2. Warm-up Exercises 5. Background Information Deer BR_MAIN Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading 3. A Quiz 1. Word Web 4. An English.

2. Warm-up Exercises 5. Background Information Deer BR_MAIN Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading 3. A Quiz 1. Word Web 4. An English Song Energy Crisis Ecological System (Ecosystem)

Before Reading_1_1 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading Word Web Directions: What words will occur to you whenever we mention the word “energy” ？ Write down as many words as possible about it. ENERGY heat solar energy wind coal gas oil atomic energy nuclear energy energy resources energy crisis conservation of energy

, wind, fossil, Before Reading_2_1.1 Warm-up Exercises Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading ■ Tips: Directions: Watch the video and write down the kinds of energy mentioned. Small-scale systems tap the energy of flowing water. These are not to be confused with big dam projects which totally transform ecosystems, wreaking environmental havoc. MICRO-HYDRO: flowing water solar, chemical reaction,nuclear

Before Reading_2_1.2 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading WINDPOWER : FOSSIL FUELS : An ancient source undergoing a revival with modern turbine technology Derived from long-dead organic and animal matter. Oil, coal, and natural gas are all fossil fuels.

Before Reading_2_1.3 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading SOLAR ENERGY:The sun’s power can be harnessed in various ways: by using photovoltaic cells to generate electricity directly; by using thermal collectors to make steam to generate electricity; by using passive solar materials that maximize or retain the sun’s heat. BIOMASS: Biomass is vegetal or organic material － including dung and plants － and biofuels are the solid or liquid or gaseous fuels that derive from it. Wood, methane and alcohol are all biofuels.

Before Reading_2_1.4 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading NUCLEAR ENERGY: Currently produced by ”fission”. An atom is split － using uranium － and the heat produced drives steam turbines to generate electricity.

Before Reading_3_1 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading A Quiz Directions: Give each item in the quiz a number from 1 to 5, and add up the numbers from the quiz to see How “Green” You Are? 1=always 2=often 3=sometimes 4=hardly ever 5=never Do you...? ( ) 1. avoid throwing things away if they can be reused, repaired or recycled ( ) 2. use recycled paper ( ) 3. recycle paper, glass, and cans ( ) 4. avoid products from nonrenewable sources ( ) 5. avoid buying overpackaged products ( ) 6. walk or use a bike when traveling short distances ( ) 7. use public transportation when traveling long distances ( ) 8. avoid using air-conditioning in the summer ( ) 9. try to make sure the heat isn’t turned up too high in the winter ( )10. use low-energy lightbulbs ( )11. turn off the lights when you leave a room ( )12. avoid using more water than you need

Before Reading_3_2 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading Tips: The interpretation of your quiz score is: Score You’re so green, it’s unbelievable! Are there even more things you do to protect the environment? You’re very environmentally aware. You care about and respect the world around you. You do some things to protect the environment, but there’s always room for improvement. You’re not green at all. Be aware of the things you can do and try. Everything you do will help. 12-23 24-35 36-47 48-60

Before Reading_4_1 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading An English Song Directions: Listen to the song and fill in the blanks. Green, Green Grass of Home The old home town looks the same, As I from the train. And there to meet me is my mamma and my papa. Down the road I look, and there runs Mary, Hair of gold and lips like, It’s good to touch the. Yes, they’ll all come to meet me, Arms a-reachin’,, It’s good to touch the green, green grass of home. ■ step down ________ cherries _______ green, green grass of home _______________________ smiling sweetly _____________

The old house is still standing, Though the paint is. And there's that old oak tree, That I used to play on. I’ll walk with my sweet Mary, Hair of gold and lips like cherries. It’s good to touch the green, green grass of home. Then I around me, At the four gray walls that surround me, And I realize. Yes I was, For there’s a guard and there’s a sad old padre, we’ll walk at daybreak, Again I’ll touch the green, green grass of home. Yes they’ll all come to see me that old oak tree, As they lay me meet the green, green grass of home. Before Reading_4_2 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading cracked and dry _____________ Down the lane ____________ awake and look _____________ only dreaming _____________ Arm in arm __________ in the shade of ____________

Before Reading_5_1 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading Background Information Directions: Listen to the following passage ， write down the words you think important, then retell the story according to what you’ve heard. 1. Deer There are about 100 different kinds of deer. Some live in grasslands. Others live in forests. The female deer becomes pregnant annually in late autumn, producing one to three young in late spring or early summer. The normal lifespan is 15 to 20 years. KEY ■

Before Reading_5_2 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading Directions: Listen to the following passage ， write down the words you’ve heard. 2. Energy Crisis Energy crisis refers to a critical in the supply of energy-producing fuels, such as gas, oil, and. During the early 1970’s, the demand for petroleum increased, and Western countries depended heavily on imported. The situation became worse during the Arab-Israeli War of 1973, when the Arab nations to the United States and other countries that Israel, causing an acute energy shortage in these countries during the winter of 1973 to 1974. shortage ________ coal _____ sharply _______ supplies _______ reduced _______ supported ________ ■ oil production and embargoed oil shipments

Before Reading_5_3 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading Directions: Read the following passage and fill in the blanks with the help of the words given below. 3. Ecological System (Ecosystem) A system is made up of a group of living organisms and their physical environment, and the relationship between them. A pond, a, a forest or an ocean may be an. An ecosystem includes such as food supply, weather and. Any change in environment has far-reaching on living things. The clearing of a forest, for example, may birds and affect drainage ( 排水 ). Without birds to keep under control, the insects and may do serious damage to crops. Without trees to hold back rain water, erosion may set in and ruin. lake ____ effects ecosystem harmful insects natural enemies factors drive away farmland lake multiply ecosystem _________ natural enemies _____________ factors _______ effects ______ drive away _________ harmful insects _____________ multiply _______ farmland ________

Globe Reading_main 1. Scanning Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading 2. Part Division of the Text For Part 1 For Part 2 Questions and Answers Blank Filling Questions and Answers 3. Further Understanding For Part 3

Globe Reading_1 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading Scanning Directions: Scan the text and discuss in pairs, list the facts about the life of deer in four seasons. eat as much as they can, storing the excess in the form of fat; active in growing, reproducing or storing fat adult males: grow antlers and get fat adult females: give birth to young; produce milk fawns: become less dependent on their mother’s milk and begin to search for growing plants as food 1. Summer: continue to eat high quality food in order to deposit fat for the winter 2. Fall: reduce their activity, grow a winter coat of hair, and lower their metabolism; use the reserves of fat to survive the cold winter 3. Winter: become active again4. Spring:

Global Reading_2 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading Part Division of the Text Main IdeasParts 1 2 3 It is energy, not love or money, that makes the world go round. Take the deer as an example to explain the life of wild animals round the year and how they can survive during the hard times in winter. Life depends on energy, thus the cycle continues. Lines 1~6 7~70 71~74

Globe Reading_3.1 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading Blank Filling Directions: Read the first part of the text carefully, then fill in the blanks. Some persons say that love makes the world. Others of a less romantic and more practical say that it isn’t love; it’s money. But the truth is that it is that makes the world go round. Energy is the of the ecological system and life becomes possible only when food is energy, which is used to seek more food to grow, to reproduce and to survive. On this cycle all life go round________ turn of mind __________ energy______ currency_______ converted into ____________ in turn ______ depends________.

Globe Reading_3.2.2 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading Questions and Answers 1. How do wild animals survive the hard times in winter? They eat as much as they can during times of plenty, the summer and the fall, storing the excess, usually in the form of fat, and then using these reserves of fat to survive during the hard times in winter when food is scarce. 2. What is the best time for milk production? The best milk production occurs at the same time that new plant growth is available. 3. What is the use of fat deer accumulate in summer and fall? Fat reserves are like bank accounts to be drawn on in the winter when food supplies are limited and sometimes are difficult to reach because of deep snow. 4. What changes take place in deer when winter draws near? Fawns lose their spotted coat. Hair on all the deer becomes darker and thicker.

Globe Reading_3.2.3 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading 5. What further safeguard does nature provide to help deer survive the winter? They have an internal physiological response which lowers their metabolism, or rate of bodily functioning, and hence slows down their expenditure of energy. 6. What changes take place in deer’s behavior when they lower their metabolism? Their behavior changes from more activities in summer and fall to less as winter progresses. 7. What will happen to deer if deep snows come and the weather remains cold for a long time? Some will die. 8. What is the fundamental rule of life for wild, free wandering animals? Only the largest and strongest are likely to survive － the survival of the fittest.

Globe Reading_3.3 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading Questions and Answers What conclusion does the author supply? Life depends on energy, and thus the cycle continues.

