1. FIRST FIVE MINUTES ROLES

2. FIRST FIVE MINUTES BEFORE THE TONES

3. Preparation is a key Improvising is a worthy attribute Preparation leads to Part of firefighting success Should not be the norm Better outcomes on incidents outside the norm First Five Minutes 3

4. BEFORE THE TONES Firefighting involves Are you mentally fit Are you physically fit Constant training & preparation Outside the service/Inside the service The job requires immense physical capabilities First Five Minutes 4

5. BEFORE THE TONES Do you know your equipment Do you check your PPE & SCBA Do you pay attention to Is it maintained to prevent issues At the start of every shift & keep it clean Building construction, exit paths, occupancy and other factor when you are on an EMS call First Five Minutes 5

6. BEFORE THE TONES Company Officer Command Level Chiefs’ Role Are you committed to the concepts of preparation Are you clear about wanting to be informed on firefighters mental and physical readiness Walk the talk 6

7. FIRST FIVE MINUTES STRETCHING THE INITIAL LINE PUTTING WATER ON THE FIRE

8. FIREFIGHTER'S ROLE Maintain Situational Awareness Size-up your Tactical area Evaluate individual exposure Conduct ongoing size-up Pause, look over your area Determine a safe approach First Five Minutes 8

9. FIREFIGHTER'S ROLE Building size-up Monitor fire conditions Possible occupant survival profile Escape options/Monitor change Occupant survival profile Individual risk assessment First Five Minutes 9

10. FIREFIGHTER'S ROLE Know you CO expectations Do Not risk your life for Extend LIMITED risk to Follow orders Un-savable life or property Protect SAVABLE Property First Five Minutes 10

11. FIREFIGHTER'S ROLE When saving a building limit your risk exposure to Be VIGILANT, MEASURE risk to reasonable, cautious and conservative level Protect & Rescue SAVABLE Property First Five Minutes 11

12. FIREFIGHTER'S ROLE Firefighters should manage search and rescue and supporting firefighting operations in a calculated, controlled and safe manner. Remain alert to changing conditions, especially during high-risk primary search and rescue operations where lives can be saved. First Five Minutes 12

13. FIRST FIVE MINUTES POSITION ROLES

14. POSITION ROLE Adequate water supply Water is critical Catch a hydrant Establish water supply ops Establishing this component is a priority First Five Minutes 14

15. POSITION ROLE Getting rapid water on the fire Fire stream selection and hose Stream selection and operation Increases everyone’s safety Part of your initial plan Part of size-up per departments rules First Five Minutes 15

16. POSITION ROLE When directed by the company officer to put water on the fire, Firefighters should initiate fire attack as soon as possible. First Five Minutes 16

17. POSITION ROLE Fire stream placement Interior or Exterior Flow Path Door control/ventilation Directed to the most effective position and location Use it to your advantage Important role in putting water on the fire First Five Minutes 17

18. POSITION ROLE Police the kinks Effective communication Maintain awareness Everybody’s job Stay clear for emergency traffic Of all fireground radio communications First Five Minutes 18

19. POSITION ROLE Speak up as soon as you see issues that could affect safety or the Incident Action Plan. Firefighters must pass on anything they see on the fireground so that the incident commander is getting the information they need. All interior crews must be kept informed of changing fire conditions observed from the exterior by the incident commander or other command officers. First Five Minutes 19

20. FIRST FIVE MINUTES CHIEF’S ROLE IN SUPPORTING THE FIREFIGHTERS

21. CHIEF’S ROLE ON THE EFFECTS OF STREAM SELECTION Establish a training program to GIVE OFFICERS LATITUDE TO MAKE GOOD DECISIONS Educate firefighters Educate line-officers Educate members on current science First Five Minutes 21

22. Analysis of Changing Residential Fire Dynamics and its Implications on Firefighter Operational Timeframes www.fstaresearch.org/resource/?FstarId=11513 www.safetystanddown. First Five Minutes 22 For more information refer to this research

23. FIRST FIVE MINUTES ON SCENE FIREFIGHTER

24. FIREFIGHTER ON SCENE-TAKE ACTION Firefighters are the working arm of the fire service. Their ability to perform tactical functions can mean the difference in a smooth operation and one filled with mistakes that could endanger others. First Five Minutes 24

25. FIREFIGHTER ON SCENE-TAKE ACTION But they are not just a “robot” They are another set of eyes for the company officer and IC Therefore they must understand More than task level firefighting Comprehension of strategy and tactics Allows the firefighter to recognize the relationship between their duties and the “big” picture First Five Minutes 25

26. EN-ROUTE Not wearing seatbelts Speed when En-route Road conditions A factor in firefighter deaths Who has responsibility A factor in firefighter deaths Who has responsibility A factor in firefighter deaths Who has responsibility First Five Minutes 26

