1. Diabetes University of Houston – Downtown By: Marlene Trevino Biology 1310 M/W Professor: David Lang

2. What is diabetes? It’s a metabolic disease in which the body’s inability to produce any or enough insulin, causing the elevated levels of glucose in the blood

3. Type 1 Diabetes The body does not produce insulin It’s the more severe Only 5% of people with diabetes have type 1 Sometimes referred to as “juvenile” diabetes

4. Treatments for Type 1 Diabetes Not curable Taking insulin injections daily If left untreated, the high level of blood sugar can damage eyes, kidney, nerves, and the heart, and can also lead to coma & death

5. Type 2 Diabetes The body does not produce enough insulin for proper function or the cell in the body does not react to insulin More common form Non-insulin dependent

6. Treatments & Drugs For Type 2 Blood Sugar Monitoring Healthy Eating Regular Exercise Possibly, diabetes medication or insulin therapy

7. Symptoms Type 1 & 2 Increased thirst & frequent urination Increased hunger Weight loss Fatigue Blurred vision Type 2 Slow-healing sores or frequent infections Areas of darkened skin

8. Risk Factors Weight Fat distribution Inactivity Family History RaceAgePrediabetes

9. Tests & Diagnosis A1C Test Random blood sugar test Fasting blood sugar test Oral glucose tolerance test

10. When to start getting tested Recommended at the age of 45, especially if you’re overweight If results are normal, repeat the test every 3 years If results are borderline, ask your doctor when to come back for another test

11. Prevention of Type 2 Eat healthy Get physical Lose excess pounds

12. Affect on Family You need to let your family and friends know what you expect of them. As you begin to get a handle on the disease, you need to let them know what you want from them. If you’ve decided to handle your diabetes on your own and you don’t want their input, you need to tell them so. On the other hand, if you want them to remind you to test your blood sugar, exercise and watch what you eat, tell them so.

13. The Cost of Diabetes The estimated total cost of diagnosed diabetes in 2012 was $254 billion, a 41% increase from an estimated $174 billion in 2007

14. Potential Cure Researchers at Harvard Stem Cell Institution have discovered a hormone that holds promise for dramatically more effective treatment of type 2 diabetes. Researchers believe that the hormone might also have a role in treating type 1 diabetes as well.

15. Work Cited Medical News Today. MediLexicon International, n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2014.. "What Is Diabetes?" What Causes Diabetes? N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Apr. 2014.. "Diabetes Basics - American Diabetes Association®." American Diabetes Association. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2014.. "Type 2 Diabetes." Definition. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2014.. "Diabetes Social and Economic Impact Studies." International Diabetes Federation. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2014.. "Potential Diabetes Breakthrough." Harvard Gazette. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Apr. 2014..