1. 9.2 Notes: Part III Objective: Describe how Lenin and Stalin create a totalitarian Russia.

2. Main Idea Lenin and Stalin create a totalitarian state to help Russia after revolution and civil war.

3. What is totalitarianism? Government control of entire country (education, press, economy)

4. What changes does Lenin make? New Economic Policy (N.E.P.)   Involves small-scale capitalism, some government ownership, and foreign investment  Successful!

5. What changes does Lenin make? Political Reforms  Bolsheviks feared Nationalism  Country renamed Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)

7. What changes does Lenin make? Political Reforms (continued)  Bolsheviks rename their party  Communist Party  “A dictatorship of the Communist Party”

8. What changes does Stalin make? Lenin suffers a stroke in 1922 Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin compete for power

9. What changes does Stalin make? 1929 - Trotsky is exiled and Stalin becomes leader of the Communist party

10. What changes does Stalin make? Police Terror  Police enforce governmental policies  Secret Police  Great Purge = Communist campaign of terror directed at eliminating anyone who threatened his power (8-13 million deaths)  Gulag = forced labor camps

11. Before…

12. … After

13. What changes does Stalin make? Education & Indoctrination  Schools used to brainwash children  Teachers imprisoned for not teaching Communist propaganda

14. What changes does Stalin make? Propaganda and Censorship  Propaganda = biased or one-sided information  Censorship = governmental control of media “Beloved Stalin is the People’s Fortune”

15. What changes does Stalin make? Religious or Ethnic Persecution  Communism to replace religion  “Museums of atheism”  Russian Orthodox church labeled “enemies of the state”

16. What changes does Stalin make? Stalin’s Five-year Plans   Plan to develop Soviet Union’s economy  Change in Industry – governmental quotas/limits on economic production  Change in Agriculture – government seizes private farms Many peasants fought against the government

17. "We farmers are liquidating the kulaks as a class on the basis of complete collectivization."