1. ACADEMIC INTEGRITY Dorothy Griffiths Ph.D Associate Dean of Faculty of Social Sciences

2. Academic Integrity “The ability of the University to achieve its purposes depends upon the quality and integrity of the academic work that its faculty, staff and students perform. Academic freedom can flourish only in a community of scholars which recognizes that intellectual integrity, with its accompanying rights and responsibilities, lies at the heart of its mission. Observing basic honesty in one’s work, words, ideas, and actions is a principle to which all members of the community are required to subscribe.” (Princeton University, 2007-8, p2) “The ability of the University to achieve its purposes depends upon the quality and integrity of the academic work that its faculty, staff and students perform. Academic freedom can flourish only in a community of scholars which recognizes that intellectual integrity, with its accompanying rights and responsibilities, lies at the heart of its mission. Observing basic honesty in one’s work, words, ideas, and actions is a principle to which all members of the community are required to subscribe.” (Princeton University, 2007-8, p2) Rights Rules and Responsibilities Rights Rules and Responsibilities www.princeton.edu/pr/pub/rr/05/01.htm www.princeton.edu/pr/pub/rr/05/01.htm www.princeton.edu/pr/pub/rr/05/01.htm Retrieved August 23, 2007 Retrieved August 23, 2007

3. Academic Integrity-What is it? Demonstrates the exercise of academic skills in referencing other sources Demonstrates the exercise of academic skills in referencing other sources Represents a standard that guides your academic efforts Represents a standard that guides your academic efforts Implies that the degree you earn has been received through honest effort and reflects the product of your own work and learning Implies that the degree you earn has been received through honest effort and reflects the product of your own work and learning www.yorku.ca/tutorial/yquiz/acadinte_nologin /quiz Retrieved August 23, 2007 www.yorku.ca/tutorial/yquiz/acadinte_nologin /quiz Retrieved August 23, 2007 www.yorku.ca/tutorial/yquiz/acadinte_nologin /quiz Retrieved August 23 www.yorku.ca/tutorial/yquiz/acadinte_nologin /quiz Retrieved August 23

4. Breach of Academic Integrity can include (but is not limited to) Looking at some else’s paper in an exam or test Looking at some else’s paper in an exam or test Handing in a paper for credit that has been used in another class by you or another Handing in a paper for credit that has been used in another class by you or another Falsifying or forging documents, information or reports Falsifying or forging documents, information or reports Using unauthorized material during an exam or test Using unauthorized material during an exam or test Buying, selling or borrowing an essay or other work that is to receive credit Buying, selling or borrowing an essay or other work that is to receive credit Having someone do an assignment or exam for you Having someone do an assignment or exam for you Lending or borrowing a computer file, assignment or essay to another Lending or borrowing a computer file, assignment or essay to another Use of another persons ideas or work without giving credit Use of another persons ideas or work without giving credit

5. The most common breach of academic integrity is Plagiarism Plagiarism means presenting work done (in whole or in part) by someone else as if it were one’s own. (Brock University Calendar, 2007-8, 28) Plagiarism means presenting work done (in whole or in part) by someone else as if it were one’s own. (Brock University Calendar, 2007-8, 28) Plagiarism can occur Plagiarism can occur with intention to deceive or with intention to deceive or through careless disregard for the procedures for scholarly referencing and referencing of original sources (http://www.plagiarism.duke.edu/def/) through careless disregard for the procedures for scholarly referencing and referencing of original sources (http://www.plagiarism.duke.edu/def/)

6. Intentional Plagiarism This type of plagiarism is done knowingly and may involve: This type of plagiarism is done knowingly and may involve: Handing in another’s work as your own Handing in another’s work as your own Copying material from reference material or the internet and submitting it as your own Copying material from reference material or the internet and submitting it as your own Purchasing or borrowing work done by another to gain academic credit Purchasing or borrowing work done by another to gain academic credit

7. Unintentional Plagiarism This type of plagiarism is the result a lack of attention or blatant “disregard for properly scholarly procedures” (https://plagiarism.duke.edu/unintent?) This type of plagiarism is the result a lack of attention or blatant “disregard for properly scholarly procedures” (https://plagiarism.duke.edu/unintent?) Not citing sources for information used, unless the ideas are common knowledge Not citing sources for information used, unless the ideas are common knowledge Not using quotation marks when you use the exact words of another or paraphrasing (even if you cited the source) Not using quotation marks when you use the exact words of another or paraphrasing (even if you cited the source) Not appropriately citing sources Not appropriately citing sources

8. Common Errors Quotation: Exact reproduction of the words used from another source must be in quotation marks and referenced to the authors name, year and page in parentheses Quotation: Exact reproduction of the words used from another source must be in quotation marks and referenced to the authors name, year and page in parentheses Paraphrase: Changing the words from another source into your own words must be referenced by authors name and year in parentheses but phrases or terms within the paraphrasing must be quoted as above. Paraphrase: Changing the words from another source into your own words must be referenced by authors name and year in parentheses but phrases or terms within the paraphrasing must be quoted as above.

