1. Cornerstone: Creating Success through Positive Change 6 th edition Chapter Ten: Understand Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Robert M. Sherfield & Patricia G. Moody, Cornerstone: Creating Success Through Positive Change, 6th Edition, Chapter 10, Slide 1

2. In this chapter 1. You will understand the importance of studying. 2. You will understand how your memory works. 3. You will understand how and when to study. 4. You will understand how to be testwise.

3. Did You Know…  If your brain was fed ten new pieces of information every second for the rest of your life, you would not even fill half of your memory capacity? … so how do we tap into our amazing memories? Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Robert M. Sherfield & Patricia G. Moody, Cornerstone: Creating Success Through Positive Change, 6th Edition, Chapter 10, Slide 2

4. Facts about Memory Everyone remembers and forgets info. Your senses take in info. With little effort you can remember some info. With rehearsal (study) you can remember more Without use, info. is forgotten Filing incoming info. correctly will help retain it Stored info. must have a retrieval method Mnemonics, repetition, association, and rehearsal will help with storage and retrieval Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Robert M. Sherfield & Patricia G. Moody, Cornerstone: Creating Success Through Positive Change, 6th Edition, Chapter 10, Slide 3

5. Sensory Memory  Information gathered from five senses  Huge capacity  Short duration – 1 to 3 seconds  Concentrating on info. in sensory memory will move it to your short-term memory Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Robert M. Sherfield & Patricia G. Moody, Cornerstone: Creating Success Through Positive Change, 6th Edition, Chapter 10, Slide 4

6. Short-term Memory  Also called “working memory”  Holds information for short period of time  Holds limited amount of information  Five to nine separate pieces or facts  Rehearing information in STM will move it to your long-term memory Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Robert M. Sherfield & Patricia G. Moody, Cornerstone: Creating Success Through Positive Change, 6th Edition, Chapter 10, Slide 5

7. Long-Term Memory  Huge capacity:  Info. you have heard or seen often  Info. you use often  Info. you have deemed necessary or important  Like a computer disk with many files  Effort and memory techniques will help you store anything you want to remember Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Robert M. Sherfield & Patricia G. Moody, Cornerstone: Creating Success Through Positive Change, 6th Edition, Chapter 10, Slide 6

8. VCR3 Memory Technique  V – Visualizing  C – Concentrating  R – Relating  R – Repeating  R – Reviewing Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Robert M. Sherfield & Patricia G. Moody, Cornerstone: Creating Success Through Positive Change, 6th Edition, Chapter 10, Slide 7

9. Memorizing v. Knowing  Memorizing something is short-lived  Knowing is making a commitment to owning the information, to making it a part of your life Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Robert M. Sherfield & Patricia G. Moody, Cornerstone: Creating Success Through Positive Change, 6th Edition, Chapter 10, Slide 8

10. Mnemonics  Mnemosyne – Greek Goddess of Memory  Memory techniques or tricks  “bizarreness effect” helps with memory Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Robert M. Sherfield & Patricia G. Moody, Cornerstone: Creating Success Through Positive Change, 6th Edition, Chapter 10, Slide 9

11. Types of Mnemonics  Jingles/rhymes  ABC’s  Sentences  Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally  Words  HOMES Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Robert M. Sherfield & Patricia G. Moody, Cornerstone: Creating Success Through Positive Change, 6th Edition, Chapter 10, Slide 10

12. Types of Mnemonics  Story lines  Weave details into a creative story  Acronyms  SCUBA (self-contained underwater breathing apparatus)  Pegging  Attaching new info. to old pegs Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Robert M. Sherfield & Patricia G. Moody, Cornerstone: Creating Success Through Positive Change, 6th Edition, Chapter 10, Slide 11

13. Avoid Cramming  Study each day to avoid last-minute stress  Study difficult material first.  Form a study group with motivated students  Keep up with daily reading and homework Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Robert M. Sherfield & Patricia G. Moody, Cornerstone: Creating Success Through Positive Change, 6th Edition, Chapter 10, Slide 12

14. Studying in a Crunch Depressurize Know the score Read it quick – H2FLIB Make connections Use your syllabus/study guide See it Check your notes Choose wisely Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Robert M. Sherfield & Patricia G. Moody, Cornerstone: Creating Success Through Positive Change, 6th Edition, Chapter 10, Slide 13

15. ReducingTest Anxiety  Control negative self-talk  Study daily and overlearn the material  Arrive early and prepared for test  Jot down your mnemonics right away  Read instructions and entire test carefully  Answer questions you know first Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Robert M. Sherfield & Patricia G. Moody, Cornerstone: Creating Success Through Positive Change, 6th Edition, Chapter 10, Slide 14

16. Be Testwise!  What types and how many questions?  What chapters/sections will be covered?  Is there a time limit?  Are there any special instructions?  Is there a study sheet?  Is there a review session?  What is the grade value of the test? Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Robert M. Sherfield & Patricia G. Moody, Cornerstone: Creating Success Through Positive Change, 6th Edition, Chapter 10, Slide 15

17. Types of Responses  Quick-time response: you immediately know the answer, so respond  Lag-time response: move on and the answer may come to you later  No response: move on and make an intelligent guess later Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Robert M. Sherfield & Patricia G. Moody, Cornerstone: Creating Success Through Positive Change, 6th Edition, Chapter 10, Slide 16

18. Common Question Types  Matching  True-False  Multiple-Choice  Short Answer  Essay Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Robert M. Sherfield & Patricia G. Moody, Cornerstone: Creating Success Through Positive Change, 6th Edition, Chapter 10, Slide 17

19. Chapter Review How often should you study? What are the purposes of mnemonics? If you have to cram what are some tips? What is the difference between memory and knowing? What are some ways you can prepare for tests? Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Robert M. Sherfield & Patricia G. Moody, Cornerstone: Creating Success Through Positive Change, 6th Edition, Chapter 10, Slide 18