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This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: del-Ama AJ, Koutsou AD, Moreno JC, de-los-Reyes A, Gil-Agudo A, Pons JL. Review.

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Presentation on theme: "This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: del-Ama AJ, Koutsou AD, Moreno JC, de-los-Reyes A, Gil-Agudo A, Pons JL. Review."— Presentation transcript:

1 This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: del-Ama AJ, Koutsou AD, Moreno JC, de-los-Reyes A, Gil-Agudo A, Pons JL. Review of hybrid exoskeletons to restore gait following spinal cord injury. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2012;49(4):497–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2011.03.0043 Slideshow Project DOI:10.1682/JRRD.2011.03.0043JSP Review of hybrid exoskeletons to restore gait following spinal cord injury Antonio J. del-Ama, Eng MSc; Aikaterini D. Koutsou, Eng MSc; Juan C. Moreno, Eng PhD; Ana de-los-Reyes, Eng MSc; Ángel Gil-Agudo, MD, PhD; José L. Pons, Prof Eng PhD

2 This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: del-Ama AJ, Koutsou AD, Moreno JC, de-los-Reyes A, Gil-Agudo A, Pons JL. Review of hybrid exoskeletons to restore gait following spinal cord injury. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2012;49(4):497–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2011.03.0043 Slideshow Project DOI:10.1682/JRRD.2011.03.0043JSP Aim – Review hybrid lower-limb exoskeletons, related technologies, advances in actuation and control systems, and functional assessment of individuals with spinal cord injury. Relevance – Combination of functional electrical stimulation (FES) technology and exoskeletons brings together technologies, methods, and rehabilitation principles that can overcome drawbacks of each individual approach.

3 This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: del-Ama AJ, Koutsou AD, Moreno JC, de-los-Reyes A, Gil-Agudo A, Pons JL. Review of hybrid exoskeletons to restore gait following spinal cord injury. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2012;49(4):497–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2011.03.0043 Slideshow Project DOI:10.1682/JRRD.2011.03.0043JSP Methods Searched Medline, Science Direct, IEEE Xplore digital library, and Google Scholar databases. – Final database contained 34 articles, which became main information source of this article.

4 This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: del-Ama AJ, Koutsou AD, Moreno JC, de-los-Reyes A, Gil-Agudo A, Pons JL. Review of hybrid exoskeletons to restore gait following spinal cord injury. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2012;49(4):497–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2011.03.0043 Slideshow Project DOI:10.1682/JRRD.2011.03.0043JSP Hybrid Exoskeletons Variable hip constraint mechanism exoskeleton. Left: Controlled-brake orthosis (CBO) exoskeleton. Right: CBO under clinical trial. WalkTrainer.

5 This article and any supplementary material should be cited as follows: del-Ama AJ, Koutsou AD, Moreno JC, de-los-Reyes A, Gil-Agudo A, Pons JL. Review of hybrid exoskeletons to restore gait following spinal cord injury. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2012;49(4):497–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1682/JRRD.2011.03.0043 Slideshow Project DOI:10.1682/JRRD.2011.03.0043JSP Conclusions – Hybrid technologies can produce feasible systems in which exoskeleton provides FES with adequate control of joint movement, reducing system’s energy requirements. – Assist-as-needed control strategies must also be implemented. – Systems should challenge users to walk in real environments. – Clinical evaluation must address gait performance, user-perception, and physiological cost through clinically validated functional scales and protocols.

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