1. 7.2.1 SUMMARIZE THE STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE MAJOR COMPONENTS OF PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS

2. CELLS  A cell is the smallest unit of life that conducts all life functions  Each cell has major structures that are called organelles that help to perform life functions  Many organelles are too small to be seen without the aid of a microscope  Cells in organisms vary in size and shape, but contain most of the same major parts

3. CELL MEMBRANE  Thin, flexible outer covering of a cell  Controls what enters and leaves a cell

4. CYTOPLASM  Gel-like fluid inside of a cell  Made of mostly water  Contains other organelles

5. NUCLEUS  Contains the genetic material (DNA)  Control center of the cell

6. VACUOLE o Temporary storage center o Some store water, others store waste products

7. CHLOROPLASTS  Site where photosynthesis takes place in a plant cell  Contains chlorophyll used to make food

8. MITOCHONDRIA  Energy producing sites  Respiration takes place here  Also known as the “powerhouse” of a cell

9. CELL WALL  Provides support and shape for plant cells.  Made mostly of cellulose

10. 7.2.2 COMPARE THE MAJOR COMPONENTS OF PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS

11. ORGANELLES Structures that are specific to plant cells: Cell wall chloroplast

12. MAJOR DIFFERENCES  Plant cells have a cell wall, but animal cells do not. Cell walls provide support and give shape to plants.  Plant cells have chloroplasts, but animal cells do not. Chloroplasts enable plants to perform photosynthesis to make food.  Plant cells usually have one or more large vacuole(s), while animal cells have smaller vacuoles, if any are present. Large vacuoles help provide shape and allow the plant to store water and food for future use. The storage function plays a lesser role in animal cells, therefore the vacuoles are smaller.