1. THE ENLIGHTENMENT Introduction and Overview If men were angels, no government would be necessary “If men were angels, no government would be necessary.” James Madison

2. BRAINSTORM WHY PURPOSE 1.) “WHY do (did) people create governments?” & “What PURPOSE does government serve in society?” IDEAS ABOUT GOVERNMENT 2.) “Where did we (Western society) get our IDEAS ABOUT GOVERNMENT?” INFLUENCE INTERACT 3.) “How do you INFLUENCE the government?” & “How do governments INTERACT with their people?” 17 TH CENTURY ENLIGHTENMENT PHILOSOPHERS BEGIN TO ASK THESE QUESTIONS… THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION VS. THE ENLIGHTENMENT THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION WAS ALL ABOUT QUESTIONING THE PHYSICAL/NATURAL WORLD ENLIGHTENMENT THINKERS FOCUSED ON ISSUES THROUGHOUT SOCIETY

3. “WHAT IS?” & INTRODUCTION TO… THE ENLIGHTENMENT TALE OF THE TAPE WHEN Mid-1600s until late 1790s WHO PHILOSOPHES, Scholars & Intellectuals WHAT “Cultural, intellectual & social movement emphasizing REASON & INDIVIDUALISM rather than tradition.” WHERE Western Europe; primarily France & England WHY …to REFORM SOCIETY using reason, to CHALLENGE PRE-EXISTING IDEAS grounded in tradition & faith… to ADVANCE KNOWLEDGE through the scientific method. ENLIGHTENMENT INTELLECTUALS RE-EXAMINED ALL ASPECTS OF SOCIETY HUMAN NATURE, GOVERNMENT, JUSTICE, RELIGION & WOMEN’S RIGHTS…

4. “WHY STUDY THE ENLIGHTENMENT?” Separation of Powers Three Branches, Checks & Balances Separation of Powers (Three Branches, Checks & Balances) Representative Government Consent of the Governed Representative Government (‘Consent of the Governed’) Civil Rights Liberties the BOR Civil Rights & Liberties, the BOR! “If there is something you know, communicate it. If there is something you don't know, search for it.” The DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE USA The DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE & USA! The FRENCH REVOLUTION The FRENCH REVOLUTION!