1. Radicalisation and the role of the victims, the situation in France Dominique Szepielak SC EFPA, Prague 21.3.2014

2. Radicalisation and the role of the victims, the situation in France A glimpse of history Brief introduction on « terrorism » today (three types – article Golem) The path of victims become terrorists : Merah – Ravachol Define victim’s notion Different victims of the terrorism Importance of the role of victims' of the terrorism associations 10 years Important not to forget

3. A glimpse of history The word « Terrorism » would come from the period called « Terror ». After 1789, the French revolution continues with the historic period of the terror which spreads out between 1792 and 1794. During this period, the revolutionaries make reign the arbitrary power and exterminate; royalist, moderate and Christian. 500 000 people are imprisoned, 100 000 are exterminated.

4. Brief introduction on « terrorism » today The activator: the one who recruits for an ideology. The actor: the one who is instrumented, as Golem. Nowadays new ways are offered to the terrorists, internet, being among others of use to the recruitment of the Jihadists in Syria. So other forms of terrorism develop.

5. The path of victims become terrorists : Merah – Ravachol Ravachol : 1859-1892 Anarchist Violent and absent father Mother courage Work from his 8 years Small crime Murderous terrorist Guillotined Merah : 1988-2012 Jihadist Violent and absent father Mother courage Social services Small crime Murderous terrorist Executed

6. The path of victims become terrorists : Merah – Ravachol Ravachol : 1859-1892 Anarchist Violent and absent father Mother courage Work from his 8 years Small crime Murderous terrorist Guillotined Merah : 1988-2012 Jihadist Violent and absent father Mother courage Social services Small crime Murderous terrorist Executed The ideological Cause of the one and the other one is pretext to express their Suffering

7. Define victim’s notion Originally, victim comes from the Latin victima. It is the human offered, sacrificed to a divinity. The victims then were associated with the wars, the natural and economic disasters. Speaking about terrorism, the victim undergoes certain murderous ideologies. The victim undergoes, the terrorist wants her passive and is pretext to subject the others, not still the victims.

8. Different victims of the terrorism Those who dies and who exemplify, Those were broken for ever, Those who have the syndrome of the survivor and can go as far as committing suicide. Those who were affected by losing close relations, Those who join the violence, Those who exemplify to remind the values of the civilization.

9. Importance of the role of victims' of the terrorism associations Since March 11th, 2004, a date of the attack in Madrid, the European community mobilizes Symbol of this mobilization, the blue ribbon

10. 10 years

11. Important not to forget