1. General Biology lab
Microscope

2. is an instrument used to view small samples or object.
Microscope
is an instrument used to view small samples or object.
Type of microscope:
Light microscope
Use visible light which its resolution is limited to around 0.2 µm
Electron microscope
Uses electron beam with a far smaller wavelength to gain higher resolution

3. Parts of Microscope Base : Light source : Stage :
aboard heavy structure that support the microscope.
Light source :
lamp attached directly to the microscope that provide the beam of light necessary for microscope observation.
Stage :
the horizontal surface on which the slide is placed.
Sub-stage condenser lenses system :
is a system located immediately under the stage , focuses light on the specimen.

4. Arm: Body tube: Ocular lens: Objective lens: Turret or nosepiece:
is the curved back that supports the upper parts of the microscope.
Body tube:
is the hollow housing through which light travels to the ocular.
Ocular lens:
is the part through which a person looks.
Objective lens:
The lower lens.
Turret or nosepiece:
allowing rapid changing of objective lenses .

5. Coarse and focus adjustment :
found on both side of the arm often contains a pointer to aid in locating objects within the field in view.
stage clips :
to hold the slide in place.

8. Type of objective Lenses
Scanning Objective Lens
Low Power Objective Lens
High Dry Objective Lens
Oil Immersion Objective Lens

9. Scanning Objective Lens
Has red band around it.
Magnifies objects 4x.
Total magnification = 40x

10. Low Power Objective Lens
Has yellow band around it.
Magnifies objects 10x.
Total magnification = 100x

11. High Dry Objective Lens
Has blue band around it.
Magnifies objects 40x.
Total magnification = 400x

12. Oil Immersion Objective Lens
Has black and white band around it
Magnifies objects 100x.
Total magnification = 1000x

13. Magnification
The total magnification can be calculated by multiplying the objective lens value by the ocular lens value.
Ocular magnification = 10x
Objective magnification
Scanning Objective Lens = 4x
Low Power Objective Lens = 10x
High Dry Objective Lens = 40x
Oil Immersion Objective Lens = 100x

14. Magnification Total magnification=(ocular lens )x(objective lens)
Example
Total magnification of Scanning Objective Lens =
(10x) X (4x) = 40x

15. General remarks when using the microscope
When carry the microscope, upright with one hand around the arm and the other under the base.

16. Before using the microscope you have to be sure that all lenses are clean and keep the stage always dry and clean.
Check to be sure the light is on .
Position the slide on the stage of the microscope
Use the coarse focus knob on the lowest objective only. NEVER use coarse focus on high power or oil immersion, or you may damage the objective lenses.
Use both eyes when looking in the microscope