1. C. 21 S. 2 & 3

2. Rutherford B. Hayes 1877-1881 Election was disputed

3. Machine Politics Political parties controlled candidates and voters Loyalty and corruption influenced Give jobs for votes Over seen be party bosses

4. “Boss” Tweed N.Y.C. political figure Maintained power through illegal means Dominated NYC politics for decades Tried in 1873 for forgery & larceny

5. Mugwumps 1884 election Derogatory term for more liberal members of the Republican party.

6. Thomas Nast Political cartoonist

7. James A. Garfield Elected 1880 Fatally shot Died –4 months after taking office –2 months after shooting

8. Chester Arthur Served 1881-1885 Supported machine politics

9. Pendleton Act Congress passed in 1883 –Est.. civil service exam for public posts –Hired on merit –Aim to eliminate corruption

10. Grover Cleveland President 1885 - 1889 1885 –Signed the Interstate Commerce Act President 1893 - 1897 –Dealt with economic depression

11. American Federation of Labor AFL 1886 Organize trade unions Founded by Samuel Gompers –Negotiation rather than striking

12. Knights of Labor 1869 Founder - Uriah Stevens One of first major labor organizations Demanded –Equal pay for women –End to child labor –8 hour work day

13. Uriah Stevens Founder of the Knights of Labor

14. Homestead Strike 1892 Carnegie Steel Company Cuts for union members Violent Lasted 4 months

15. Pullman Strike 1894 Protesting 25% wage cut Paralyzed transportation Court intervened Union leaders were jailed Strike ended

16. Jane Adams Reformer Pacifist Founder of Hull House –Education –Cultural activities –For immigrants

17. Vocabulary Political boss Civil service Mugwumps Labor union Anarchist Strike Strikebreaker