1. Swell Cell Review

2. Leeuwenhoek was the first person to observe and describe microscopic _____ and living _____. In 1665, the English scientist _____ _____ used a microscope to examine a thin slice of _____. In 1838, German botanist _____ _____ concluded that all _____ are composed of _____. The next year, German zoologist _____ _____ reported that _____ are also made of _____. In 1855, German physician _____ stated that “_____ only come from other _____.”

3. The Cell Theory consists of THREE Principles:  A. All living organisms are composed of one or more _____.  B. Cells are the basic units of _____ and _____ in an organism.  C. Cells come only from reproduction of _____ _____. The _____ of a cell depends on its _____. A small cell has more _____ _____ than a large cell for a given _____ of cytoplasm.

4. Cells that do NOT contain a nucleus: _____ Cells that do contain a nucleus: _____ The cell membrane regulates what passes into and out of the cell. Therefore, it is described as being _____ _____. Cell membranes are made mostly of _____ molecules. The phosphate head is _____ meaning "water- loving". The lipid tails are _____ meaning "water-fearing".

5. Cell membranes consist of two phospholipid layers called a _____ _____. The three types of proteins in the cell membrane are _____, _____, and _____. These proteins help to _____ material into and out of the cell. Membrane proteins that link cells together are called _____. The modern view of membrane structure is called the _____ _____ model.

6. The nucleus contains _____. The nucleolus synthesizes _____. The main function of centrioles is to produce the cell’s _____, _____, and _____. Centrioles are not found in _____ cells. Mitochondria are the sites of _____ reactions that transfer _____ from organic compounds to the energy molecule _____. Mitochondria have their own _____.

7. Ribosomes are the sites of _____ _____. Some are free in the _____; others line the membranes of _____ _____ _____. Rough ER is studded with _____ and it processes _____ to be exported from the cell. Smooth ER is NOT covered with _____ and processes _____ and _____. Smooth ER carries out the process of _____ in _____ cells.

8. Involved in cellular secretions and packaging: ____ Golgi also produces _____, which are transporting organelles. Digests old, worn-out cellular parts; cleans things up: _____ The cytoskeleton (1) maintains the 3-D _____ of the cell, (2) participates in the _____ of organelles within the cytosol, and (3) helps the cell _____.

9. The cytoskeleton consists of three types of proteins: _____, _____, and _____ _____. Hair-like projections; used to move cell and obtain food: _____ Whip-like organelle; used for movement: ____ The rigidity of cell walls helps _____ and _____ the plant. Cell walls of plants are primarily made of _____, a complex carbohydrate.

10. Stores H 2 O, lipids, salts, proteins, etc.; important in plant cells: _____ The _____ uses _____ to covert _____ _____ AND _____ into SUGARS. This process is called _____. Chloroplasts are green because they contain the pigment _____. Produces colorful pigments in flowers and fruits: _____ Colorless plastid that stores starch, lipids, and proteins; mainly found in the _____ of plants