1. Energy Efficiency in the Building Sector in Egypt
Presentation by
Dr. Paul H. Suding , GTZ
„Energy Efficiency Made in Germany“
Nile Hotel Cairo 08 December 2009

2. Content Building sector energy in Egypt
Residential energy consumption structures and trends, issues
RE & EE potentials
Framework conditions & energy prices
Policy initiatives and cooperation projects
Suding GTZ GACIC
08/12 /2009

3. Building Energy in Egypt, own estimates
Buildings
Energy
5-7 mil residential (and mixed use) buildings; 18–19 mil apartments
commercial buildings
public buildings
17-18 mil res. customers; TWh electricity & Mtoe energy
1.2 mil com. customers; 3 TWh electricity
public customers; 16 TWh electricity
The numbers are calculated by Dr. Paul Suding
based on electricity consumption statistics, housing surveys , IEA energy statistics and plausibility checks.
Suding GTZ GACIC
08/12 /2009

4. Building Energy Consumption Egypt, by Sectors
The numbers are calculated by Dr. Paul Suding
based IEA energy statistics and plausibility checks.
The respective consumption in Germany
Mtoe Residential (12 elt)
25 Mtoe commercial and public (11 elt)
Suding GTZ GACIC
08/12 /2009

5. Residential Energy Egypt, by fuel and purpose
The numbers are calculated by Dr. Paul Suding
based on electricity consumption statistics, EEHC analysis, HBRC surveys, EEIGGR -UNDP project analysis, IEA energy statistics and plausibility checks.
Suding GTZ GACIC
08/12 /2009

6. Building Energy in Egypt, ISSUES
Rapid load growth causes growing power capacity requirements
Extremely high LPG consumption leads to imports of this product
High electricity coverage, low average consumption but extreme inequality
Inefficiencies lead to high electricity consumption
Suding GTZ GACIC
08/12 /2009

7. ISSUE: Load profile (summer) and peak load growth (over 1 GW/year)
From EEHC (Dr. Shaher Anis)
Suding GTZ GACIC
08/12 /2009

8. ISSUE: High access, low average consumption, extreme inequality
Calculations made by Dr. Paul Suding based on consumptions statistics from EEHC.
Results:
80% /20% of residential customers use 50% of electricity each
5% of residential customers consume 23% of residential electricity
35% of res customers consume only 10% of res. Elt
Egypt Germany
Res Elt cons per capita (kWh/a/cap) /1500
Res Energy per capita kgoe/a/cap 88.5 /808
Suding GTZ GACIC
08/12 /2009

9. Building Energy in Egypt, RE & EE potentials
Light – CFL and LED, natural light
HVAC – building codes and appliance efficiency, natural ventilation, passive solar in winter, solar assisted cooling
Water heating – solar water heaters and appliance efficiency
Refrigerators – appliance efficiency
Communication – appliance efficiency
Stand by functions
In general: user behavior,
Suding GTZ GACIC
08/12 /2009

10. Suding GTZ GACIC
08/12 /2009

11. Framework conditions
Energy prices offer some (elt) incentives for energy efficiency behavior (mind the purchase power!) but little incentives for efficient or decentralized renewable energy technologies (solar water heater)
Energy efficiency building codes exist for residential, commercial and public buildings; enforcement close to zero – new building law may help
Efficiency appliance labeling implemented, partly enforced
Some specific programs lately implemented, eg
Substitution of incandescent lamps by CFL
Support for SWH in Red sea area
Suding GTZ GACIC
08/12 /2009

12. Prices for in Energy in Buildings /
Block tariffs for electricity: 0.05 LE/kWh for the first 50 kWh per month per household, rising to 0.48 LE and 0.65 LE for each kWh consumed over 1000 kWh per month, in residences  or commercial buildings, respectively
LPG costs 2.5  LE per 12.5 kg, from store (unchanged since the early 1990s), which corresponds to 0.02 LE per kWh energy! The effective price for 12.5 kg canister delivered to the apartment is between 5 and 20 LE. 
Natural gas is being introduced in Egyptian households at a very competitive price of  0.15  LE/m3 for the first 15 m3, and  0,30 LE/m3 for the higher quantities. This corresponds to 0.02   and 0.04 LE/kWh rspv. !
Suding GTZ GACIC
08/12 /2009

13. Policy and cooperation projects
Green building council created: create GB code?
Gradual increase of elt prices
Focusing of LPG subsidies
Substitutions by NG; Some SWH activities
Awareness building
Capacity building
Technicians
Engineers & Architects
Developers & Construction companies
Local government authorities
Pilot and demo projects
Suding GTZ GACIC
08/12 /2009

14. Renewable Energy development and affordability
Not a conflict of objectives, but a conflict of instruments
as long as all petroleum products and natural gas are priced far below value, no level playing field for RE (RE appear too costly) in power generation and decentralized application.
Way out: change the instruments: restrict low energy prices to basic energy (and public transport), and increase the incentives for efficiency and the disincentives for misappropriation, smuggling, and wasteful consumption
Suding GTZ GACIC
08/12 /2009

15. www.jcee-eg.net THANK YOU
For more on RE in Egypt and JCEE please see our website
Suding GTZ GACIC
08/12 /2009

16. Egyptian German High Level Joint Committee for Renewable Energy, Energy Efficiency and Environmental Protection Postal Address c/o German Technical Cooperation (GTZ) GmbH 4d, El Gezirah – Street, Zamalek, Cairo, Egypt Office Address: JCEE Secretariat within in NREA compound Dr. Ibrahim Aboulnaga Street (ext of Abbas Elakad Street), Nasr City, Cairo Tel , Fax
Suding GTZ GACIC
08/12 /2009