1. Dynamic Delivery for enhancing persuasive speech

2. Packaging impacts how people receive a gift; the packaging of your speech impacts the how people receive your message.

3. Voice Authority. Avoid saying every sentence as though you are asking a question. Also avoid fillers like “um,” “uh,” “like,” “y’know,” “ok,” “yea,” “and stuff,” etc. Beware: the California accent!

4. Projection. Make sure your speech is heard by every one. Take breaths from and speak from the diaphragm. Pitch. Use a range of tones (inflection), from high (or shrill) tones to low (or deep) tones. Baseline: speak with the deeper part of your voice—it sounds better. Volume. Speak with fullness or power of sound. If you speak loudly for most of the speech, you may speak softly at certain points, for effect. Stress. Make pitch and volume work together to emphasize certain words/phrases. Articulation. Enunciate those distinct syllables. Do not mumble. Do not slur words together.

5. Accuracy. Pronounce words correctly. When speaking about nuclear weapons, George W. Bush invariably pronounces the word "nucular." Is this an acceptable pronunciation? Not really. Changing "nu-clee-ar" into "nu-cu-lar" is an example of what linguists call metathesis, which is the switching of two adjacent sounds. (Think of it this way: "nook le yer" becomes "nook ye ler.") This switching is common in English pronunciation…. Why do people do it? One reason, offered in a usage note in the American Heritage Dictionary, is that the "ular" ending is extremely common in English, and much more common than "lear." Consider particular, circular, spectacular, and many science-related words like molecular, ocular, muscular. Bush isn't the only American president to lose the "nucular" war. In his "On Language" column in the New York Times Magazine in May 2001, William Safire lamented that, besides Bush, at least three other presidents—Eisenhower, Carter, and Clinton—have mangled the word. Kate Taylor, Slate Magazine

6. Rate. Control and vary the speed at which your words are spoken. Typically, people speak 150 words per minute = 1/2 to 2/3 of a double- spaced, typed page. Pause. Use a temporary stop or beat for emphasis or transition.

7. Word coloring. When appropriate, say a word in a way that portrays its meaning. Animation. Present with liveliness, enthusiasm, sincerity, and passion. (If you are not even interested in your own speech, why should we be?)

8. Body Stance. Stand tall, to full height. Stand on both feet. Feet are shoulder-width apart. Stand on the whole of each foot. Do not rock back and forth or side to side. Hips carry the weight of the upper body. Shoulders relaxed, carrying arms like coat hanger.

9. Openness. Open –Toes pointed front or out –Head held high –Chest exposed –Arms not attached to sides –Palm outward Closed –Hangs head –Folded arms across chest –Crossed legs –Shoulders raised or slumped forward –Hidden hands –The self hug –The body says ‘keep out’

10. Persona. Find a balance between these two extremes: robot and rock star Ease. Try not to wring your hands or play with your hair or make other nervous gestures that signal to the audience how uncomfortable you are. Gesture. You may use both hands symmetrically—it looks nice. The singular hand gesture more strongly emphasizes an important point. Gestures should be purposeful, not forced/unnatural so as to be distracting. Also wide and flowing, not tight and rigid. Don’t point. Do the crab.

11. Face. Openness. Make your face clearly seen and uncovered. (Do not read from notes. PowerPoint slides are for audience members to follow along, not for you to rely on.) Eyes. Make eye contact with different members of the audience. Make each listener feel as though you are speaking directly to him or her. Do NOT direct your attention to only the instructor. Share attention equally over each section of the room.

12. Smile. During Thomas Jefferson's presidency he and a group of travelers were crossing a river that had overflowed its banks. Each man crossed on horseback fighting for his life. A lone traveler watched the group traverse the treacherous river and then asked President Jefferson to take him across. The president agreed without hesitation, the man climbed on, and the two made it safely to the other side of the river where somebody asked him: "Why did you select the President to ask this favor?" The man was shocked, admitting he had no idea it was the President of the United States who had carried him safely across. "All I know," he said, "is that on some of your faces was written the answer 'No' and on some of them was the answer 'Yes.' His was a 'Yes' face.“ --“A 'Yes' Face,” Charles Swindoll

13. Tips Focus on what you are talking about rather than focusing on yourself. Shift from 'me' to 'message' Select a spot just above the heads of the audience at the far end of the place you are talking in. When you talk to it, it will appear as if you are talking to everybody, including those way at the back. Practice Looking FROM your Notes to your Audience. If you are reading, the temptation is to do just that. You stay head down for the whole of your talk. This is BORING for your audience. And rude. Double space and number your notes. Use a clear font and mark the major points with a highlighter. This will lessen the possibility of losing your place when look up to meet your audience. Use markers in the room to designate portions of your speech as cues