Article_S Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading Is there anything we can learn from deer? During the “energy crisis” of 1973 － 1974 the writer of this essay was living in northern Minnesota and was able to observe how deer survive when winter arrives. The lessons he learns about the way deer conserve energy turn out applicable to our everyday life.

It is fairly well known that wild animals survive from year to year by eating as much as they can during times of plenty, the summer and fall, storing the excess, usually in the form of fat, and then using these reserves of fat to survive during the hard times in winter when food is scarce. But, it is probably less well known Some persons say that love makes the world go round. Others of a less romantic and more practical turn of mind say that it isn’t love; it’s money. But the truth is that it is energy that makes the world go round. Energy is the currency of the ecological system and life becomes possible only when food is converted into energy, which in turn is used to seek more food to grow, to reproduce and to survive. On this cycle all life depends. Article1_S Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading Deer and the Energy Cycle Aaron N. Moen

occurs at the same time that new plant growth is available. This is good timing, because milk production is an energy consuming process — it requires a lot of food. The cost can not be met unless the region has ample food resources. Article2_S Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading A good case in point is the white-tailed deer. Like most wildlife, deer reproduce, grow, and store fat in the summer and fall when there is plenty of nutritious food available. A physically mature female deer in good condition who has conceived in November and given birth to two fawns during the end of May or first part of June, must search for food for the necessary energy not only to meet her body’s needs but also to produce milk for her fawns. The best milk production that even with their stored fat, wild animals spend less energy to live in winter than in summer.

As the summer progresses and the fawns grow, they become less dependent on their mother’s milk and more dependent on growing plants as food sources. The adult males spend the summer growing antlers and getting fat. Both males and females continue to eat high quality food in the fall in order to deposit body fat for the winter. In the case of does and fawns, a great deal of energy is expended either in milk production or in growing, and fat is not accumulated as quickly as it is in full grown males. Fat reserves are like bank accounts to be drawn on in the winter when food supplies are limited and sometimes difficult to reach because of deep snow. Article3_S Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading As fall turns into winter, other changes take place. Fawns lose their spotted coat. Hair on all the deer becomes darker and thicker. The change in the hair coats is usually complete by September and maximum hair depths are reached by November or December when the weather becomes cold.

But in addition, nature provides a further safeguard to help deer survive the winter — an internal physiological response which lowers their metabolism, or rate of bodily functioning, and hence slows down their expenditure of energy. The deer become somewhat slow and drowsy. The heart rate drops. Animals that hibernate practice energy conservation to a greater extreme than deer do. Although deer don’t hibernate, they do the same thing with their seasonal rhythms in metabolism. Deer spend more energy and store fat in the summer and fall when food is abundant, and spend less energy and use stored fat in the winter when food is less available. Article4_S Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading When the “energy crisis” first came in 1973 － 1974, I was living with my family in a cabin on the edge of an area where deer spend the winter in northern Minnesota, observing the deer as their behavior changed from more activity in summer and fall to less as winter progressed, followed by an increase again

Article5_S Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading in the spring as the snow melted. It was interesting and rather amusing to listen to the advice given on the radio: “Drive only when necessary,” we were told. “Put on more clothes to stay warm, and turn the thermostat on your furnace down.” Meanwhile we watched the deer reduce their activity, grow a winter coat of hair, and reduce their metabolism as they have for thousands of years. It is biologically reasonable for deer to reduce their cost of living to increase their chances of surviving in winter. Not every winter is critical for deer of course. If the winter has light snow, survival and productivity next spring will be high. But if deep snows come and the weather remains cold for several weeks, then the deer must spend more energy to move about, food will be harder to find, and they must then depend more on their fat reserves to pull them through. If such conditions go on for too long some will die, and only the largest and strongest are likely to survive. That is a fundamental rule of life for wild, free wandering animals such as deer.

Article6 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading Yes, life — and death, too — is a cycle that goes round and round, and when animals die their bodies become food for other life forms to use by converting them into energy. And the cycle continues.

Article1_W Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading Some persons say that love makes the world go round. Others of a less romantic and more practical turn of mind say that it isn’t love; it’s money. But the truth is that it is energy that makes the world go round. Energy is the currency of the ecological system and life becomes possible only when food is converted into energy, which in turn is used to seek more food to grow, to reproduce and to survive. On this cycle all life depends. Deer and the Energy Cycle Aaron N. Moen It is fairly well known that wild animals survive from year to year by eating as much as they can during times of plenty, the summer and fall, storing the excess, usually in the form of fat, and then using these reserves of fat to survive during the hard times in winter when food is scarce. But, it is probably less well known

Article2_W Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading A good case in point is the white-tailed deer. Like most wildlife, deer reproduce, grow, and store fat in the summer and fall when there is plenty of nutritious food available. A physically mature female deer in good condition who has conceived in November and given birth to two fawns during the end of May or first part of June, must search for food for the necessary energy not only to meet her body’s needs but also to produce milk for her fawns. The best milk production occurs at the same time that new plant growth is available. This is good timing, because milk production is an energy consuming process — it requires a lot of food. The cost can not be met unless the region has ample food resources. that even with their stored fat, wild animals spend less energy to live in winter than in summer.

Article3_W Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading As the summer progresses and the fawns grow, they become less dependent on their mother’s milk and more dependent on growing plants as food sources. The adult males spend the summer growing antlers and getting fat. Both males and females continue to eat high quality food in the fall in order to deposit body fat for the winter. In the case of does and fawns, a great deal of energy is expended either in milk production or in growing, and fat is not accumulated as quickly as it is in full grown males. Fat reserves are like bank accounts to be drawn on in the winter when food supplies are limited and sometimes difficult to reach because of deep snow. As fall turns into winter, other changes take place. Fawns lose their spotted coat. Hair on all the deer becomes darker and thicker. The change in the hair coats is usually complete by September and maximum hair depths are reached by November or December when the weather becomes cold.

Article4_W Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading But in addition, nature provides a further safeguard to help deer survive the winter — an internal physiological response which lowers their metabolism, or rate of bodily functioning, and hence slows down their expenditure of energy. The deer become somewhat slow and drowsy. The heart rate drops. Animals that hibernate practice energy conservation to a greater extreme than deer do. Although deer don’t hibernate, they do the same thing with their seasonal rhythms in metabolism. Deer spend more energy and store fat in the summer and fall when food is abundant, and spend less energy and use stored fat in the winter when food is less available. When the “energy crisis” first came in 1973 － 1974, I was living with my family in a cabin on the edge of an area where deer spend the winter in northern Minnesota, observing the deer as their behavior changed from more activity in summer and fall to less as winter progressed, followed by an increase again

Article5_W Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading in the spring as the snow melted. It was interesting and rather amusing to listen to the advice given on the radio: “Drive only when necessary,” we were told. “Put on more clothes to stay warm, and turn the thermostat on your furnace down.” Meanwhile we watched the deer reduce their activity, grow a winter coat of hair, and reduce their metabolism as they have for thousands of years. It is biologically reasonable for deer to reduce their cost of living to increase their chances of surviving in winter. Not every winter is critical for deer of course. If the winter has light snow, survival and productivity next spring will be high. But if deep snows come and the weather remains cold for several weeks, then the deer must spend more energy to move about, food will be harder to find, and they must then depend more on their fat reserves to pull them through. If such conditions go on for too long some will die, and only the largest and strongest are likely to survive. That is a fundamental rule of life for wild, free wandering animals such as deer.

Some persons say that love makes the world go round. Others of a less romantic and more practical turn of mind say that it isn’t love; it’s money. But the truth is that it is energy that makes the world go round. Energy is the currency of the ecological system and life becomes possible only when food is converted into energy, which in turn is used to seek more food to grow, to reproduce and to survive. On this cycle all life depends. Deer and the Energy Cycle Aaron N. Moen It is fairly well known that wild animals survive from year to year by eating as much as they can during times of plenty, the summer and fall, storing the excess, usually in the form of fat, and then using these reserves of fat to survive during the hard times in winter when food is scarce. But, it is probably less well known Article1_S_pop_Others of… Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading 1. What does the sentence mean? Other people who are more practical say that it is money not love that makes the world go around. 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. 另一些并不那么罗曼蒂克而更为注重实际的人则说，不是爱情，而是金钱。

Some persons say that love makes the world go round. Others of a less romantic and more practical turn of mind say that it isn’t love; it’s money. But the truth is that it is energy that makes the world go round. Energy is the currency of the ecological system and life becomes possible only when food is converted into energy, which in turn is used to seek more food to grow, to reproduce and to survive. On this cycle all life depends. Deer and the Energy Cycle Aaron N. Moen It is fairly well known that wild animals survive from year to year by eating as much as they can during times of plenty, the summer and fall, storing the excess, usually in the form of fat, and then using these reserves of fat to survive during the hard times in winter when food is scarce. But, it is probably less well known Article1_S_pop_Energy… Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading Translate the sentence into Chinese. 能量是生态系统的货币，只有当食物转变为能量，能量再用来获取更多的食物以供生长、繁殖和生存，生命才成为可能。

