1. Chapter 8: The Presidency Section 1: President and Vice President

2. What are the important qualities you look for in a president? Make a top 10 list.

3. Can you tell me in your own words what is the most important quality you are looking for in the next president? (March 2008) Honesty/straightforward— 33% Honesty/straightforward— 33% Leadership/strength—16% Leadership/strength—16% Competent/capable/able to govern effectively—10% Competent/capable/able to govern effectively—10% Integrity—10% Integrity—10% Listen to/represent the people and not special interests or party—9% Listen to/represent the people and not special interests or party—9% Put U.S. first/Focus on domestic issues—8% Put U.S. first/Focus on domestic issues—8% Intelligence—5% Intelligence—5% Good moral character/family values—5% Good moral character/family values—5% Vision for the country—5% Vision for the country—5% Trustworthy—4% Trustworthy—4% Win/finish/end the war in Iraq—4% Win/finish/end the war in Iraq—4% Honorable—4% Honorable—4% Good on economy—3% Good on economy—3% Foreign policy experience— 3% Foreign policy experience— 3% Christian—3% Christian—3% Consensus-builder/Bring country together—2% Consensus-builder/Bring country together—2% Conservative—2% Conservative—2% Good on terrorism issue— 1% Good on terrorism issue— 1% Experience (general)—1% Experience (general)—1% Common sense—1% Common sense—1%

4. Duties of the President Commander in chief of the nation’s armed forces Commander in chief of the nation’s armed forces Appoints heads of executive departments, federal court judges, and other top officials with Senate consent Appoints heads of executive departments, federal court judges, and other top officials with Senate consent Makes treaties with the advice and consent of the Senate, meets with heads of state, hosts foreign officials, and appoints ambassadors to represent the U.S. Makes treaties with the advice and consent of the Senate, meets with heads of state, hosts foreign officials, and appoints ambassadors to represent the U.S. Ensures that all the laws of the U.S. are faithfully executed Ensures that all the laws of the U.S. are faithfully executed

5. President’s Term and Salary 22 nd Amendment limits the president to two four-year terms 22 nd Amendment limits the president to two four-year terms Salary = $400,000 Salary = $400,000 Benefits: Benefits: –Air Force One –Free health care –Live in the White House –Lifetime pension of $148,400 per year

6. Presidential Qualifications A natural-born citizen of the U.S. A natural-born citizen of the U.S. At least 35 years old At least 35 years old A resident of the U.S. for at least 14 years before taking office A resident of the U.S. for at least 14 years before taking office

7. Presidential Succession 8 presidents died in office (4 were shot and 4 died of natural causes) 8 presidents died in office (4 were shot and 4 died of natural causes) 25 th Amendment established the order of succession to the presidency 25 th Amendment established the order of succession to the presidency –Vice president –Speaker of the House –President pro tempore –Secretary of state followed by the other 14 department heads

8. Section 2: Electing the President

9. The Original Electoral College Each state had as many electors as it had senators and representatives in Congress Each state had as many electors as it had senators and representatives in Congress No popular vote for presidential elections No popular vote for presidential elections The candidate receiving the highest number of votes was the president and second highest was the vice president The candidate receiving the highest number of votes was the president and second highest was the vice president

10. The Electoral College Today Parties choose their nominees in conventions Parties choose their nominees in conventions Voters cast ballots for president on the Tuesday after the first Monday in November every four years Voters cast ballots for president on the Tuesday after the first Monday in November every four years 538 electors (Wyoming = 3 and California = 55) 538 electors (Wyoming = 3 and California = 55) Winner-take-all system except for Maine and Nebraska Winner-take-all system except for Maine and Nebraska Most states do not legally require electors to vote for the candidate who wins the popular vote Most states do not legally require electors to vote for the candidate who wins the popular vote

11. Electoral College Map http://www.realclearpolitics.com/epolls/m aps/obama_vs_mccain/ http://www.realclearpolitics.com/epolls/m aps/obama_vs_mccain/ http://www.realclearpolitics.com/epolls/m aps/obama_vs_mccain/ http://www.realclearpolitics.com/epolls/m aps/obama_vs_mccain/ http://www.270towin.com/ http://www.270towin.com/ http://www.270towin.com/

