productivity of farmers. More food was produced which meant more people could be fed and at cheaper cost.

17. Other notable Inventors and Inventions Alexander Graham Bell Telephone Thomas Edison Incandescent Light Bulb, Phonograph Elias Howe/ Isaac Singer Sewing Machine

18. The effects of the Industrial Revolution Increased the productivity of farmers, food could be produced more cheaply, and in greater quantities. Factories attracted many people to move from the country side to cities. Cities grew in population as more people moved to take jobs in factories. As cities grew so did problems (overcrowding and pollution). Goods were produced much more quickly and efficiently, and were more affordable to the average worker. The quality of life improved for many. Manufacturers changed the way they marketed goods to people. People’s quality of life increased as more luxury goods were available to them.