Some persons say that love makes the world go round. Others of a less romantic and more practical turn of mind say that it isn’t love; it’s money. But the truth is that it is energy that makes the world go round. Energy is the currency of the ecological system and life becomes possible only when food is converted into energy, which in turn is used to seek more food to grow, to reproduce and to survive. On this cycle all life depends. Deer and the Energy Cycle Aaron N. Moen It is fairly well known that wild animals survive from year to year by eating as much as they can during times of plenty, the summer and fall, storing the excess, usually in the form of fat, and then using these reserves of fat to survive during the hard times in winter when food is scarce. But, it is probably less well known Article1_S_pop_It is … Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading 1. What does “the time of plenty” mean? When there are plenty of food supply, such as summer and fall. 2. What is the grammatical function of “eating …, storing …, and then using …” ? They are paralleled phrases used as objects of preposition “by”. 3. Translate the sentence into Chinese. 差不多众所周知，野生动物得以年复一年地生存下去，主要依靠在夏秋生长旺季尽量多吃，将多余的部分以脂肪的形式储存起来，然后到了冬天食物稀少的艰难时期，就用这些储备的脂肪来维持生命。

A good case in point is the white-tailed deer. Like most wildlife, deer reproduce, grow, and store fat in the summer and fall when there is plenty of nutritious food available. A physically mature female deer in good condition who has conceived in November and given birth to two fawns during the end of May or first part of June, must search for food for the necessary energy not only to meet her body’s needs but also to produce milk for her fawns. The best milk production occurs at the same time that new plant growth is available. This is good timing, because milk production is an energy consuming process — it requires a lot of food. The cost can not be met unless the region has ample food resources. that even with their stored fat, wild animals spend less energy to live in winter than in summer. Article2_S_pop_ A good … Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading Paraphrase this sentence. A good example of what is being talked about is the white- tailed deer.

A good case in point is the white-tailed deer. Like most wildlife, deer reproduce, grow, and store fat in the summer and fall when there is plenty of nutritious food available. A physically mature female deer in good condition who has conceived in November and given birth to two fawns during the end of May or first part of June, must search for food for the necessary energy not only to meet her body’s needs but also to produce milk for her fawns. The best milk production occurs at the same time that new plant growth is available. This is good timing, because milk production is an energy consuming process — it requires a lot of food. The cost can not be met unless the region has ample food resources. that even with their stored fat, wild animals spend less energy to live in winter than in summer. Article2_S_pop_A physically … Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading 1. What does “a physically mature female deer in good condition” mean in this sentence? It refers to a healthy and adult or fully-grown deer. 2. What is the grammatical function of “not only to … but also to …”? These two infinitive phrases are used as adverbials of purpose. 3. Translate the sentence into Chinese. 一只成熟健壮的母鹿，在十一月份怀胎，五月底或六月初生下两只幼鹿，这时，它必须寻找食物以获得必要的能量，这不仅是为了满足自身的需要，而且也是为了给幼鹿生产乳汁。

A good case in point is the white-tailed deer. Like most wildlife, deer reproduce, grow, and store fat in the summer and fall when there is plenty of nutritious food available. A physically mature female deer in good condition who has conceived in November and given birth to two fawns during the end of May or first part of June, must search for food for the necessary energy not only to meet her body’s needs but also to produce milk for her fawns. The best milk production occurs at the same time that new plant growth is available. This is good timing, because milk production is an energy consuming process — it requires a lot of food. The cost can not be met unless the region has ample food resources. that even with their stored fat, wild animals spend less energy to live in winter than in summer. Article2_S_pop_This is … Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading Paraphrase this sentence. It is well-chosen time, because producing milk is a process of using up energy and it also needs a lot of food.

Article3_S_pop_ Both males… Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading As the summer progresses and the fawns grow, they become less dependent on their mother’s milk and more dependent on growing plants as food sources. The adult males spend the summer growing antlers and getting fat. Both males and females continue to eat high quality food in the fall in order to deposit body fat for the winter. In the case of does and fawns, a great deal of energy is expended either in milk production or in growing, and fat is not accumulated as quickly as it is in full grown males. Fat reserves are like bank accounts to be drawn on in the winter when food supplies are limited and sometimes difficult to reach because of deep snow. As fall turns into winter, other changes take place. Fawns lose their spotted coat. Hair on all the deer becomes darker and thicker. The change in the hair coats is usually complete by September and maximum hair depths are reached by November or December when the weather becomes cold. 1. What does “high quality food” refer to? “High quality food” here refers to nutritious food － food containing many of the substances needed for life and growth. 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. 在秋天，雄鹿和雌鹿都继续进食高质量食物，贮存体内脂肪，以备过冬。

Article3_S_pop_In the case … Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading As the summer progresses and the fawns grow, they become less dependent on their mother’s milk and more dependent on growing plants as food sources. The adult males spend the summer growing antlers and getting fat. Both males and females continue to eat high quality food in the fall in order to deposit body fat for the winter. In the case of does and fawns, a great deal of energy is expended either in milk production or in growing, and fat is not accumulated as quickly as it is in full grown males. Fat reserves are like bank accounts to be drawn on in the winter when food supplies are limited and sometimes difficult to reach because of deep snow. As fall turns into winter, other changes take place. Fawns lose their spotted coat. Hair on all the deer becomes darker and thicker. The change in the hair coats is usually complete by September and maximum hair depths are reached by November or December when the weather becomes cold. Can you use another phrase to say “in the case of”? When we talk about / In terms of does and fawns …

Article3_S_pop_The change … Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading As the summer progresses and the fawns grow, they become less dependent on their mother’s milk and more dependent on growing plants as food sources. The adult males spend the summer growing antlers and getting fat. Both males and females continue to eat high quality food in the fall in order to deposit body fat for the winter. In the case of does and fawns, a great deal of energy is expended either in milk production or in growing, and fat is not accumulated as quickly as it is in full grown males. Fat reserves are like bank accounts to be drawn on in the winter when food supplies are limited and sometimes difficult to reach because of deep snow. As fall turns into winter, other changes take place. Fawns lose their spotted coat. Hair on all the deer becomes darker and thicker. The change in the hair coats is usually complete by September and maximum hair depths are reached by November or December when the weather becomes cold. 1. Why is it so? Hair becomes the longest and thickest by November and December so as to protect them from the coldness of the winter. 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. 毛皮的变化通常持续到九月。到十一月或十二月天气变冷时，毛长得最厚。

But in addition, nature provides a further safeguard to help deer survive the winter — an internal physiological response which lowers their metabolism, or rate of bodily functioning, and hence slows down their expenditure of energy. The deer become somewhat slow and drowsy. The heart rate drops. Animals that hibernate practice energy conservation to a greater extreme than deer do. Although deer don’t hibernate, they do the same thing with their seasonal rhythms in metabolism. Deer spend more energy and store fat in the summer and fall when food is abundant, and spend less energy and use stored fat in the winter when food is less available. When the “energy crisis” first came in 1973 － 1974, I was living with my family in a cabin on the edge of an area where deer spend the winter in northern Minnesota, observing the deer as their behavior changed from more activity in summer and fall to less as winter progressed, followed by an increase again Article4_S_pop_But in addition … Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading What is the meaning of this sentence? Deer have another natural means of protection against the threat of the cold winter.

