2. The Great Awakening

3. England HarvardYale William and Mary Those who do not go are open to a new message Isn’t this what we wanted to get away from? The Religious hierarchy? HOWEVER, WE WILL SEE THAT IT IS THIS EVENT THAT WILL SHOW ORDINARY PEOPLE THAT THEY CAN SHAPE THE FUTURE!

4. “THE Great Awakening” challenges traditional beliefs about the Center of power in British North America. Believers are forced to choose between “New Lights” and Old Lights” Return of Church Authority: by the 1730’s the Philadelphia Synod requires all ministers to hold a degree from Europe, or Harvard, or Yale..

5. The Cultural Transformation of British North America The British colonies were more open to intellectual and religious challenges than the French and Spanish. Literacy widespread in British colonies British colonial officials made little attempt at cultural censorship. 4© 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

6. The Enlightenment Challenge Enlightenment ideas emphasized rationality, harmony, and order. ◦The state existed to provide for happiness and security of individuals who were endowed with rights of life, liberty, and property. Enlightenment ideas ◦Traditional views also had strong popular appeal. ◦Colleges held to a mixture of traditional and enlightened views. 5© 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

7. 6 The first page of the New England Primer (1689), published in Boston, which in its various editions sold more than 5 million copies. In addition to the letters of the alphabet, illustrated by crude but charming woodcuts and couplets, the book contained simple moral texts based on Biblical history and wisdom.

8. A Decline in Religious Devotion The spread of new ideas occurred during a period of religious decline. The Puritan Church experienced falling membership and attendance at services. The change from a congregational to an established church contributed to the Puritan decline. 7© 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

9. GEORGE!

10. George Whitefield New Light vs. Old Light Differences between George and the puritans: -Religion is open to all! -You don’t need a middle man -Don’t need a “church building” -Don’t need to be a biblical scholar to converse with the All Mighty! -It is a matter of emotion and heart, not the intellect. -Feel it! You can be saved today. -“Laying on of hands”: people may faint, shake, but when awake is clean and forgiven. This becomes part of American religion of the 1730”s Sound familiar?

11. The Great Awakening In the 1730s, the Great Awakening began with Jonathan Edwards calling for a return to Puritan traditions that appealed to dissatisfied young people. The movement spread as thousands of people experienced emotional conversions. In 1738, George Whitefield toured America, further fueling the movement. Conflicts developed between Old and New Lights. In the South, the Great Awakening introduced Christianity to slaves. The Great Awakening greatly increased church membership. 10© 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

12. 11 In this satirical British cartoon of 1760 evangelist George Whitefield preaches to a crowd of listeners while holding a bag of “cash.” The crowd below adds critical comment, one man remarking that the “Rev. Mr. Humbug” is worth no more than a “halfpenny,” and the woman next to him wishing that Whitefield’s “spirit was in my flesh.” Source: Copyright the British Museum.

13. Let’s read someone’s account!

14. The Politics of Revivalism Revivalism had political implications. Revivalism offered people the first chance to participate in public debate. It empowered ordinary people to challenge their leaders. 13© 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

15. Who are the New Lights ? Who are the old lights? “Dangers” of Awakening Religion (read excerpt) -“-“Old Lights” say this type of conversion is crazy! Too much emotion! -R-Reminds them of “witchcraft”. What do you think? Legitimate criticism or possible hint of jealousy?

16. Mass Media If you can’t see him how do you get his message? Ben was good pals with George Whitefield And published many of his sermons in pamphlet form. - Ben makes good money off this! - Whitefield preached against the “God of money”, but is willing to use commerce to spread the message! - Heads back to England! Enter…

17. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3REg6ZWLjZA Jonathan Edwards

18. Sinners in the hands of an Angry God (read together)

19. Political Ramifications England HarvardYale Philly Synod A Big step towards the Revolution!

20. Ultimately, this may be considered the first real “national event” in American history