2. MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 27th, Aug 2007 Lakshmikanthan Balaji Application Engineer

3. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200533 MiCOM P125 P126 & P127

4. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200544 P125: Directional / Non Directional Single Phase And Earth Fault Protection MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 The Range

5. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200555  P126: Three phase Overcurrent & directional/non directional earth fault protection  P127: Directional / non directional three- phase Overcurrent & directional /non directional earth fault protection MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 The Range

6. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200566 MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Applicability

7. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200577  Transmission/sub-transmission  Distribution  Generation and co-generation MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Applications

8. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200588  Industry  Transport underground and railway MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Applications

9. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200599 Inputs and Outputs Configurable LEDs Configurable Local and remote setting change Nominal Values of CT and VT Inputs Settable 2 Independent Setting Groups All Main Functions Configurable Wide Range Power Supply MiCOM P125

10. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200510 Inputs and Outputs Configurable LEDs Configurable Local and remote setting change Programmable AND Logic Nominal Values of CT and VT Inputs Settable 2 Independent Setting Groups All Main Functions Configurable Wide Range Power Supply MiCOM P126 & P127

11. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200511 MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Protection & Control Features

12. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200512 MiCOM MiCOM MiCOM P125 P126 P127 Directional/non Directional three Phase Overcurrent Three phase Overcurrent Under current 50/51 67/50/51 32N Earth Wattmetric / IeCos  46 BC 37 Broken Conductor Detector FUNCTIONS 67N/50N/ 51N Directional/non Directional Earth Fault Overcurrent ANSI codes MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Protections

13. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200513 ANSI MiCOM MiCOM MiCOM codes P125 P126 P127 Negative Sequence Overcurrent Under Voltage Thermal Overload Over Voltage 46 49 27 59N 59 Residual Over Voltage Circuit Breaker Failure 50BF FUNCTIONS MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Protections

14. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200514 79 22 Autoreclose (4 shots) Setting groups Start contacts Blocking Logic Circuit Breaker Control Selective scheme Logic Circuit Breaker Mainten. Cold load Pick Up ANSI MiCOM MiCOM MiCOM codes P125 P126 P127 FUNCTIONS 2 MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Automation Functions

15. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200515 MiCOM MiCOM MiCOM P125 P126 P127 Measurements Events Records Fault Records Disturbance Records FUNCTIONS Switch on to fault (SOTF) Local/Remote functionality and CB control MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Ancillary Functions 51V and VTS Supervision

16. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200516 MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Ancillary Functions MiCOM MiCOM MiCOM P125 P126 P127 FUNCTIONS / PROTOCOLS Diagnostic/self monitoring 4 AND Logic Function Rear Communication RS485 Front Communication RS232 Relays Maintenance mode ModBus RTU Courier and DNP3N.A. IEC 60870 – 5 – 103(VDEW)

17. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200517 MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Line Diagrams

18. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200518 Busbar 52 Residual VT Supervision System Uaux Logic inputs Setting/Con trol Software 67N Trip 59N 86 32N P125 Earth CT L1 L2 L3 L4 Logic outputs Watch Dog RL 4 RL 5 RL 6 RL 1 RL 2 RL 3 RS 232 RS 485 MiCOM P125

19. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200519 52 Residual VT Supervision System Uaux Setting/ Control Software 67N Trip 59N 86 32N P126 Earth CT Logic outputs Watch Dog RL 4 RL 5 RL 6 RL 1 RL 2 RL 3 RS 232 RS 485 Phase CTs 50 51 Logic inputs L1 L2 L3 L4 49 L5 L6 L7 RL 8 RL 7 46 37 50 BF TCS 79 46 BC 50N 51N Busbar SOTF MiCOM P126

20. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200520 Setting/ Control Software Busbar Uaux Trip Earth CT Phase CTs 3 Phase to neutral VTs Supervision System 67N 59N 86 32N P127 Logic outputs Watch Dog RL 4 RL 5 RL 6 RL 1 RL 2 RL 3 RS 232 RS 485 50 51 Logic inputs L1 L2 L3 L4 49 L5 L6 L7 RL 8 RL 7 46 37 50 BF TCS 79 46 BC 50N 51N 67 SOTF 52 MiCOM P127

21. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200521 Residual VT 2 Phase to neutral VTs Setting/ Control Software Uaux Trip Earth CT Phase CTs Supervision System 67N 59N 86 32N P127 Logic outputs Watch Dog RL 4 RL 5 RL 6 RL 1 RL 2 RL 3 RS 232 RS 485 50 51 Logic inputs L1 L2 L3 L4 49 L5 L6 L7 RL 8 RL 7 46 37 50 BF TCS 79 46 BC 50N 51N 67 SOTF Busbar 52 MiCOM P127

22. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200522 Busbar 52 Residual VT Uaux Trip Earth CT Phase CTs Supervision System Setting/ Control Software P127 Logic outputs Watch Dog RL 4 RL 5 RL 6 RL 1 RL 2 RL 3 RS 232 RS 485 Logic inputs L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7 RL 8 RL 7 2 Phase to Phase VTs 67N 59N 86 32N 50 51 49 46 37 50 BF TCS 79 46 BC 50N 51N 67 SOTF MiCOM P127

23. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200523 MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Physical Features

24. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200524  P125: two analogue inputs  One current input (phase/earth fault current)  One voltage input (residual/phase voltage)  P126: five analogue inputs  Three phase current inputs  Earth fault current input  Residual voltage input  P127: seven analogue inputs  Three phase current inputs  Earth fault current input  Three voltage inputs MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Current and Voltage Inputs

25. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200525 MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Current and Voltage Inputs  Current - separate terminals for the 1A and 5A windings  One phase current range from 0.1 in to 40 in  Three earth fault current inputs range defined by ordering code 0.002 to 1 Ien 0.01 to 8 Ien 0.1 to 40 Ien  Voltage  Two voltages input range defined by ordering code 57V to 130V 220V to 480V

26. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200526 MiCOM P127 Current and Voltage Inputs  The P127 relay voltage inputs can be configured by SW for connection to:  3 Phase-to-Neutral external VTs  2 Phase-to-Neutral + Residual external VTs  2 Phase-to-Phase + Residual external VTs

27. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200527 MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Communication

28. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200528 MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Communication  RS232 front communication port  PC Setting Software: MiCOM S1  Software Upgrade by downloading on flash memory using the front port  RS485 rear communication port  Protocols available by ordering code Modbus RTU standard IEC 60870-5-103

29. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200529 RS 232 communication port RS232 terminal pin connection MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Communication

30. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200530 RS 485 rear communication port MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Communication

31. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200531  RS232 front communication port  To download the firmware  For Setting and parameters using S1  Measurements (voltage, frequency, Power, Metering, peak and rolling demand) using S1  Extracting of Records (event, fault, disturbance) by S1 and analisys by Wave Win Software  Remote interface by SCADA system or also using S1 soft.:  RS485 rear communication port  Protocols available by ordering code Modbus RTU standard IEC 60870-5-103 MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Communication

32. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200532 MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Protection and Control Functions

33. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200533 MiCOM P127 - Directional / non directional 3 Phase Overcurrent Protection (67/50/51)

34. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200534  Three directional / non directional three phase overcurrent thresholds  Directional phase elements internally polarised by quadrature with the relevant phase to phase voltage  Synchronous polarisation for the collapse of the phase to phase voltage Directional / non directional three phase Overcurrent MiCOM P127 Protection and Control Functions

35. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200535  First and second threshold with:  Definite trip delay time  or Inverse trip delay time IEC, ANSI/IEEE, RI and RECT curves available Definite reset time available on IEC and RI curves Definite or Inverse time on IEEE/ANSI curves  2nd and 3rd threshold pickup can suspend 1st threshold output control to save selectivity  Definite trip delay time for third thresholds with the possibility choosing the trip on peak detect to save the functionality in case of saturation of the current transformers. Directional / non directional three phase Overcurrent MiCOM P127 Protection and Control Functions

36. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200536 I>t I>>t I>>>t I>t I>>t I>>>t MiCOM P126 P127 Protection and Control Functions 1st threshold suspended by 2nd and 3rd threshold pickup t I I>>I> t_I> I> >> >>> Interlock NO t I I>>I> t_I>> I> >> >>> Interlock YES t_I>>> I>>>

37. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200537 MiCOM P127 Protection and Control Functions  Each threshold independently settable as directional / non directional.  Each directional threshold with independent setting of characteristic angle and trip zone.  Reverse zone signal available for each directional thresholds. Directional three phase Overcurrent

38. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200538 MiCOM P127 Protection and Control Functions  Trip conditions:  I phase thresholds exceeded in module  I phase current vector in the tripping zone Directional three phase Overcurrent Forward and reverse zone

39. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200539 MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 - Directional / non directional Earth Fault Protection (67N/50N/51N)

40. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200540 MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Protection and Control Functions  Three current threshold ranges selected by ordering code:  From 0.100 to 40 Ien [ A version]  From 0.010 to 8 Ien [ B version]  From 0.002 to 1 Ien [ C version]  Three thresholds  Each threshold independently settable as directional / non directional  Each directional threshold with independent setting of characteristic angle and trip zone. Directional / non directional Earth Fault Overcurrent

41. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200541 MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Protection and Control Functions  Directional / non directional Earth Fault Overcurrent:  Reverse zone signal available for each directional thresholds.  Residual voltage setting in all directional thresholds.  Ie + Ue threshold to prevent unwanted trips due to CT and VT errors.  Trip Conditions:  Ie and Ue thresholds exceeded in module  Ie current vector in the tripping zone  Ien=1A: Ie [mA] + Ue [V] > 18  Ien=5A: Ie [mA] + 5 x Ue [V] > 90

42. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200542 MiCOM P127 Protection and Control Functions  First and second threshold with:  Definite trip delay time  or Inverse trip delay time IEC, ANSI/IEEE, RI and RECT curves available Definite reset time available on IEC and RI curves Definite or Inverse time on IEEE/ANSI curves  2nd and 3rd threshold pickup can suspend 1st threshold output saving the selectivity  Definite trip delay time for third thresholds with the possibility choosing the trip on peak detect to save the functionality against of the current transformers saturation. Directional / non directional three phase Overcurrent

43. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200543 MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Protection and Control Functions  Trip conditions:  Ie and Ue thresholds exceeded in module  Ie current vector in the tripping area  Ien=1A:  Ie [mA] + Ue [V] > 18  Ien=5A:  Ie [mA] + 5 x Ue [V] > 90 Directional Earth Fault Overcurrent Forward and reverse zone

44. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200544 MiCOM P 125 P126 & P127 - Wattmetric & IeCos  Earth Fault Protection (32N/IeCos  )

45. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200545 MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Protection and Control functions  Operation mode selectable:  Pe: residual active power  IeCosφ: active earth fault current component  Two thresholds (Pe>; Pe>>) or (IeCos>; IeCos>>  First threshold with:  Definite trip delay time  or Inverse trip delay time IEC, ANSI/IEEE, RI and RECT curves available Definite reset time available on IEC and RI curves Definite or Inverse time on IEEE/ANSI curves Wattmetric & IeCos  Earth Fault Protection

46. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200546 MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Protection and Control Functions  Definite trip delay time for second and third thresholds  Setting characteristic angle  c for the thresholds  Pe= Ue x Ie x Cos (  –  c )  Internal Automatic setting adaptation for 1/5A Ien  IeCos(  –  c )   = Ue^Ie  Accuracy range of Pe and IeCos measurement: 85°<  <+ 85°  IeSin  available by adding 90° to the characteristic angle  c Wattmetric & IeCos  Earth Fault Protection

47. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200547 E/F Icos  Ue = Residual voltage Ue’ = Polarisation voltage after RCA setting Iecos  ’ = Active component referred to Ue’ Iesin  ’ = Reactive component referred to Ue’ Ue Ue’ RCA Ie Iesin  ’ Iecos  ’ Trip zone Ue Ue’ RCA Ie Iesin  ’ Iecos  ’ Trip zone Earth Wattmetric/IeCos  Protection MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Protection and Control Functions

48. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200548 Wattmetric (32N) / IeCos  Earth Fault Protection Tripping Zone (  c =0°) Q/Iesin Pe> Pe>> Iecos> Iecos>> P/Iecos Tripping Zone 5° MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Protection and Control Functions

49. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200549 MiCOM P126 P127 Protection and Control Functions  Additional Protection Functions  Negative Sequence Overcurrent (46)  Thermal Overload (Thermal Replica) (49)  Broken Conductor (46 BC)  Undercurrent (37)  Residual Overvoltage (59N)  Three Phase Overvoltage (59)  Three Phase Undervoltage (27)  Breaker Failure  SOTF  Local/ Remote control

50. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200550 MiCOM P126 P127 Protection and Control Functions  Three thresholds  First threshold with: Definite trip delay time Inverse trip delay time: - IEC, ANSI/IEEE, RI and RECT curves available - Definite reset time available on IEC and RI curves - Definite or Inverse time on IEEE/ANSI curves  Second and third thresholds with definite trip delay time Negative Sequence Overcurrent Protection [46]

51. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200551 MiCOM P126 P127 Protection Functions  Applications  HV, MV and LV Cables  HV, MV and LV Transformers  Generators and Motors  In accordance with IEC 60255-8  Constant Time setting  Two thresholds:  Alarm threshold  Trip threshold Thermal Replica Overload Protection [49]

52. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200552 MiCOM P126 P127 Thermal Replica Overload Protection [49]

53. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200553 MiCOM P126 P127 Protection Functions  Broken Conductor Protection [46 BC]  I2/I1 threshold to detect open circuit faults  t I2/I1 Definite trip delay time  Undercurrent Protection [37]  Three phase undercurrent threshold (I<)  Definite trip delay time  Residual Overvoltage [59N]  One independent residual Overvoltage threshold (Ue>>>>) in addition to the thresholds available in directional earth fault.  Definite trip delay time t_Ue>>>>

54. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200554 MiCOM P127 Three Phase Overvoltage [59]  Two overvoltage thresholds  Each threshold independently configurable for AND/OR operating mode  Definite trip time »U»U » A / AB » >..>> » >=1 » TRIP DELAY »U»U » B/BC » >..>> »U»U » C/CA » >..>> »&»& command U A / AB >..>> >=1 TRIP DELAY U B/BC >..>> U C/CA >..>> & AND/OR Trip Alarm Protection Functions

55. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200555 MiCOM P127 Three Phase Undervoltage [27]  Two undervoltage thresholds  Each threshold independently configurable for AND/OR operating mode  Definite trip time U A / AB <..<< ³ 1 U B/BC <..<< U C/CA <..<< & command Alarm U A / AB <..<<  1 TRIP DELAY U B/BC <..<< U C/CA <..<< & AND/OR Trip Protection Functions

56. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200556 MiCOM P126 P127 Circuit Breaker Failure [50BF]  Three independent high speed undercurrent threshold I<  Definite time tBF  Possibility to suspend blocking outputs (logic selectivity) I A < Triporder tBF & & I B < I C < CB Fail (50BF) I A < Triporder tBF & & RESET tBF TIMER I B < I C < Protection Functions

57. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200557  Possibility to configure digital input to receive blocking  Two blocking logic group selectable by digital input  Possibility to configure output relays to send blocking  Short fault clearance time maintaining selectivity  Setting from local, RS232 PC port and remote (Network) AUTOMAT. CTRL BLOCKING LOGIC MiCOM P125 P126 P127 Blocking / Selectivity Logic

58. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200558 MiCOM P126 P127 Control Functions

59. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200559 Sotf - Tor (Switch on to fault ) - (Trip on Reclose)  An occured fault on the Control closing of the CB must be cleared in a shortest time.  SOTF/TOR function satisfies to this condition  A t_SOTF timer is the new trip delay time for I>> and / or I>>> pick up on a CB control closing on a fault.  In case of a CB closing by ARC on a fault the 79 function will move in lock status. MiCOM P126 P127 Control Functions

60. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200560 Sotf - Tor Logic Diagram MiCOM P126 P127 Control Functions

61. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200561 Eight “And, OR, NOT” Equation Logic User Configurable On pick up and reset MiCOM P126 P127 Control Functions

62. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200562 Cold Load Pick-up Benefits:  No requirement to use alternate setting groups  May eliminate need for earth fault stabilising resistor  Security /dependability on energisation  Potential applications:  Motor feeders  HV transformer earth fault protection  Air conditioning  Resistive heating Cold Energisation period characteristic Normal load characteristic Energisation current profile Current Time MiCOM P126 P127 Automation Function

63. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200563 MiCOM P127 51V and VTS Supervision  VTS condition is : VTS = (V2>0.3Vn AND I2 0.1In)

64. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200564 MiCOM P126 P127 Features  Fully configurable matrix of:  Functions / trip commands  Functions / output relays  Relay latching  Blocking logic and logic selectivity  Digital inputs / function

65. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200565 MiCOM P126 P127 Monitoring Functions

66. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200566 MiCOM P126 P127 Circuit Breaker Monitoring  Cumulated I or I 2 per phase  Adjustable alarm threshold  Display of  I or  I 2  Total of CB open number  Adjustable alarm threshold  Operating time  Adjustable alarm thresholds for opening and closing times

67. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200567 MiCOM P126 P127 Trip Circuit Supervision  Permanent supervision of wiring and polarity for whole trip circuit including coil  Programmable logic input  Adjustable time supervision  t SUP : from 0.1 s to 10 s  User information (locally or remotely)

68. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200568 MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Measurements and Recording

69. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200569 MiCOM P126 & P127 Measurements and Recording  Last 25 faults (last alarm)  Date and time  Flag information (Active setting group, affected phase, operated element, magnitude, time)  Displayed in front of the relay  One or all records can be transferred using RS232 front or RS485 rear communication port Istantaneous & Fault Recording (P126 & P127 only)

70. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200570  All logic inputs and outputs change  1 ms time stamped  250 events stored in memory  One or all records can be read and exported using RS232 front or RS485 rear communication port MiCOM P126 & P127 Event Recording (P126 & P127 only)

71. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200571  5 disturbance records  32 samples per cycle (1600 Hz sampling at 50 Hz)  Pre and post trigger time adjustable up to 3 s  One or all records can be transferred using the RS232 front port or the RS485 rear communication port MiCOM P126 & P127 Disturbance Recording (P126 & P127 only)

72. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200572 MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 Measurements  P125: Earth fault current, Residual Voltage, Frequency, Peak demand, max and medium values.  P126: Phase currents, Positive sequence current, Negative sequence current, Earth fault current, Residual voltage, Frequency, Thermal status, Ratio I2/I1, max and medium values  P127: Phase currents, Positive sequence current, Negative sequence current, Earth fault current, Residual voltage, Thermal status, Ratio I2/I1, Input and calculated voltages, Frequency, Active Reactive three phase power, three phase power factor, Active and Reactive Energy, max and medium values.

73. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200573 How select your MiCOM P125 P126 & P127?

74. > MiCOM P125 P126 & P127 – May,200574 MiCOM P125 P126 & P127