But in addition, nature provides a further safeguard to help deer survive the winter — an internal physiological response which lowers their metabolism, or rate of bodily functioning, and hence slows down their expenditure of energy. The deer become somewhat slow and drowsy. The heart rate drops. Animals that hibernate practice energy conservation to a greater extreme than deer do. Although deer don’t hibernate, they do the same thing with their seasonal rhythms in metabolism. Deer spend more energy and store fat in the summer and fall when food is abundant, and spend less energy and use stored fat in the winter when food is less available. When the “energy crisis” first came in 1973 － 1974, I was living with my family in a cabin on the edge of an area where deer spend the winter in northern Minnesota, observing the deer as their behavior changed from more activity in summer and fall to less as winter progressed, followed by an increase again Article4_S_pop_an internal physiological … Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading 1. What are the signs of “an internal physiological response”? The deer becomes somewhat slow and drowsy. The heart rate drops. 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. 体内生理机能作相应调节，放慢新陈代谢，即生理活动的速度，从而降低能量的消耗。

in the spring as the snow melted. It was interesting and rather amusing to listen to the advice given on the radio: “Drive only when necessary,” we were told. “Put on more clothes to stay warm, and turn the thermostat on your furnace down.” Meanwhile we watched the deer reduce their activity, grow a winter coat of hair, and reduce their metabolism as they have for thousands of years. It is biologically reasonable for deer to reduce their cost of living to increase their chances of surviving in winter. Not every winter is critical for deer of course. If the winter has light snow, survival and productivity next spring will be high. But if deep snows come and the weather remains cold for several weeks, then the deer must spend more energy to move about, food will be harder to find, and they must then depend more on their fat reserves to pull them through. If such conditions go on for too long some will die, and only the largest and strongest are likely to survive. That is a fundamental rule of life for wild, free wandering animals such as deer. Article5_S_pop_Drive only… Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading Why should people drive only when necessary? The United States is called a country on wheels. Before the “energy crisis” of 1973 - 1974, gasoline was very cheap in the U.S. and Americans used to drive everywhere, whether it was a coast-to-coast journey or a short trip to the store round the corner. During the “crisis” gasoline was rationed and many people walked, biked or skated to work.

in the spring as the snow melted. It was interesting and rather amusing to listen to the advice given on the radio: “Drive only when necessary,” we were told. “Put on more clothes to stay warm, and turn the thermostat on your furnace down.” Meanwhile we watched the deer reduce their activity, grow a winter coat of hair, and reduce their metabolism as they have for thousands of years. It is biologically reasonable for deer to reduce their cost of living to increase their chances of surviving in winter. Not every winter is critical for deer of course. If the winter has light snow, survival and productivity next spring will be high. But if deep snows come and the weather remains cold for several weeks, then the deer must spend more energy to move about, food will be harder to find, and they must then depend more on their fat reserves to pull them through. If such conditions go on for too long some will die, and only the largest and strongest are likely to survive. That is a fundamental rule of life for wild, free wandering animals such as deer. Article5_S_pop_Put on… Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading 1. What is a thermostat? Why should people turn the thermostat down? The thermostat is an appliance used to heat a house. By turning the thermostat on one’s furnace down, one can save electricity (energy) and money as well. 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. 多穿衣服好保暖，并请调低锅炉上的恒温器。

Deer and the Energy Cycle Aaron N. Moen Some persons say that love makes the world go round. Others of a less romantic and more practical turn of mind say that it isn’t love; it’s money. But the truth is that it is energy that makes the world go round. Energy is the currency of the ecological system and life becomes possible only when food is converted into energy, which in turn is used to seek more food to grow, to reproduce and to survive. On this cycle all life depends. It is fairly well known that wild animals survive from year to year by eating as much as they can during times of plenty, the summer and fall, storing the excess, usually in the form of fat, and then using these reserves of fat to survive during the hard times in winter when food is scarce. But, it is probably less well known Article1_W_turn of mind Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading turn of mind: adj. a characteristic tendency or way of thinking He has an optimistic turn of mind. With a very peculiar turn of mind, he behaves very differently from anyone else. 因为他的想法奇怪，行为也和别人极为不同。

Some persons say that love makes the world go round. Others of a less romantic and more practical turn of mind say that it isn’t love; it’s money. But the truth is that it is energy that makes the world go round. Energy is the currency of the ecological system and life becomes possible only when food is converted into energy, which in turn is used to seek more food to grow, to reproduce and to survive. On this cycle all life depends. Deer and the Energy Cycle Aaron N. Moen It is fairly well known that wild animals survive from year to year by eating as much as they can during times of plenty, the summer and fall, storing the excess, usually in the form of fat, and then using these reserves of fat to survive during the hard times in winter when food is scarce. But, it is probably less well known Article1_W_convert into Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading convert into: One last effort converted defeat into victory. 1) change into 他们已经改信佛教。 They have converted to Buddhism. 2) cause (a person) to change his beliefs, etc. The hotel has been converted into an office building. Collocation: convert from convert to （使）改变 ; 改变原来对 …… 的信仰改信 ……

Some persons say that love makes the world go round. Others of a less romantic and more practical turn of mind say that it isn’t love; it’s money. But the truth is that it is energy that makes the world go round. Energy is the currency of the ecological system and life becomes possible only when food is converted into energy, which in turn is used to seek more food to grow, to reproduce and to survive. On this cycle all life depends. Deer and the Energy Cycle Aaron N. Moen It is fairly well known that wild animals survive from year to year by eating as much as they can during times of plenty, the summer and fall, storing the excess, usually in the form of fat, and then using these reserves of fat to survive during the hard times in winter when food is scarce. But, it is probably less well known Article1_W_in turn Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading in turn: He that shuts Love out, in turn shall be shut out from Love. (Tennyson) 1) in due course or succession He has applied for various positions in turn as an agent, an accountant and a sales manager. We visited each old friend in turn. 2) one after another 将爱拒之门外的人，反过来会被爱拒之门外。（丁尼生）我们依次看望了每一个老朋友。 Collocation: by turns 轮流地；交替地 out of turn 不依照顺序地 take a turn 起变化 at the turn (of the century) 在（世纪）交替时期

Some persons say that love makes the world go round. Others of a less romantic and more practical turn of mind say that it isn’t love; it’s money. But the truth is that it is energy that makes the world go round. Energy is the currency of the ecological system and life becomes possible only when food is converted into energy, which in turn is used to seek more food to grow, to reproduce and to survive. On this cycle all life depends. Deer and the Energy Cycle Aaron N. Moen It is fairly well known that wild animals survive from year to year by eating as much as they can during times of plenty, the summer and fall, storing the excess, usually in the form of fat, and then using these reserves of fat to survive during the hard times in winter when food is scarce. But, it is probably less well known Article1_W_ excess Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading excess: n. An excess of enthusiasm is not always a good thing. 1) the part that is more than necessary Luggage in excess of 100 kg will be charged extra. Excess at table is seldom healthful. 2) going beyond the normal or accepted limits An excess of fat in one’s diet can lead to heart disease. 暴饮暴食无益于健康。饮食中脂肪过量能导致心脏病。 3) behavior that goes too far; violence He drinks to excess. His excesses led to the divorce. 他的过分行为导致了离婚。 Collocation: in excess of to excess 超过过度；过量

Some persons say that love makes the world go round. Others of a less romantic and more practical turn of mind say that it isn’t love; it’s money. But the truth is that it is energy that makes the world go round. Energy is the currency of the ecological system and life becomes possible only when food is converted into energy, which in turn is used to seek more food to grow, to reproduce and to survive. On this cycle all life depends. Deer and the Energy Cycle Aaron N. Moen It is fairly well known that wild animals survive from year to year by eating as much as they can during times of plenty, the summer and fall, storing the excess, usually in the form of fat, and then using these reserves of fat to survive during the hard times in winter when food is scarce. But, it is probably less well known Article1_W_reserve1 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading reserve: 1. n. 1) sth. kept for later use Some animals keep a great reserve of food in fall to keep from starving in winter. 有些动物在秋季储备大量的食物，以防冬季挨饿。 To make full use of vast reserves of talent is of great importance. 2) a piece of land kept for a (stated) purpose Laws and regulations are made to protect the wildlife reserves. He took a lot of photos of the lions in the nature reserves. 他在自然保护区拍了很多狮子的照片。

Deer and the Energy Cycle Aaron N. Moen It is fairly well known that wild animals survive from year to year by eating as much as they can during times of plenty, the summer and fall, storing the excess, usually in the form of fat, and then using these reserves of fat to survive during the hard times in winter when food is scarce. But, it is probably less well known Some persons say that love makes the world go round. Others of a less romantic and more practical turn of mind say that it isn’t love; it’s money. But the truth is that it is energy that makes the world go round. Energy is the currency of the ecological system and life becomes possible only when food is converted into energy, which in turn is used to seek more food to grow, to reproduce and to survive. On this cycle all life depends. Article1_W_reserve2 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading CF: reserve, preserve & conserve 这三个动词均有 “ 保持，保存 ” 之意。 preserve 主要指为防止损害、变质等而保存。 reserve 正式用词，指为了将来的用途或其他用途而保存、保留。 conserve 一般指保存自然资源，保全人的精力、力量等。 Collocation: in reserve without reserve 被留待后用毫无保留地，无条件地 2. vt. keep for special purpose I reserve Mondays for tidying my desk and answering letters. These seats are reserved for special guests. 这些座位是留给贵宾的。

Some persons say that love makes the world go round. Others of a less romantic and more practical turn of mind say that it isn’t love; it’s money. But the truth is that it is energy that makes the world go round. Energy is the currency of the ecological system and life becomes possible only when food is converted into energy, which in turn is used to seek more food to grow, to reproduce and to survive. On this cycle all life depends. Deer and the Energy Cycle Aaron N. Moen It is fairly well known that wild animals survive from year to year by eating as much as they can during times of plenty, the summer and fall, storing the excess, usually in the form of fat, and then using these reserves of fat to survive during the hard times in winter when food is scarce. But, it is probably less well known Article1_W_reserve3 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading 1. You can meat or fish in salt. 2. If you get there early, me a seat. 3. People tried to keep the thermostat lower to energy. 4. It is one of the duties of the police to public order. 5. I’m not being lazy － I’m just my strength for later. 6. I judgment on this issue until we have more information. Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary. preserve ________ reserve _______ conserve ________ preserve ________ conserving _________ reserve _______

