1. International Accelerator Facility for Beams of Ions and Antiprotons at Darmstadt The Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research Peter Malzacher, GSI EGEE'09, Barcelona, September 21th, 2009

2. International Accelerator Facility for Beams of Ions and Antiprotons at Darmstadt FAIR will be located in Darmstadt, Germany, adjacent to the existing GSI facility Geography Darmstadt lies in the German province called "State of Hesse" and is located near Frankfurt – just 20 minutes from the airport GSI is the German heavy ion research centre operated by the Federation and the State of Hesse under the umbrella of Helmholtz. Budget: roughly 70M€ / year

3. International Accelerator Facility for Beams of Ions and Antiprotons at Darmstadt The FAIR project is a true "bottom-up" project developed by thousands of scientists First ideas in the 1990s ►GSI researchers began discussions together with the outside users Elaboration of design in 2001 ►GSI had drawn up the Conceptual Design Report (CDR) for the new facility Definition of "The Project" in 2006 ►2500 authors submit the "FAIR Baseline Technical Report" (FBTR) which defines the project ►www.gsi.de/fair/reports/btr.htmlwww.gsi.de/fair/reports/btr.html Start of civil construction 2010 First year of operation 2016 Timeline submitted to "Scientific and Technical Issues" (STI) working group

4. International Accelerator Facility for Beams of Ions and Antiprotons at Darmstadt FAIR will push the intensity frontier orders of magnitude ahead Accelerator Primary beams 10 12 /s; 1.5-2 GeV/u; 238 U 28+ Factor 100-1000 over present intensity 2(4)x10 13 /s 30 GeV protons 10 10 /s 238 U 92+ up to 35 GeV/u up to 90 GeV protons Secondary beams Broad range of radioactive beams up to 1.5 - 2 GeV/u; up to factor 10 000 in intensity over present intensities Antiprotons 0 - 15 GeV Key features Cooled beams Rapidly cycling superconducting magnets Storage and cooler rings Radioactive beams e - – A (or Antiproton-A) collider 10 11 stored and cooled 0.8 - 14.5 GeV antiprotons Polarised antiprotons (?) SIS FRS ESR SIS 100/300 HESR Super FRS NESR CR RESR CBM HADES FLAIR

5. International Accelerator Facility for Beams of Ions and Antiprotons at Darmstadt FAIR will address fundamental questions concer- ning matter on microscopic and cosmic scales Basic science at FAIR: strongly correlated many-body sytems ►How did matter in the early universe evolve? ►...and why does it look the way it does today? ►How does the electromagnetic force look like under extreme conditions? ►How does the strong force work? ►Where do the masses of e.g. the nucleons come from? ►Mass in the medium? ►Where do all the isotopes come from (Fe to U)? ►... and what about their abundances in the universe? ►Exotic atoms, antimatter? FAIR science case

6. International Accelerator Facility for Beams of Ions and Antiprotons at Darmstadt FAIR – will be built by an international collaboration, it costs ~1.2 billion € (75% Germany, 25% partner, partly in kind) FAIR partners

7. International Accelerator Facility for Beams of Ions and Antiprotons at Darmstadt EC has supported R&D and prototyping for FAIR with more than 36M€ Support from European Commission (EC) Sixth Framework Programme ►"Construction of New Infrastructure" 10.4M€ EC contribution ►"Design Study" 9.0M€ EC contribution ►"I3 HadronPhysics" 10.8M€ FAIR-related EC contribution ►"EURONS" 2.0M€ FAIR-related EC contribution Seventh Framework Programme ►"FAIR preparatory phase" 4.9M€ R&D and prototyping does not count towards 1,200M€ from "cost book"

8. International Accelerator Facility for Beams of Ions and Antiprotons at Darmstadt The accelerator will serve several experiments in parallel operation The FAIR experiments NUSTAR CBM PANDA APPA

9. International Accelerator Facility for Beams of Ions and Antiprotons at Darmstadt Two HEP like experiments: CBM & PANDA, two research fields with a lot of smaller experiments Heavy ion physics ►CBM Hadron physics ►PANDA Nuclear structure and astrophysics (NUSTAR) ►Super-FRS ►HISPEC / DESPEC ►MATS ►LASPEC ►R3B ►ILIMA ►AIC ►ELISe ►EXL Atomic physics, plasma physics and applied physics (APPA) ►SPARC ►FLAIR ►HEDgeHOB ►WDM ►BIOMAT Each collaboration may involve a few dozen or a few hundred scientists. Some experiment set-ups are small, others will cost ca. one hundred million euros. ICT challenges: Sociology

10. International Accelerator Facility for Beams of Ions and Antiprotons at Darmstadt Triggerless detector read-out: 1TB/s into an event filter farm with ~60k cores, 1GB/s to archive ►The current paradigm for ICT-based data analysis in high-energy physics relies on trigger systems ►Trigger systems use simple criteria to rapidly decide which "interesting" events in a particle detector to transport to further data processing and archiving stages. Trigger systems were necessary due to real-world limitations in data transport and processing bandwidth. ►At FAIR a novel triggerless detector read-out will be implemented without conventional first-level hardware triggers, relying exclusively on event filters ►This new approach allows to address more complicated physics signatures which require complex algorithms, like a full track reconstruction, or information from many detectors systems for evaluation → more flexibility, more discovery potential ►The first layer of the system constitutes the first-level event selector (FLES). The FLES implements a combination of specialized processing elements such as GPUs, CELL or FPGAs in combination with COTS computers, connected by an efficient high-speed network. After the FLES the data stream fans out into an archival system and into the next distributed processing layers, which can be off-site ICT challenges: new read-out scheme

11. International Accelerator Facility for Beams of Ions and Antiprotons at Darmstadt ICT challenges: software framework The FairRoot framework is used by CBM, PANDA and parts of NUSTAR Run Manager Event Generator Magnetic Field Detector base IO Manager Tasks RTDataBase Oracle Conf, Par, Geo Root files Conf, Par, Geo Root files Hits, Digits, Tracks Application Cuts, processes Event Display Track propagation ROOT Virtual MC Geant3 Geant4 FLUKA G4VMC FlukaVMC G3VMC Geometry STS TRD TOF RICH ECAL MVD ZDC MUCH ASCII Urqmd Pluto Track finding digitizers Hit Producers Dipole Map Active Map const. field CBM Code STT MUO TOF DCH EMC MVD TPC DIRC ASCII EVT DPM Track finding digitizers Hit Producers Dipole Map Solenoid Map const. field Panda Code common developments Always in close contact Close contact

12. International Accelerator Facility for Beams of Ions and Antiprotons at Darmstadt ~ 30 km direct coupling between Uni Frankfurt and GSI ~100Gb/s; new CC Frankfurt new CC GSI ICT challenges: Data storage and access We plan a combined tier0/1 centre for FAIR located at GSI and the university of Frankfurt Data archive in the same order as LHC

13. International Accelerator Facility for Beams of Ions and Antiprotons at Darmstadt Remote access to data and computing via the Grid: example PANDA Grid with AliEn