1. Paraphrase, Quote, Summary, Citation

2. Paraphrase To put someone else’s ideas in your own words.

3. Paraphrase Example Original Sentence- “The man himself never stood taller than five feet, six inches tall, but in the realm of American literature, William Faulkner is a giant.” Paraphrase- Although he was short, William Faulkner was a major American Writer (MWP, Biography).

4. Summary To find “the main idea” and put it in your own words. A summary is shorter than the original sentence or paragraph you read.

5. Summary Example Original Paragraph “William Cuthbert Falkner was born on September 25, 1897, in New Albany, Mississippi, the first of four sons born to Murry and Maud Butler Falkner. He was named after his great- grandfather, William Clark Falkner, the “Old Colonel,” who had been killed eight years earlier in the streets of Ripley, Mississippi.

6. Summary Example Summary- Falkner was born on September 25, 1897. He was born in New Albany to Murry and Maud Butler Falkner. He was named for his grandfather William Clark Faulkner. (MWP, Biography).

7. Quoting A quotation is a direct copy of the original work. It must be surrounded by “quotation” marks.

8. Quotation Example Original Sentence: “A few days before William’s fifth birthday, the Falkners moved to Oxford, Mississippi, at the urging of Murry’s father, John Wesley Thompson Falkner.” Quotation: “A few days before William’s fifth birthday, the Falkners moved to Oxford, Mississippi, at the urging of Murry’s father, John Wesley Thompson Falkner (MWP, Biography).”

9. Citations A way to tell your reader and yourself where your information came from. There are two types (“in-text” and “references”). In text citations go in the middle of your paper and works cited is a page at the end that lists all the sources you used.