Some persons say that love makes the world go round. Others of a less romantic and more practical turn of mind say that it isn’t love; it’s money. But the truth is that it is energy that makes the world go round. Energy is the currency of the ecological system and life becomes possible only when food is converted into energy, which in turn is used to seek more food to grow, to reproduce and to survive. On this cycle all life depends. Deer and the Energy Cycle Aaron N. Moen It is fairly well known that wild animals survive from year to year by eating as much as they can during times of plenty, the summer and fall, storing the excess, usually in the form of fat, and then using these reserves of fat to survive during the hard times in winter when food is scarce. But, it is probably less well known Article1_W_scarce1 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading scarce: adj. 1) insufficient to meet a demand or requirement; short in supply During World War II, butter was scarce and was rationed. 第二次世界大战期间，黄油奇缺，要定量配给。 Fresh vegetables were scarce during the drought. 2) not easy to find or obtain; rare Food and clean water were becoming scarce. This book is now scarce. 这书现在很难找到。

It is fairly well known that wild animals survive from year to year by eating as much as they can during times of plenty, the summer and fall, storing the excess, usually in the form of fat, and then using these reserves of fat to survive during the hard times in winter when food is scarce. But, it is probably less well known Deer and the Energy Cycle Aaron N. Moen Some persons say that love makes the world go round. Others of a less romantic and more practical turn of mind say that it isn’t love; it’s money. But the truth is that it is energy that makes the world go round. Energy is the currency of the ecological system and life becomes possible only when food is converted into energy, which in turn is used to seek more food to grow, to reproduce and to survive. On this cycle all life depends. 1. It’s not for people to become ill when they travel. 2. It was wartime and food was. 3. The museum is full of and precious treasures. 4. Good food is in winter, and costs a lot. 5. Accidents due to failure of safety equipment are nowadays. Article1_W_scarce2 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading CF: scarce, rare & uncommon 这三个形容词均含 “ 稀罕的，很少发生 ” 之意。 uncommon 指一般不发生或很少发生的事情，故显得独特、异常与例外。 scarce 指暂时不易发现、不存在或数量不足，供不应求的东西。 rare 指难得发生的事或难遇见的人或事，侧重特殊性。 Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words above. uncommon _________ scarce ______ rare ____ scarce ______ uncommon __________

A good case in point is the white-tailed deer. Like most wildlife, deer reproduce, grow, and store fat in the summer and fall when there is plenty of nutritious food available. A physically mature female deer in good condition who has conceived in November and given birth to two fawns during the end of May or first part of June, must search for food for the necessary energy not only to meet her body’s needs but also to produce milk for her fawns. The best milk production occurs at the same time that new plant growth is available. This is good timing, because milk production is an energy consuming process — it requires a lot of food. The cost can not be met unless the region has ample food resources. that even with their stored fat, wild animals spend less energy to live in winter than in summer. Article2_W_a good case in point Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading a good case in point: a good example of what is being talked about He is rather selfish. His unwillingness to help his brother is a good case in point. Lack of communication causes serious problems and their marriage is a case in point. Collocation: in case 以防；如果；倘若 in case of 倘使 in any case 无论如何 in no case 决不

A good case in point is the white-tailed deer. Like most wildlife, deer reproduce, grow, and store fat in the summer and fall when there is plenty of nutritious food available. A physically mature female deer in good condition who has conceived in November and given birth to two fawns during the end of May or first part of June, must search for food for the necessary energy not only to meet her body’s needs but also to produce milk for her fawns. The best milk production occurs at the same time that new plant growth is available. This is good timing, because milk production is an energy consuming process — it requires a lot of food. The cost can not be met unless the region has ample food resources. that even with their stored fat, wild animals spend less energy to live in winter than in summer. Article2_W_mature Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading mature: adj. A monkey is mature in the age of 5 to 7. 1) fully grown and developed 果实已经成熟了。 The fruits are mature. He is quite politically mature. 2) typical of a fully developed mind, controlled feelings, etc.; sensible 这孩子的判断力随着她年龄的增长而变得成熟。 The child’s judgment matures as she grows older.

A good case in point is the white-tailed deer. Like most wildlife, deer reproduce, grow, and store fat in the summer and fall when there is plenty of nutritious food available. A physically mature female deer in good condition who has conceived in November and given birth to two fawns during the end of May or first part of June, must search for food for the necessary energy not only to meet her body’s needs but also to produce milk for her fawns. The best milk production occurs at the same time that new plant growth is available. This is good timing, because milk production is an energy consuming process — it requires a lot of food. The cost can not be met unless the region has ample food resources. that even with their stored fat, wild animals spend less energy to live in winter than in summer. Article2_W_conceive Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading conceive: vt. Our first child was conceived in March and born in December. 1) become pregnant with (young) We never conceived that there are such beautiful lakes until we came here. 2) form (an idea, plan, etc.) in the mind; think of; imagine 她认为这样做是她的职责。 She conceived it her duty to do so. NB: conceive 还可以作不及物动词, 构成短语 “ conceive of （构想出, 设想） ” ，例如： Can you conceive of such cruelty? It is difficult to conceive of a plan to poverty.

A good case in point is the white-tailed deer. Like most wildlife, deer reproduce, grow, and store fat in the summer and fall when there is plenty of nutritious food available. A physically mature female deer in good condition who has conceived in November and given birth to two fawns during the end of May or first part of June, must search for food for the necessary energy not only to meet her body’s needs but also to produce milk for her fawns. The best milk production occurs at the same time that new plant growth is available. This is good timing, because milk production is an energy consuming process — it requires a lot of food. The cost can not be met unless the region has ample food resources. that even with their stored fat, wild animals spend less energy to live in winter than in summer. Article2_W_give birth to Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading give birth to: bear, bring forth, produce The town has given birth to quite a few great men. Collocation: give credit to 相信；称赞； give ear / eye to 仔细听或看； give effect to 使实行；使实现； give place to 让位于；为 …… 所替代克林顿一案引起了全国范围的一场争论。 Clinton’s case gave birth to a dispute all over the country. give way to 向 …… 让步；让位于

A good case in point is the white-tailed deer. Like most wildlife, deer reproduce, grow, and store fat in the summer and fall when there is plenty of nutritious food available. A physically mature female deer in good condition who has conceived in November and given birth to two fawns during the end of May or first part of June, must search for food for the necessary energy not only to meet her body’s needs but also to produce milk for her fawns. The best milk production occurs at the same time that new plant growth is available. This is good timing, because milk production is an energy consuming process — it requires a lot of food. The cost can not be met unless the region has ample food resources. that even with their stored fat, wild animals spend less energy to live in winter than in summer. Article2_W_meet Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading meet: vt. satisfy Does that meet your hopes? Collocation: make (both) ends meet 使收支平衡 meet the need of 满足 …… 需要 meet with （偶尔）遇见，遭受 meet up with 结识（某人），赶上（某人）这条新马路实现了人们多年的愿望。 This new road meets a long-felt need.

A good case in point is the white-tailed deer. Like most wildlife, deer reproduce, grow, and store fat in the summer and fall when there is plenty of nutritious food available. A physically mature female deer in good condition who has conceived in November and given birth to two fawns during the end of May or first part of June, must search for food for the necessary energy not only to meet her body’s needs but also to produce milk for her fawns. The best milk production occurs at the same time that new plant growth is available. This is good timing, because milk production is an energy consuming process — it requires a lot of food. The cost can not be met unless the region has ample food resources. that even with their stored fat, wild animals spend less energy to live in winter than in summer. Article2_W_consume Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading consume: vt. eat or drink; use; use up The man consumed the majority of his life in searching for his missing son. This car consumes a smaller amount of gas.