9. Common Misunderstanding Collaboration on projects is often encouraged. However collaboration may refer to a sharing of ideas not copying the same assignment. Collaboration on projects is often encouraged. However collaboration may refer to a sharing of ideas not copying the same assignment. UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED, the student is expected to produce original work. UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED, the student is expected to produce original work. Joint/group assignments typically involve only one submission per group; IF THIS IS SO IT WILL BE SPECIFIFED. Joint/group assignments typically involve only one submission per group; IF THIS IS SO IT WILL BE SPECIFIFED. Students must check with the professor about the nature of the collaboration if they are unsure. Students must check with the professor about the nature of the collaboration if they are unsure.

10. How to avoid falling into a plagiarism trap. Learn the style used in your discipline for academic citation and keep the book beside you as you write Learn the style used in your discipline for academic citation and keep the book beside you as you write When you are doing your research make sure you cite in your notes where you got the information and make sure you put it in your own words within your notes or record that it is a quote and what page it came from in the text When you are doing your research make sure you cite in your notes where you got the information and make sure you put it in your own words within your notes or record that it is a quote and what page it came from in the text Don’t leave projects to the last minute. Desperation is the number one leading cause of plagiarism (intentional or unintentional) Don’t leave projects to the last minute. Desperation is the number one leading cause of plagiarism (intentional or unintentional) Seek help if you are having difficulty Seek help if you are having difficulty If you cannot make the course deadline, then speak with the professor If you cannot make the course deadline, then speak with the professor http://plagiarism.duke.edu/avoiding/ http://plagiarism.duke.edu/avoiding/

11. Why Unintentional Plagiarism Occurs Stress (pressure to get good grades and see an or sure easy route) Stress (pressure to get good grades and see an or sure easy route) Confusion (are unsure how to paraphrase the sentence or how to use appropriate citations or confused about when collaboration becomes plagiarism) Confusion (are unsure how to paraphrase the sentence or how to use appropriate citations or confused about when collaboration becomes plagiarism) Frustration and embarrassment (material is very difficult and are unsure of how to get help or uncomfortable in asking for help) Frustration and embarrassment (material is very difficult and are unsure of how to get help or uncomfortable in asking for help) Overwhelmed (left it too late and are now running short of time) Overwhelmed (left it too late and are now running short of time) http://library.duke.edu/research/plagiarism/warning/in dex.html http://library.duke.edu/research/plagiarism/warning/in dex.html http://library.duke.edu/research/plagiarism/warning/in dex.html http://library.duke.edu/research/plagiarism/warning/in dex.html

12. Penalties for Academic Misconduct “Oral or written disciplinary warning or reprimand “Oral or written disciplinary warning or reprimand Lower grade or failure on the assignment or examination Lower grade or failure on the assignment or examination Failure in the course Failure in the course Suspension from the University for a definite period Suspension from the University for a definite period Notation on Students Official Transcript Notation on Students Official Transcript Withholding or rescinding a Brock degree or certificate” Withholding or rescinding a Brock degree or certificate” (Brock University Undergraduate Calendar 2007-9, p 29) (Brock University Undergraduate Calendar 2007-9, p 29)

13. Caution Whether a breach of academic integrity occurred intentionally or unintentionally does not bear consideration in determining guilt. Whether a breach of academic integrity occurred intentionally or unintentionally does not bear consideration in determining guilt. In other words, “I didn’t know” does not mitigate against the offence because students have been advised about academic integrity In other words, “I didn’t know” does not mitigate against the offence because students have been advised about academic integrity EACH student bears the responsibility to take steps to learn how to show integrity in academic work in University. EACH student bears the responsibility to take steps to learn how to show integrity in academic work in University.

14. Academic Misconduct Academic Misconduct is clearly spelled out in the Brock University Academic Regulations and University Policies which can be seen on page 28 of the Undergraduate Calendar 2007/08 and is also online. Academic Misconduct is clearly spelled out in the Brock University Academic Regulations and University Policies which can be seen on page 28 of the Undergraduate Calendar 2007/08 and is also online.

15. Steps to take: Don’t assume what you learned in high school or college will be adequate at University. Don’t assume what you learned in high school or college will be adequate at University. Ensure you are familiar with and keep handy the text for appropriate referencing (i.e. APA, MLS) Ensure you are familiar with and keep handy the text for appropriate referencing (i.e. APA, MLS) Plan a schedule for the term to make sure you begin papers early enough Plan a schedule for the term to make sure you begin papers early enough Seek help if you are running into trouble. Seek help if you are running into trouble.

16. Resources Student Development Services offers workshops on “Avoiding Plagiarism” and will set up a special workshop for you and five friends at any time. Student Development Services offers workshops on “Avoiding Plagiarism” and will set up a special workshop for you and five friends at any time. Find out how to prevent an unintentional error that might be academically costly and embarrassing. Find out how to prevent an unintentional error that might be academically costly and embarrassing. Visit some helpful websites such as http://www.plagiarism.duke.edu Visit some helpful websites such as http://www.plagiarism.duke.edu http://www.plagiarism.duke.edu