1. Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry & Fisheries (MAFF), Cambodia
General Directorate of Agriculture (GDA)
GDA
ASIA RICE CROP WORKSHOP Bali, Indonesia 21-22/10/13 Pech ROMNEA, Deputy Director, Rice Crop Department, GDA, MAFF, Cambodia. Mobile Phone: (+855)
MAFF

2. About GDA Main objectives of the GDA are:
General Directorate of Agriculture, Cambodia
founded in late 2008 with a purpose of ensuring food security to the people; manage and quality control and safety use of agricultural products; promote the agricultural productivity through agricultural diversification; involve in poverty reduction through increase farm incomes and ensure marketing of products.
Main objectives of the GDA are:
analytical support for decision-making of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry & Fisheries, which related to food security and food fro safety.
Research & development and extension to ensure food security, promote standard of living and promotion crop production and export,
Provide extensive and effectiveness of extension services to the farmers and stakeholders,
Organize and develop the Agricultural Farm Cooperative,
Development of law and regulation which related to sanitation and phytosanitation; to manage the use of chemical matters, bio – agents and quality control and testing of agricultural inputs and products,
Collaboration with foreign and international research institutes within the region and global

3. Country Profile GDA Fact Territory: 181,035 sq.km
Population: mn, of which 78% - in rural area
GDP : $ 33.6 bn (2012)
Agriculture: 34.7%, Crop occupies 54.8% , Livestock & Poultry occupies 14.1%, Fisheries, Forestry & Logging occupies 25.4 % and 5 % respectively.
Industry: 24.3 %
Service: 41.0 % (2012 est.)
GDP growth: 7.3% (2012)
GDP per capita: PPP $2,490 (2012)
Norminal ~ 1,150 (2012)
Unemployment: 3.5%
Inflation (CPI): 4.1%
FDI inflow: $891.7 mn
Global competitiveness index: 95/140
Ease of Doing Business Rank: 138th
Data Source: MoP, MoEF, 2012

4. Climate and Season GDA Climate: Hot and wet Seasons April is hottest
December is coolest
Temperature:
Max: 32.10C
Mean: C
Min: 23.50C
Seasons
Dry season: Nov-Apr
Wet season : May-Oct
1,458mm of rainfall per year (May to October)
Annual relative humidity: 60-80%
Day length : 11h-13h
December : shortest
June: longest
Data Source: MAFF, 2012

5. Soil Fertility in Cambodia
GDA
High Fertile Soil
Water Body
Low Fertile Soil
Medium Fertile
Data source: CARDI/MAFF,

6. Land Use GDA Agriculture 24% Forest covered 56% Grass land 6%
Shrub land 10%
Soil-Rock 0.2%
Urban Built Up %
Water Body 3%
Data source: MAFF, 2012

7. Agriculture in Cambodia
GDA
Fact
Gross value added for agri (bn US$):2.1 (2012)
Labour force: 8.8 mn (2012)
Labor force by occupation:
57.6% population engaged in agriculture
15.9 % engaged in industry
26.5% engaged in services (2011)
2012 record grain (rice) harvests of 9.98 mn tons
2012 mill rice exports : 205,717 tons
2012 record grain (maize, cassava, beans) harvests of mn tons
Land
4.395 mn ha – agricultural land
2.98 mn ha – rice cultivate land
0.913 mn ha - Cash + Industrial crops land
0.194 mn ha – Permanence crops land
0.281 mn ha – Rubber plant
Average agri unit own or rent 2.2 ha (own 92% , rented – in 8%)
Planting acreage 2012 (ths.ha) Yield in 2012, tons per ha
Source of date: MEF, MoP, MAFF, 2012

8. Diversified Vegetation
GDA
Tonle Sap Region
Rice, maize
Cassava
Sugarcane,
Jute
Fruits,
Livestock
Mountainous Region
Rubber plant, coffee, Black pepper, fruits
Livestock (beef & diary)
Vegetable & flowers
Soybean, Peanut
Sesame
Mekong Plain Region
Rice, maize, soybean
Livestock (pork, poultry)
Sesame, peanut
Vegetable & fruits
Costal Region
Fruits,
Livestock,
Rice, cassava
Green bean,
Black pepper,
Sesame

9. Paddy Land Distribution
GDA
Rainfed lowland: 68%
Deep water/ floating:3%
Irrigated/dry season: 27 %
Upland rice: 2%
Data source: MAFF, 2012