As the summer progresses and the fawns grow, they become less dependent on their mother’s milk and more dependent on growing plants as food sources. The adult males spend the summer growing antlers and getting fat. Both males and females continue to eat high quality food in the fall in order to deposit body fat for the winter. In the case of does and fawns, a great deal of energy is expended either in milk production or in growing, and fat is not accumulated as quickly as it is in full grown males. Fat reserves are like bank accounts to be drawn on in the winter when food supplies are limited and sometimes difficult to reach because of deep snow. As fall turns into winter, other changes take place. Fawns lose their spotted coat. Hair on all the deer becomes darker and thicker. The change in the hair coats is usually complete by September and maximum hair depths are reached by November or December when the weather becomes cold. Article3_W_deposit Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading deposit: vt. put or store for safe keeping; keep (money) in a bank She deposited her bag in the cloakroom. 她刚刚把一大笔钱存到她的帐户上。 She had just deposited a large sum of money in her account. Collocation: deposit … in deposit … with 在 …… 存储把 …… 交给 …… 保管

As the summer progresses and the fawns grow, they become less dependent on their mother’s milk and more dependent on growing plants as food sources. The adult males spend the summer growing antlers and getting fat. Both males and females continue to eat high quality food in the fall in order to deposit body fat for the winter. In the case of does and fawns, a great deal of energy is expended either in milk production or in growing, and fat is not accumulated as quickly as it is in full grown males. Fat reserves are like bank accounts to be drawn on in the winter when food supplies are limited and sometimes difficult to reach because of deep snow. As fall turns into winter, other changes take place. Fawns lose their spotted coat. Hair on all the deer becomes darker and thicker. The change in the hair coats is usually complete by September and maximum hair depths are reached by November or December when the weather becomes cold. Article3_W_expend1 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading expend: vt. spend or use up They have expended years in working out the problem. 他们已经花了好几年的时间来解这道题。 The students expended much care on their graduation papers. CF: expend, spend & cost 这三个动词均含 “ 花费 ” 之意。 cost 指花费时间、金钱、劳力等。其主语是物，而不能由人充当，也不用被动形式。 expend 较正式用词，通常指为某一专门目的而花费大量金钱、时间或精力。 spend 普通用词，与 cost 基本同义，但主语必须是人。

As the summer progresses and the fawns grow, they become less dependent on their mother’s milk and more dependent on growing plants as food sources. The adult males spend the summer growing antlers and getting fat. Both males and females continue to eat high quality food in the fall in order to deposit body fat for the winter. In the case of does and fawns, a great deal of energy is expended either in milk production or in growing, and fat is not accumulated as quickly as it is in full grown males. Fat reserves are like bank accounts to be drawn on in the winter when food supplies are limited and sometimes difficult to reach because of deep snow. As fall turns into winter, other changes take place. Fawns lose their spotted coat. Hair on all the deer becomes darker and thicker. The change in the hair coats is usually complete by September and maximum hair depths are reached by November or December when the weather becomes cold. 1. Governments a lot of resources on war. 2. It a lot to buy a house in this part of London. 3. I don’t know how I managed to so much in the pub last night. 4. They all their strength in trying to climb out. 5. Don’t such a lot of time in dressing yourself. 6. Her irresponsible behaviour her father many sleepless nights. 7. You so much effort for so little return. Article3_W_expend2 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary. expend _______ costs _____ spend______ expended _________ spend ______ cost ____ expend _______

As the summer progresses and the fawns grow, they become less dependent on their mother’s milk and more dependent on growing plants as food sources. The adult males spend the summer growing antlers and getting fat. Both males and females continue to eat high quality food in the fall in order to deposit body fat for the winter. In the case of does and fawns, a great deal of energy is expended either in milk production or in growing, and fat is not accumulated as quickly as it is in full grown males. Fat reserves are like bank accounts to be drawn on in the winter when food supplies are limited and sometimes difficult to reach because of deep snow. As fall turns into winter, other changes take place. Fawns lose their spotted coat. Hair on all the deer becomes darker and thicker. The change in the hair coats is usually complete by September and maximum hair depths are reached by November or December when the weather becomes cold. Article3_W_accumulate Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading accumulate: v. make or become greater in number or quantity; collect or gather little by little He quickly accumulated a large fortune. Misfortunes accumulated on his life path. 他的人生道路上不幸接着不幸。

As the summer progresses and the fawns grow, they become less dependent on their mother’s milk and more dependent on growing plants as food sources. The adult males spend the summer growing antlers and getting fat. Both males and females continue to eat high quality food in the fall in order to deposit body fat for the winter. In the case of does and fawns, a great deal of energy is expended either in milk production or in growing, and fat is not accumulated as quickly as it is in full grown males. Fat reserves are like bank accounts to be drawn on in the winter when food supplies are limited and sometimes difficult to reach because of deep snow. As fall turns into winter, other changes take place. Fawns lose their spotted coat. Hair on all the deer becomes darker and thicker. The change in the hair coats is usually complete by September and maximum hair depths are reached by November or December when the weather becomes cold. Article3_W_draw on Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading draw on: make use of; secure funds from His latest novel draws heavily on his experience in the army. Collocation: draw apart 越离越远 draw aside 拉到一边 draw away 拉开距离 draw off 排掉（水等）；脱去 draw out 开出，取出存款 The government decided to draw on its gold reserves to get over the financial crisis. 政府决定动用它的黄金储备来度过财政危机。

As the summer progresses and the fawns grow, they become less dependent on their mother’s milk and more dependent on growing plants as food sources. The adult males spend the summer growing antlers and getting fat. Both males and females continue to eat high quality food in the fall in order to deposit body fat for the winter. In the case of does and fawns, a great deal of energy is expended either in milk production or in growing, and fat is not accumulated as quickly as it is in full grown males. Fat reserves are like bank accounts to be drawn on in the winter when food supplies are limited and sometimes difficult to reach because of deep snow. As fall turns into winter, other changes take place. Fawns lose their spotted coat. Hair on all the deer becomes darker and thicker. The change in the hair coats is usually complete by September and maximum hair depths are reached by November or December when the weather becomes cold. Article3_W_spot Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading spot: 1. n. 1) a usually round area on a surface differing sharply in color from the rest Which has spots, the leopard or the tiger? 豹跟虎哪一个身上有斑点 ? 2) a popular place or area, especially a pleasant place where you spend time This looks like a nice spot for a picnic. There are a lot of spots to visit in the old city. 这座古城有许多可供参观的名胜。 2. v. to have small round marks or small pieces of something on the surface The ink spots permanently. 这种墨水会造成擦洗不掉的污渍。

But in addition, nature provides a further safeguard to help deer survive the winter — an internal physiological response which lowers their metabolism, or rate of bodily functioning, and hence slows down their expenditure of energy. The deer become somewhat slow and drowsy. The heart rate drops. Animals that hibernate practice energy conservation to a greater extreme than deer do. Although deer don’t hibernate, they do the same thing with their seasonal rhythms in metabolism. Deer spend more energy and store fat in the summer and fall when food is abundant, and spend less energy and use stored fat in the winter when food is less available. When the “energy crisis” first came in 1973 － 1974, I was living with my family in a cabin on the edge of an area where deer spend the winter in northern Minnesota, observing the deer as their behavior changed from more activity in summer and fall to less as winter progressed, followed by an increase again Article4_W_internal Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading internal: adj. of the inside of the body; within a particular country or organization The bleeding must be coming from an internal injury. No country has the right to interfere in the internal affairs of another country ．

But in addition, nature provides a further safeguard to help deer survive the winter — an internal physiological response which lowers their metabolism, or rate of bodily functioning, and hence slows down their expenditure of energy. The deer become somewhat slow and drowsy. The heart rate drops. Animals that hibernate practice energy conservation to a greater extreme than deer do. Although deer don’t hibernate, they do the same thing with their seasonal rhythms in metabolism. Deer spend more energy and store fat in the summer and fall when food is abundant, and spend less energy and use stored fat in the winter when food is less available. When the “energy crisis” first came in 1973 － 1974, I was living with my family in a cabin on the edge of an area where deer spend the winter in northern Minnesota, observing the deer as their behavior changed from more activity in summer and fall to less as winter progressed, followed by an increase again Article4_W_rate1 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading rate: n. the speed at which something happens or changes At the rate you work, you’ll never finish. 按你这样的工作速度, 你绝对做不完。 His pulse-rate dropped suddenly. CF: speed, rate& pace 这三个名词均含 “ 速度、速率 ” 之意。 pace 普通用词，指步行的速度，常引申指活动的进度或生产率。 speed 普通用词，指单位时间内行进的固定速度或速率，也指可能达到的最高速度。 rate 作 “ 速度 ” 讲时，与 speed 同义，可换用。作速率解时，指相对增长的速度，也指两种相比较而得出的标准速度。

But in addition, nature provides a further safeguard to help deer survive the winter — an internal physiological response which lowers their metabolism, or rate of bodily functioning, and hence slows down their expenditure of energy. The deer become somewhat slow and drowsy. The heart rate drops. Animals that hibernate practice energy conservation to a greater extreme than deer do. Although deer don’t hibernate, they do the same thing with their seasonal rhythms in metabolism. Deer spend more energy and store fat in the summer and fall when food is abundant, and spend less energy and use stored fat in the winter when food is less available. When the “energy crisis” first came in 1973 － 1974, I was living with my family in a cabin on the edge of an area where deer spend the winter in northern Minnesota, observing the deer as their behavior changed from more activity in summer and fall to less as winter progressed, followed by an increase again 1. Could you slow down a bit － I can’t keep with you. 2. The car has a top of 155 miles per hour. 3. I don’t like the of modern life. 4. You should lower your as you approach a junction. 5. The taxi was going at a tremendous. Article4_W_rate2 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words above. pace _____ pace _____ speed ______ speed ______ rate ____

But in addition, nature provides a further safeguard to help deer survive the winter — an internal physiological response which lowers their metabolism, or rate of bodily functioning, and hence slows down their expenditure of energy. The deer become somewhat slow and drowsy. The heart rate drops. Animals that hibernate practice energy conservation to a greater extreme than deer do. Although deer don’t hibernate, they do the same thing with their seasonal rhythms in metabolism. Deer spend more energy and store fat in the summer and fall when food is abundant, and spend less energy and use stored fat in the winter when food is less available. When the “energy crisis” first came in 1973 － 1974, I was living with my family in a cabin on the edge of an area where deer spend the winter in northern Minnesota, observing the deer as their behavior changed from more activity in summer and fall to less as winter progressed, followed by an increase again Article4_W_somewhat Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading somewhat: adv. more than a little but not very The resort has changed somewhat over the last few years. She’s somewhat more confident than she used to be.