27. EN-ROUTE Is radio traffic giving you information that could help? What the battlefield looks like What line to pull What tool to take First Five Minutes 27

28. EN-ROUTE PPE allows current firefighters abilities and access their predecessors did not have. While true, there are limitations to PPE. Do you understand those limitations? How does not wearing full PPE effect your future and that of your family’s? First Five Minutes 28

29. ON LOCATION Apparatus placement Are there water issues Accountability Affects efficiency of the operation Poor water pressure, no tanker taskforce Accountability goes further than a tag First Five Minutes 29

30. ON LOCATION Building construction Do you have escape points Smoke Fire Flow Path How will it effect your task Can they be blocked If so pass along that information What is it telling you Where is it going Understanding the research Effect of wind First Five Minutes 30

31. INSIDE What are the Negative Effects of Tunnel Vision Are there positive ones How will maintaining Situational Awareness influence your ability to perform your work Keeps you from seeing the big picture and potential issues Thoughts Allows you to complete your task while maintaining safety First Five Minutes 31

32. INSIDE You are an extension of your CO and IC What conditions should you look for What might impede the IAP Communicate pertinent information Safety hazards, changing environments Changing conditions or improper tactics First Five Minutes 32

33. INSIDE How important is fireground speed & efficiency Do you understand how to call a MayDay Do you know what to do if you are told to evacuate the building Can Speed become a liability What do you do if one is called Try to have two points of egress from any position First Five Minutes 33

34. FIRST FIVE MINUTES ON SCENE COMPANY OFFICER

35. AS A COMPANY OFFICER, YOU ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR ENSURING THE SAFETY OF YOUR FIREFIGHTERS AS WELL THE EFFICIENT AND EFFECTIVE COMPLETION OF FIREFIGHTING TACTICS. THIS ROLE IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT ON THE FIREGROUND. AS SUCH, YOUR ACTIONS CAN SEVERELY AFFECT AN INCIDENT’S OUTCOME.

36. COMPANY OFFICER EN ROUTE Expeditiously is important Do firefighters understand Do you set a good example Arriving safely is more important You expect both, but will not tolerate unsafe actions By always wearing your seatbelt First Five Minutes 36

37. COMPANY OFFICER EN ROUTE Do you know your district Do you know available water supply Know what resources are responding Take a side trip when returning from an EMS call Hydrant out of service, dry hydrant maintenance Will you be working with mutual aid First Five Minutes 37

38. COMPANY OFFICER ON LOCATION HOW WILL YOU CONDUCT YOUR INITIAL AND ONGOING SIZE-UP Then what is your next step to ensure you completely understand the situation DOES YOUR DEPARTMENT USE – IMMEDIATE ON-SCENE ‘DASHBOARD’ REPORTS 360° appraisal Survival profile Risk assessment First Five Minutes 38

39. COMPANY OFFICER ON LOCATION WILL YOU BE ESTABLISHING, ASSUMING, OR REPORTING TO COMMAND Do you have a procedure for transferring command DO YOU KNOW WHO YOUR SUPERVISOR IS AND THEIR EXPECTATIONS FOR YOUR CREW ON THIS INCIDENT ARE No details lost Announce to all on scene and responding Accountability First Five Minutes 39

40. COMPANY OFFICER ON LOCATION Is your crew ready Proper PPE Able to perform the task With the right tools With the right size hose line With the correct ladder What to do if a MayDay is called If they need to evacuate the building First Five Minutes 40

41. COMPANY OFFICER INSIDE A company officer’s primary responsibility is accountability of their crew. Accountability means keeping track of their location and safety but it also means ensuring the expectations of your supervisor are completed effectively and efficiently in as rapid a manner as the situation allows First Five Minutes 41

42. COMPANY OFFICER INSIDE Do you use thermal imaging Do you have an air management system to aid in accountability How often do you do Par checks How often do you give progress reports Always think about crew integrity What factors can harm you crew  Current or future Do conditions match you initial size-up Radio traffic can give hints on progress Are tactical concerns being met  Primary search or hose placement First Five Minutes 42

43. COMPANY OFFICER INSIDE In the event of an emergency, where is the nearest exit for your crew? Are ladders or other necessary resources available to a rapid egress of the area? If actions to escape a dangerous situation are not possible, a Mayday needs to be declared as early as possible. First Five Minutes 43

44. FIRST FIVE MINUTES ON SCENE INCIDENT COMMANDER

45. ON SCENE INCIDENT COMMANDER TAKE ACTION The incident commander (IC) is responsible for ensuring the strategic goals of an incident are completed in a safe, effective and efficient manner. Because this involves looking at “the big picture” and accounting for all aspects of the emergency. First Five Minutes 45