12. Section 3: The Cabinet

14. The Selection of the Cabinet Cabinet—15 secretaries, vice president, and several other top officials Cabinet—15 secretaries, vice president, and several other top officials Cabinet members… Cabinet members… 1.Must have a background having to do with the department he/she is going to head 2.Must be well-educated 3.Usually are from various parts of the country 4.Usually include diverse racial and gender representation

15. Nominations and Confirmation The president-elect often leaks candidates names to the media to see the reaction The president-elect often leaks candidates names to the media to see the reaction The Senate holds confirmation hearings The Senate holds confirmation hearings Most are approved by the Senate Most are approved by the Senate

16. Strength of Cabinet Stronger presidents (Jackson, Lincoln, FDR,…) often ignored their cabinet Stronger presidents (Jackson, Lincoln, FDR,…) often ignored their cabinet –Jackson got advice from friends nicknamed the “kitchen cabinet” –FDR relied on a group of professors known as the “brain trust” and his wife Eleanor Some cabinet positions have more power such as the secretary of state, secretary of defense, secretary of the treasury, and the attorney general Some cabinet positions have more power such as the secretary of state, secretary of defense, secretary of the treasury, and the attorney general

17. Vice President of the United States Joseph R. Biden Vice President of the United States Joseph R. Biden Department of State Secretary Hillary Rodham Clinton Department of State Secretary Hillary Rodham Clinton Department of the Treasury Secretary Timothy F. Geithner Department of Defense Secretary Leon E. Panetta Department of the Treasury Secretary Timothy F. Geithner Department of Defense Secretary Leon E. Panetta Department of Justice Attorney General Eric H. Holder, Jr. Department of Justice Attorney General Eric H. Holder, Jr. Department of the Interior Secretary Kenneth L. Salazar Department of the Interior Secretary Kenneth L. Salazar Department of Agriculture Secretary Thomas J. Vilsack\ Department of Agriculture Secretary Thomas J. Vilsack\ Department of Commerce Secretary-designate: Gary F. Locke Department of Commerce Secretary-designate: Gary F. Locke Department of Labor Secretary Hilda L. Solis Department of Labor Secretary Hilda L. Solis Department of Health and Human Services Kathleen Sebelius Department of Health and Human Services Kathleen Sebelius Department of Housing and Urban Development Secretary Shaun L.S. Donovan Department of Housing and Urban Development Secretary Shaun L.S. Donovan Department of Transportation Secretary Raymond L. LaHood Department of Transportation Secretary Raymond L. LaHood Department of Energy Secretary Steven Chu Department of Energy Secretary Steven Chu Department of Education Secretary Arne Duncan Department of Education Secretary Arne Duncan Department of Veterans Affairs Secretary Eric K. Shinseki Department of Veterans Affairs Secretary Eric K. Shinseki Department of Homeland Security Secretary Janet A. Napolitano Department of Homeland Security Secretary Janet A. Napolitano

18. Political Cartoon 1. Background Knowledge 2. Words and Images 3. Distorting Reality 4. Symbols 5. Stereotypes

28. Factors Limiting the Cabinet’s Roles Conflicting loyalties Conflicting loyalties Difficulty in keeping a secret Difficulty in keeping a secret Lack of trust Lack of trust

29. Section 4: The Executive Office

30. EOP Executive Office of the President— individuals and agencies that directly assist the president Executive Office of the President— individuals and agencies that directly assist the president

31. Why the Executive Office Grows 1. Every president has reorganized it, adding new agencies or expanding existing ones in response to the problems of the day 2. Some problems facing the nation’s industrial society are very complex 3. Many of today’s huge federal programs require several executive departments and agencies to work together

32. Agencies in the EOP Office of Management and Budget Office of Management and Budget National Security Council National Security Council National Homeland Security Council National Homeland Security Council Council of Economic Advisers Council of Economic Advisers Plus more… Plus more…

33. White House Office Chief of staff Chief of staff White House counsel White House counsel Press secretary Press secretary