But in addition, nature provides a further safeguard to help deer survive the winter — an internal physiological response which lowers their metabolism, or rate of bodily functioning, and hence slows down their expenditure of energy. The deer become somewhat slow and drowsy. The heart rate drops. Animals that hibernate practice energy conservation to a greater extreme than deer do. Although deer don’t hibernate, they do the same thing with their seasonal rhythms in metabolism. Deer spend more energy and store fat in the summer and fall when food is abundant, and spend less energy and use stored fat in the winter when food is less available. When the “energy crisis” first came in 1973 － 1974, I was living with my family in a cabin on the edge of an area where deer spend the winter in northern Minnesota, observing the deer as their behavior changed from more activity in summer and fall to less as winter progressed, followed by an increase again Article4_W_abundant Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading abundant: adj. more than enough China has abundant natural resources. 中国自然资源丰富。 Small as it is, this country has abundant supplies of oil and natural gas ． CF: abundant & plentiful 这两个形容词均有 “ 充分的、丰富的 ” 之意。 abundant plentiful 普通用词，指某物的数量多得称心如意，不过剩，但较少用于描写抽象之物。例如 : Eggs are plentiful at the moment. 现在鸡蛋很多。着重某物极为丰富或有大量的供应。例如 : We have abundant proof of his guilt. 我们有充分的证据证明他有罪。 Courage was abundant among the volunteers. 志愿人员都勇气十足。

But in addition, nature provides a further safeguard to help deer survive the winter — an internal physiological response which lowers their metabolism, or rate of bodily functioning, and hence slows down their expenditure of energy. The deer become somewhat slow and drowsy. The heart rate drops. Animals that hibernate practice energy conservation to a greater extreme than deer do. Although deer don’t hibernate, they do the same thing with their seasonal rhythms in metabolism. Deer spend more energy and store fat in the summer and fall when food is abundant, and spend less energy and use stored fat in the winter when food is less available. When the “energy crisis” first came in 1973 － 1974, I was living with my family in a cabin on the edge of an area where deer spend the winter in northern Minnesota, observing the deer as their behavior changed from more activity in summer and fall to less as winter progressed, followed by an increase again Article4_W_progress Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading progress: Technological progress has been so rapid over the last few years. 1. n. development or growth 2. vi. continue gradually 恐怕我们这学期没有取得什么进步。 I’m afraid we’re not making much progress this term. We started off talking about the weather and gradually the conversation progressed to politics. As the war progressed more and more countries became involved. Collocation: progress nicely / well progress to 进展很好进展到

in the spring as the snow melted. It was interesting and rather amusing to listen to the advice given on the radio: “Drive only when necessary,” we were told. “Put on more clothes to stay warm, and turn the thermostat on your furnace down.” Meanwhile we watched the deer reduce their activity, grow a winter coat of hair, and reduce their metabolism as they have for thousands of years. It is biologically reasonable for deer to reduce their cost of living to increase their chances of surviving in winter. Not every winter is critical for deer of course. If the winter has light snow, survival and productivity next spring will be high. But if deep snows come and the weather remains cold for several weeks, then the deer must spend more energy to move about, food will be harder to find, and they must then depend more on their fat reserves to pull them through. If such conditions go on for too long some will die, and only the largest and strongest are likely to survive. That is a fundamental rule of life for wild, free wandering animals such as deer. Article5_W_melt Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading melt: v. (of sth. solid or hard) become liquid or very soft, esp. as a result of heat As the sun became warmer, the ice began to melt ．热咖啡把糖溶化了。 The hot coffee melts the sugar. Melt the chocolate slowly so that it won’t burn.

in the spring as the snow melted. It was interesting and rather amusing to listen to the advice given on the radio: “Drive only when necessary,” we were told. “Put on more clothes to stay warm, and turn the thermostat on your furnace down.” Meanwhile we watched the deer reduce their activity, grow a winter coat of hair, and reduce their metabolism as they have for thousands of years. It is biologically reasonable for deer to reduce their cost of living to increase their chances of surviving in winter. Not every winter is critical for deer of course. If the winter has light snow, survival and productivity next spring will be high. But if deep snows come and the weather remains cold for several weeks, then the deer must spend more energy to move about, food will be harder to find, and they must then depend more on their fat reserves to pull them through. If such conditions go on for too long some will die, and only the largest and strongest are likely to survive. That is a fundamental rule of life for wild, free wandering animals such as deer. Article5_W_not every Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading not every: not each or all members of a group Not every horse can run fast. 班上并非所有的学生考试都及格了。 Not every student in the class passed the examination. NB: Not every … / Both … not / Not all … / All … no 所表达的意思不同。一般来说， all, every 和 both 均用于肯定句中，因为它们都有各自的否定形式，即 none, no 和 neither 。但当这三个代词与否定词 not 连用时，表示部分否定，即 “ 并非都（是） ” 的意思。 not + always, not + and 也表示部分否定。请看下面例子： 1. All is not lost. 并非一切都失去了。 2. All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的并非都是金子。 3. Not all criminals can be reformed. 并非所有的罪犯都能改造好。 4. Not every President is a leader. 并不是每一位总统都是领袖。 5. Everything is not perfect. 并非一切都是十全十美的。 6. Both the universities are not ideal. 这两所大学并非都很理想。

in the spring as the snow melted. It was interesting and rather amusing to listen to the advice given on the radio: “Drive only when necessary,” we were told. “Put on more clothes to stay warm, and turn the thermostat on your furnace down.” Meanwhile we watched the deer reduce their activity, grow a winter coat of hair, and reduce their metabolism as they have for thousands of years. It is biologically reasonable for deer to reduce their cost of living to increase their chances of surviving in winter. Not every winter is critical for deer of course. If the winter has light snow, survival and productivity next spring will be high. But if deep snows come and the weather remains cold for several weeks, then the deer must spend more energy to move about, food will be harder to find, and they must then depend more on their fat reserves to pull them through. If such conditions go on for too long some will die, and only the largest and strongest are likely to survive. That is a fundamental rule of life for wild, free wandering animals such as deer. Article5_W_productivity Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading productivity: n. the ability or capacity to produce; productiveness Productivity in the steel industry improved by 7% last year ．管理部门正在设法提高生产率。 The management is always seeking ways to increase working productivity.

in the spring as the snow melted. It was interesting and rather amusing to listen to the advice given on the radio: “Drive only when necessary,” we were told. “Put on more clothes to stay warm, and turn the thermostat on your furnace down.” Meanwhile we watched the deer reduce their activity, grow a winter coat of hair, and reduce their metabolism as they have for thousands of years. It is biologically reasonable for deer to reduce their cost of living to increase their chances of surviving in winter. Not every winter is critical for deer of course. If the winter has light snow, survival and productivity next spring will be high. But if deep snows come and the weather remains cold for several weeks, then the deer must spend more energy to move about, food will be harder to find, and they must then depend more on their fat reserves to pull them through. If such conditions go on for too long some will die, and only the largest and strongest are likely to survive. That is a fundamental rule of life for wild, free wandering animals such as deer. Article5_W_pull … through Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading pull … through: survive or help (sb.) survive a period of danger or crisis We collected some money to pull him and his family through. Finally the company was compelled to ask for a loan from the bank to pull through. Collocation: pull about 把 …… 拖来拖去 pull apart 扯断，撕开 pull away 脱身，（汽车等）离开 pull back 撤回，改变主意 pull down 拉下，拆毁

in the spring as the snow melted. It was interesting and rather amusing to listen to the advice given on the radio: “Drive only when necessary,” we were told. “Put on more clothes to stay warm, and turn the thermostat on your furnace down.” Meanwhile we watched the deer reduce their activity, grow a winter coat of hair, and reduce their metabolism as they have for thousands of years. It is biologically reasonable for deer to reduce their cost of living to increase their chances of surviving in winter. Not every winter is critical for deer of course. If the winter has light snow, survival and productivity next spring will be high. But if deep snows come and the weather remains cold for several weeks, then the deer must spend more energy to move about, food will be harder to find, and they must then depend more on their fat reserves to pull them through. If such conditions go on for too long some will die, and only the largest and strongest are likely to survive. That is a fundamental rule of life for wild, free wandering animals such as deer. Article5_W_productivity Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading fundamental: adj. basic; very important Mathematics is one of the fundamental sciences. 此次展览的主要目的是普及环保意识。 The fundamental purpose of this exhibition is to popularize environmental protection notions.

