1. Ch. 1 Introduction to Chemistry

2. Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space

3. Chemistry The study of the composition of matter and the changes that matter undergoes

4. 5 Major Areas of Study 1.Organic Chemistry 2.Inorganic Chemistry 3.Analytical Chemistry 4.Physical Chemistry 5.Biochemistry

5. Organic Chemistry All substances containing carbon

6. Inorganic Chemistry Substances without carbon

7. Analytical Chemistry Concerned with the composition of substances

8. Physical Chemistry Theories and experiments that describe the behavior of chemicals

9. Biochemistry The study of chemistry of living organisms

10. Pure Chemistry The pursuit of chemical knowledge for its own sake

11. Applied Chemistry Research that is directed towards a practical goal or application

12. Macroscopic Objects that are large enough to be seen with the unaided eye

13. Microscopic Objects that can be seen only under magnification

14. Alchemy Alchemists were searching for a way to turn other substances (i.e. lead) into gold They developed the tools and techniques for working with chemicals

15. Scientific Method One logical, systematic approach to the solution of scientific problems. Steps include: 1.Making observations 2.Testing hypothesis 3.Developing theories

17. Observation Use your senses to obtain information directly

18. Hypothesis A proposed explanation for an observation based on previous knowledge (or research) Must be specific Must be testable Is only useful if it accounts for what is actually observed

19. Experiment A means to test a hypothesis

20. Manipulated Variable (Independent Variable) The variable that you can change Time Temperature Volume Speed Pressure Independent Variable

21. Responding Variable (Dependent Variable) The variable that is observed during the experiment Dependent Variable

22. For the results of an experiment to be accepted the experiment must produce the same results no matter how many times it is repeated or by whom

23. Theory A broad and extensively tested explanation of why experiments give certain results. A theory can NEVER be proven because a new experiment can always disprove it

25. Scientific Law A concise statement that summarizes the results of many observations and experiments. Scientific law describes natural phenomena without attempting to explain it