10. Paddy Rice distribute by Types
GDA
Source: MAFF, 2012

11. GDA Rice Typical Farming System Productivity:3.11t/ha (2012)
Surplus: 4.7mn t of grain 2012
Export 205,717 tons 2012
Export upto266,000 tons (Oct 13)
9.3M/T
Data source: MAFF, 2012

12. Rice Production Status for Last 5 years (2008-12)
GDA
Descriptions
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Change 2012/2011
Cultivated Areas(Ha)
2,615,741
2,719,080
2,795,892
2,968,529
3,007,454
1.11%
Harvested Areas (Ha)
2,613,363
2,674,603
2,777,323
2,766,617
2,980,297
7.50%
Yield (T/Ha)
2.746
2.836
2.970
3.173
3.117
-1.54%
Production (MT)
7,175,473
7,585,870
8,249,452
8,779,365
9,290,940
5.84%

13. How to collect rice related statistics in Cambodia
GDA
Two systems of rice statistics collection
Area planting, harvesting / crop damages: Reporting system from District Provincial National Level
Crop Cutting Survey (Sampling techniques): Crop yield
This System is under responsible of Department of Planning & Statistics/MAFF

14. Is there any rice production forecasting (estimation) system
GDA
Is there any rice production forecasting (estimation) system
Cambodia has not yet set up the system to forecast the rice crop production, but the RGC has set up the policy on Promotion Paddy Production and Export ( ), Cambodia can export ONE million tons of rice to the world markets in year 2015.
Based on Long / Medium term Strategic Plan for Agricultural Development.

15. Do you use any satellite data for monitoring rice
GDA
Cambodia has not fully use of satellite data for monitoring rice crop. But in early 2013, government of Switzerland incorporated with IRRI has initiated the pilot project, called: Remote Sensing – Based Information and Insurance for Crops in Emerging Economies (RIICE) within CARDI (Cambodia Agricultural Research & Development Institute); is to reduce vulnerability of small-holder farmers engaged in rice production.
RIICE project make use of remote sensing technology, based on satellite data provided mainly by the European Space Agency.

16. Do you use any satellite data for monitoring rice
GDA
Cambodia has not fully use of satellite data for monitoring rice crop. But in early 2013, government of Switzerland incorporated with IRRI has initiated the pilot project, called: Remote Sensing – Based Information and Insurance for Crops in Emerging Economies (RIICE) within CARDI (Cambodia Agricultural Research & Development Institute); is to reduce vulnerability of small-holder farmers engaged in rice production in two ways:
Increase the information on rice growth areas and expected yields in better managing domestic rice production and distribution both during the normal growing cycle as well as after natural catastrophes struck.
Provide access to insurance solution for government, agricultural intermediates (such as cooperative or rural banks) and rural farmers to cushion the financial effects on farmers that stem from flood & drought

17. Farm Production System or Farm Situation
GDA

18. Production System or Farm Situation
GDA

19. 1 3 2 4 Good Governance GDA Government Policy: “Rectangular Strategy”
Enhancement of Agriculture Sector
Further Rehabilitation and Construction of Physical Infrastructure
Good Governance
Private Sector Development and Employment 3 2
Capacity Building and Human Resource Development 4

20. Enhancement of Agriculture Sector
Rectangular Strategy
GDA 1
Enhancement of Agriculture Sector
Improving agricultural productivity and diversification
Land reform and mine clearance
Fisheries reform
Forestry reform

21. GDA Government Policy: “Promotion of paddy production and export”
MAFF Policy Direction
To ensure enough & safe food availability for all people, reduce poverty, increase GDP per capita and sustainable natural resource management & conservation.
“To ensure food security, increase incomes, create employment and improve nutrition status for all people by improving the productivity and diversification and commercialization of agriculture with environmentally sound protection and food safety”.
Policy Paper on “the Promotion of Paddy Production and Rice Export” was promulgated on 17th August 2010 by RGC and all concerned stakeholders to develop “Action Program” for efficient and effective implementation. In this regard, the RGC has set the year 2015 as the target year to achieve paddy surplus of more than 4 million tons and achieve rice export of at least 1 mn tons.

22. Poor infrastructure for productions, processing and marketing
Key Challenges / Issues
GDA
Poor infrastructure for productions, processing and marketing
Low level of Post – harvest Technology and Marketing accessibility
Insufficient Institutes Capacity
Irrigation Systems (up to 1.2 mn ha can access to water)
Natural disasters (Floods and Droughts…), Climate Change
Lack of Investment Finances,
High cost of power (electricity ),
High cost of inputs prices (mostly imported)

23. Thanks for your kind attention