3. White View of Blacks  Racial equality insult to white Southern pride  Blacks viewed as inferior race (property)  While Southerners believed God created black people for the special purpose of working and serving white people  Racial equality is immoral because it violated God’s plan  Feared black people would get idea that they are as good as or better than white people  Openly challenging authority of whites

4. How will the south survive?  Felt despair for their “Lost Cause”  Preserve a government and way of life considered superior and a covenant with God  Southern plantation owners worried about their future and getting back financially (slave labor raised more than half of crops)  Poor white southerners who worked for other white people feared black people might take their jobs  Freed blacks were leaving plantation/farms to roam countryside creating labor shortage  Looking for family members  Looking for new places to live and to work  Moved to Southern cities/towns looking for schools, food, & medical care  Trying to escape cruel masters  Heading north

5. Reconstruction:  http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/reconstruction http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/reconstruction  Discussion Question: If white people did not think of blacks as equals, why do you think southern states elected black officials (governors, members of congress, local officials)?

6. Andrew Johnson’s Presidency  http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/andrew-johnson http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/andrew-johnson  Discussion Question: Why do you think Johnson and other nation leaders pushed for expansion of the US if they wanted to heal the nation from the war?  Southern democrat who supported the Union  Put reconstruction back in the hands of the white southerners; clashing with Republicans in Congress  Quickly passed Black Codes  Impeachment process lasted 3 months; acquitted by 1 vote

7. Black Codes  Restricted the lives of the freed people  Forced to work in labor gangs (sunup to sundown)  Arrested & fined unemployed freed men for vagrancy  If unable to pay, auctioned to an employer & forced to work

8. Klu Klux Klan: KKK (circle circle)  http://www.history.com/topics/ku-klux-klan http://www.history.com/topics/ku-klux-klan  Discussion Questions: Why do you think so many southern whites agreed/wanted to be a part of the Klan?  Eventually the Klan was contained by the government. What do you believe caused a revival in its beliefs? Do you think it remained focused only on black people or included others?

9.  Formed in Pulaski, Tennessee  John Lester, Calvin Jones, Richard Reed, James Crowe, Frank McCord, John Kennedy  Well-educated, college graduates (lawyers, editor)former Confederate soldiers  Meet regularly at night for several months, decided to form a society  Dressed up like ghosts of former Confederate soldiers  Active in churches & shared Scottish-Irish heritage: known for belief in ghosts & spirits  Break-ins, shooting, lynching, beatings

10. Bible Belt: consists of southern states who are known for having a conservative point of view & a strong religious perspective.

11. Grant’s Presidency  Seen as war hero & would save the Union  http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/andrew- johnson/videos/president-ulysses-s-grant-the-celebrity http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/andrew- johnson/videos/president-ulysses-s-grant-the-celebrity  Grant and America Divided Grant and America Divided  Discussion Questions:Appearance is everything. Based on Grant’s description, why do you think people were so eager to see him central to emancipation?  What troubles clouded the success of Grant’s presidency?