After Reading_main Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading 1. Useful Expressions 2. Spot Dictation 3. Multiple Choice 4. Summary Writing 5. Writing Style 6. Talking About the Pictures 7. Writing Practice 8. Proverbs and Quotations

After Reading_1.1 1. 能源危机 2. 金融危机 3. 节能 4. 更重实际的人 5. 生态体系 6. 反过来 7. 转化成 8. 一个相关的好例子 energy crisis financial crisis conserve energy people of a more practical mind ecological system in turn convert into a good case in point Useful Expressions Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading 9. 富含营养的食物 10. 生理上成熟 nutritious food physically mature 11. 生育 give birth to

After Reading_1.2 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading 13. 满足需求 14. 储存脂肪 15. 银行帐户 meet one’s needs deposit fat bank accounts 16. 充足的食物供给 abundant food supply 17. 内在生理反应 18. 减缓新陈代谢 19. 冬眠 21. 生命的基本规律 22. 慢下来 internal physiological response lower metabolism hibernation fundamental rule of life slow down 20. 度过难关 pull sb. through 12. 搜寻 search for

After Reading_2.1 Spot Dictation Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. Ecology is the science of how living creatures and plants exist together and depend on each other and on the environment. Where an environment is undisturbed, the ecology of an area is in balance, but if a creature is exterminated or an alien introduced, then the ecology of the district will be. In other words, the balance of nature will be Directions: local _____ species _______ upset ______ disturbed _________. ■

After Reading_2.2 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading Man is a part of the environment and has done more to upset the ecology during the short on earth than any other living creature. He had the atmosphere and polluted both land and water. He has the earth’s natural resources with no thought for the future, and has thought out the most ways of killing his fellow men and every other sort of life at the same time. Even at this moment many of the earth’s natural are being destroyed, many valuable animals and plants are being killed. Besides, it is becoming increasingly difficult to grow enough food to much of the earth’s population from starvation. span _____ poisoned ________ squandered __________ devastating __________ treasures ________ preserve ________

1. As I’m short of money I must draw on my ______. A) resources B) reserve C) conservation D) currency 2. He couldn’t join the army, because he was below the ______ height allowed by the rules. A) maximum B) minimum C) smallest D) lowest After Reading_3.1 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading KEY Multiple Choice Directions: Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.

3. The small furniture shop has been ______ into a big business. A) expended B) expanded C) extreme D) extracted 4. The unusually cold weather this winter gave birth to a larger ______ of heaters. A) consume B) consuming C) consumption D) consumers After Reading_3.2 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading KEY

5. He is not able to earn enough salary, so he has to ______ economy. A) do B) make C) reserve D) practice 6. In this country, husbands are adored by their wives ______ an absurd extreme. A) to B) at C) with D) on After Reading_3.3 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading KEY

7. The car ______ as it approached the parking lot. A) speeded up B) slowed down C) broke down D) caught up with 8. There are various ______available which the students can use alone or in a small group. A) sources B) material C) resources D) causes After Reading_3.4 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading KEY

9. A fresh idea has just ______ to me. A) occurred B) happened C) come D) sparked After Reading_3.5 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading KEY 10. The sweater is hand-knitted and ______ expensive. A) since B) also C) hence D) in consequence KEY

to eat high quality food in the fall in order to ( 储存冬季可利用的体内脂肪 ). As fall turns into winter, hair on all the deer becomes thicker, which ( 提供了一个外部保护层 ) to help deer to survive the winter. In addition, and most important of all, deer have ( 一种内部生理反应 ) which helps to ( 降低能量消耗 ) by lowering their metabolism. If the After Reading_4.1 Summary Writing Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading Wild animals survive from year to year by eating as much as they can in summer and fall, ( 以脂肪的形式储存多余的食物 ), and then use their stored fat to survive ( 冬季的艰难时期 ) when food is scarce. But, even with their ( 脂肪储备 ), wild animals spend less energy to live in winter than in summer. ( 一个恰当的例子 ) is the white- tailed deer. In summer, after they ( 生下小鹿 ), physically mature female deer must search for ( 处于生长旺期，可转换成能量的植物 ), because milk production is ( 一个消耗能量的过程 ). Both males and females continue storing the excess in the form of fat____________________________ the hard times in winter___________________ stored fat / fat reserves ___________________ A good case in point__________________ have given birth to fawns_______________________ growing plants which can be converted into energy___________________________________________ an energy-consuming process_________________________ deposit body fat which can be drawn on in winter________________________________________ provides an external safeguard _________________ _________ an internal physiological response_____________________________ slow down their expenditure of energy_________________________________

winter has deep snow, which means the deer has to spend more energy to ( 四处走走 ) After Reading_4.2 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading move about__________ fat reserves to pull through In the case of, they must then be ( 更多地依靠脂肪储备来度过难关 ) more dependent on ______________________ _________________ winter, their bodies become food for other life forms.. Even if some small and weak deer die in the freezing ( 至于能源危机 ) energy crisis _____________ ____________, we still can pull through by following the deer: deer grow a winter coat of hair while we can ; deer ( 降低新陈代谢水平 ) while we can turn the thermostat on the furnace down. ( 多穿衣服保暖 ) put on more clothes to stay warm___________________________ lower their metabolism_______________________

After Reading_5.1 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading Writing Style The article is both an expository and argumentative writing. The author puts forward the topic in the first paragraph (LL.1~6) i.e. － “Energy makes the world go round.” In the following paragraphs (LL.7~70) the author develops the topic by describing in great detail the life of deer in four seasons and various means by which they survive the hard times in winter. These evidences show that life depends on energy. This is true to human beings as well as animals. By making a comparison (LL.51~62) between mankind and white-tailed deer in North America, the author wants to lead us to pay more attention the importance of conserving the energy. And also the author develops the article by using the writing techniques such as exemplification (LL.18~70), cause and effect (LL.7~17, LL.51~62, LL.71~74), comparison (LL.51~62), classification (LL.29~37), etc. The last paragraph is a conclusion, i.e. “Life depends on energy, thus the cycle continues.”

After Reading_6.1 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading Talking About the Pictures

After Reading_6.2 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading

After Reading_7 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading Writing Practice Discuss the following topic in class and write a short composition in about 120 words after class. Directions: Energy Resources China is rich in various energy resources. These energy resources are being used up rapidly.. To avoid an energy crisis in the future, the government must take some actions. For example, coal, an abundant source of energy, can be found in many provinces. China also has a few large oil fields, and usually natural gas accompanies oil production fields. In addition, large and small power plants have been built on vast rivers since liberation ____________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________. We use energy to run our factories, run our cars and trains, and heat our homes. In a word, we have a great need for energy because of our economic growth and daily life ______________________ _________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________. For one thing, factories and individuals should be encouraged to save energy. For another, scientists should be encouraged to develop alternatives to the present resources of energy_________________________________________________________________ _________________.

After Reading_8.1 Proverbs and Quotations 1. Only the fittest survives. 适者生存。 2. Plan your consumption carefully on a long term basis, and you will not need to worry when a famine occurs. 细水长流，遇灾不愁。 3. It is not enough to do good; one must do it the right way. － John Morley, British statesman Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading 人不仅要做好事，更要以正确的方式做好事。 —— 英国政治家 J 莫利

After Reading_8.2 5. Mistakes are an essential part of education. － Bertrand Russell, British philosopher 教育是一个逐步发现自己无知的过程。 —— 美国历史学家杜兰特错误是教育极为重要的一部分。 —— 英国哲学家 B 罗素 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading 4. Education is a progressive discovery of our ignorance. － Durant, American historian

2. Warm-up Exercises 5. Background Information Deer BR_MAIN Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading 3. A Quiz 1. Word Web 4. An English.

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2. Warm-up Exercises 5. Background Information Deer BR_MAIN Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading 3. A Quiz 1. Word Web 4. An English.

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