1. Welcome to CJ 325 Psychology for Law Enforcement Unit 4 Seminar

2. Welcome Just a reminder, your midterm essays and midterm project are both due at the end of unit 5! By now you should have looked over the requirements for both of these assignments, started to review scholarly literature, and begin writing them.

3. Seminar 4 Are there any questions regarding current unit (4) or the Chapter for this unit (Chapter 13) as well as the articles assigned?

4. Seminar Topic There are many problems that can arise during a hostage situation. Whether they involve fatigue of the tactical unit, traffic, or media interference, they can detrimentally affect the negotiation process and ultimately the conclusion of the incident. In this seminar, be prepared to discuss how such factors as the setting and time of day in which an incident takes place, as well as the particular chief of police or superior officer involved, can affect the negotiation process.

5. Hostage Negotiations What are they? – Types of situations Myths about hostage/crisis negotiations

6. What are some of the factors that could arise during a hostage/crisis situation?  Time of day  Type of community  Logistics of the site  Influence of media  Positive  Negative  Time of season

7. What are some of the factors that could arise during a hostage/crisis situation?  Type of incident  Events going on in city  Accessibility of resources  Availability of desired negotiator  Stockholm Syndrome  Language barrier (foreign speaking taker)  Suicide by Cop

8. Negotiations How can the supervisor or Chief effect the negotiation process? Good cop, bad cop ‘The boss is coming, hold on, I cannot decide this alone’ The ‘Voice of Authority’: the boss says we can/can’t do this, but you gotta know I tried for you.  Remember: Hostage/Crisis negotiations is a team game- we cannot do it alone!

9. Active Listening Skills 1. Emotional-Labeling 2. Paraphrasing 3. Reflecting/Mirroring 4. “Effective” pauses (silence) 5. Minimal encouragers 6. “I” messages 7. Open-Ended Questions – Remind me to post an article about Active Reflecting Listening!

10. Additional Resources Here is a link to an article by Dr. Miller on the psychological aspect of hostage negotiations: http://www.policeone.com/standoff/articles/1247470- Hostage-negotiations-Psychological-strategies-for- resolving-crises/ http://www.policeone.com/standoff/articles/1247470- Hostage-negotiations-Psychological-strategies-for- resolving-crises/ This next link is to another article on hostage negotiations but is from a law enforcement perspective. Enjoy the read! http://www.lectlaw.com/files/cjs10.htm

11. Any last questions or concerns regarding the seminar, unit, or class?

12. End of Seminar Remember as always please email me at GWolford@Kaplan.edu with any questions or concerns. GWolford@Kaplan.edu