2. Wedges of Separation 1850-1860

3. Can the federal government prohibit slavery in the Territories?

6. “There are eleven hundred coming from Platte County to vote and it that ain’t enough we can send five thousand-enough to kill every God-damned abolitionist in the Territory”-Senator David Atchinson Missouri

8. John Brown

10. Senator Charles Sumner

12. Dred Scott

13. John Brown

15. “His zeal in the cause of freedom was infinitely superior to mine. Mine was as the taper light; his was as the burning sun. I could live for the slave; John Brown could die for him.” Frederick Douglass

16. Abraham Lincoln-1846

17. Abraham Lincoln-1860

18. “A house divided against itself cannot stand. I believe this government cannot endure, permanently half slave and half free. I do not expect the Union to be dissolved. I do not expect the house to fall. But I do expect it will cease to be divided. It will become all one thing, or all the other.” Lincoln, 1858

20. “Let me tell you what is coming. You may, after the sacrifice of countless millions of treasure and hundreds of thousands of lives win Southern independence. But I doubt it, the North is determined to preserve this Union. They are not a fiery, impulsive people as you are, for they live in colder climates. But when they begin to move in a given direction…they move with the steady momentum and perseverance of almighty avalanche.” Sam Houston-1861

21. 1861-62

23. President James Buchanan

24. Jefferson Davis

30. Bull Run, VA

31. “Your little army, derided for its want of arms, derided for its lack of all the essential material of war, has met the grand army of the enemy, routed it at every point, and it now flies, inglorious in retreat before our victorious columns. We have taught them a lesson in their invasion of the sacred soil of Virginia.” Jefferson Davis (CSA) after 1st Bull Run

32. “There is no doubt that Jefferson Davis and other leaders of the South have made an army; they are making, it appears, a navy, and they have made what is more than either- they have made a nation. We may anticipate with certainly the success of the Southern states.” William E. Gladstone, British Chancellor of the Exchequer

39. General George McClellan

40. General Robert E. Lee CSA

41. Antietam-September 17, 1862

52. King Cotton Diplomacy An attempt to blackmail Britain or France to recognize the Confederacy as a nation

53. Process Create an artificial cotton shortage

55. Process Create an artificial cotton shortage Leads to higher unemployment in Britain & France

57. Process Create an artificial cotton shortage Leads to higher unemployment in Britain & France Unemployment leads to an increase in social problems such as crime, prostitution, etc. These problems will force Britain and France to recognize the Confederacy and thus resume cotton shipments

58. Reasons for Failure Egyptian cotton was abundant. British and French crop failures forced them to import Union wheat. British and French working classes willing to suffer if it meant the end of slavery in the United States.

63. General George Meade

64. General Robert E. Lee CSA

71. Big Round Top @ Gettysburg

72. Little Round Top @ Gettysburg

76. General Ulysses S. Grant

79. “The army is now ripe for mutiny, unless it can be fed. If you can’t feed us, you’d better surrender us, horrible as the idea is, than suffer this noble army to disgrace themselves by desertion.—many soldiers.” Note to General John Pemberton (CSA) from his soldiers at Vicksburg

81. “We must destroy this army of Grant’s before he gets to the James River. If he gets there, it will become a siege, and then it will be a mere question of time.” Lee, June 1864 to Jubal Early

82. General William Tecumseh Sherman

83. John Bell Hood

84. “Atlanta is ours and fairly won” Sherman

86. “I will make Georgia howl.” Sherman

89. Sherman’s March to the Sea Decided to live off the land 1. Sherman can cut his supply line and move his army faster. 2. Taking supplies from civilians inflicts terror on the civilian population. Union Army burns what they cannot consume

90. Effect of Sherman’s Terror 1. Proves to Confederate citizens that their government is incapable of protecting them. 2. Increases the desertion rate of the Confederate Army as soldiers go home to protect their families.

92. 1865-The End “The deep waters are closing over us.” Mary Chestnut

93. When I learned that Sherman’s army was marching through the Salkiehatchie Swamps, making its own roads at the rate of a dozen miles per day and bringing its artillery and wagons with it, I made up my mind that there had been no such army in existence since the days of Julius Caesar.” Joseph Johnston CSA

98. “Thank God I have lived to see this. It seems to me that I have been dreaming a horrid nightmare for four years, and now the nightmare is over.” Lincoln early April 1865

99. “The result of last week must convince you of the hopelessness of further resistance. I regard it as my duty to shift from myself the responsibility of any further effusion of blood, by asking of you the surrender of that portion of the Confederate States Army known as the Army of Northern Virginia.” Grant April 7, 1865

100. “There is nothing left for me to do but to go and see General Grant and I would rather die a thousand deaths.” Lee, April 9, 1865

101. “Boys, I have done the best I could for you. Go home now, and if you make as good citizens as you have soldiers, you will do well, and I shall always be proud of you. Goodbye, and God bless.” Lee April 9 1865

104. John Wilkes Booth

106. “Our country owed all our troubles to Lincoln. God made me the instrument of his punishment.” John Wilkes Booth