46. ON SCENE INCIDENT COMMANDER EN ROUTE RESOURCES What resources are responding Are resources adequate for the situation Are mutual aid resources trained to work seamlessly with in your operation Should resources Stage THE “BATTLEGROUND” What issues is the “battleground going to present Can you picture the building  Is it an abnormally hazardous location  What is the occupancy  Water supply  Access issues What will affect operations First Five Minutes 46

47. ON SCENE INCIDENT COMMANDER EN ROUTE RADIO TRAFFIC What does the on scene radio traffic tell you  Sound out of the ordinary  Does the voice of the normally calm officer give reason for concern Are you getting the information you need Does the radio traffic give a good description of the battleground UNUSUAL FACTORS Weather  Wind  Cold  Heat Hazardous materials Terrorism Arson First Five Minutes 47

48. ON SCENE INCIDENT COMMANDER SIZE-UP Does initial size-up Do initial units Have survival profile and risk management changed since the first units arrived Match what you thought the situation would be Completely understand the situation Do tactics need to be adjusted First Five Minutes 48

49. ON SCENE INCIDENT COMMANDER SIZE-UP What is the smoke telling you Where is the fire going Are exposures a concern Has the fire grown since initial size-up Time to stabilize the incident Are mechanisms in place to control the incident What indicators inside should be of concern Flow path. Wind, Timer started First Five Minutes 49

50. ON SCENE INCIDENT COMMANDER COMMAND ARE YOU ESTABLISHING COMMAND  Assuming Command  Allow unity of Command  Manageable span of control  Accountability in place  Safety Officer COMMAND POST LOCATION  Does it interfere with operations  Does your crew know the location  Will outside influences affect your ability to perform First Five Minutes 50

51. ON SCENE INCIDENT COMMANDER COMMAND Will there be an extended Incident Action Plan? Is it flexible enough to allow for easy change should the initial plan be ineffective? Will there be a need for unusual documentation of the event? Do higher-level supervisors need to be notified of this event? Will you need to set up a media location? First Five Minutes 51

52. ON SCENE INCIDENT COMMANDER OTHER CONSIDERATIONS OUTSIDE RESOURCES Utility companies Red Cross Law Enforcement Specialty Teams CONSIDERATIONS Egress points Ladders in place RIT Are “can” (benchmark) reports adequate First Five Minutes 52

53. AFTER THE INCIDENT ALL POSITIONS

54. AFTER THE INCIDENT TAKE ACTION  Our first priority after an incident must be to prepare for the next one.  This involves making sure you, your crew and your equipment are healthy and ready for the next response.  This document points out ways a firefighter, a company officer, an incident command-level officer and a fire chief can ensure success for the next response. First Five Minutes 54

55. AFTER THE INCIDENT FOR THE FIREFIGHTER Did you shower Hydrate / Refuel Check condition of PPE / Wash it Check equipment Were there issues Did your equipment work effectively Where you trained to do the tasks Where there areas you felt you could have know more about Did your supervisor perform in a manner that you didn’t understand First Five Minutes 55

56. AFTER THE INCIDENT COMPANY OFFICER ROLE Do you understand that the firefighter list is applicable to you Do you empower your firefighters to accomplish objectives at the incident How did your company perform As a crew As an individual Did your crew meet or exceed your expectations Excellent performance Need training Do you allow for the team to give constructive feedback Is your crew physically and mentally fit for further duty First Five Minutes 56

57. AFTER THE INCIDENT FOR INCIDENT COMMAND-LEVEL OFFICERS Were all of your firefighters returned to service and able to respond to the next incident Were there equipment issues that need your attention Were the strategic goals of the incident met? Did your crew meet or exceed your expectations Did department’s SOGs help or hinder operations Is there information that needs to be passed along to your supervisors First Five Minutes 57

58. AFTER THE INCIDENT THE CHIEF’S ROLE IN SUPPORTING FIREFIGHTER Do your mid-level supervisors know that you want to be kept informed of large or serious incidents Do you dismiss their attempts to do so Is your department one that promotes a high level of performance while enforcing a strong safety culture? Do you empower everyone from your firefighters to your leadership to ensure this mantra is maintained Can you use this incident to promote fire safety, better equipment, more staffing or other departments needs with your political entities? Do your firefighters and leadership have everything they need to be safe and successful on the next incident? First Five Minutes 58

59. AFTER THE INCIDENT THE CHIEF’S ROLE IN SUPPORTING FIREFIGHTER Do you need to make changes to your training, SOPs, interagency agreements, goal or strategic plans? First Five Minutes 59