1. BOOKER T. WASHINGTON ——AN AFRICAN-AMERICAN EDUCATOR, AUTHOR, ORATOR, AND ADVISOR TO PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES.

2. OVERVIEW Early life Tuskegee Institute Marriages and children Politics and the Atlanta compromise Death & Honors

3. EARLY LIFE Washington was born In 1856, unknown specific date and month Washington was born into slavery in Virginia as the son of Jane, an African- American slave. Washington’s Father give up him Washington was a slave until 9 years old Jane took her family to West Virginia, Washington start receive education Study in Hampton Institute

4. TUSKEGEE INSTITUTE In 1881, the Hampton Institute president Samuel C. Armstrong advice Washington to become the first leader of Tuskegee Institute, the new normal school (teachers' college) in Alabama. Late in his career, Washington was criticized by leaders of the NAACP, a civil rights organization formed in 1909. Washington's work on education problems helped him enlist both the moral and substantial financial support of many major white philanthropists

5. MARRIAGES AND CHILDREN Washington was married three times. His first wife Fannie N. Smith was from Malden, West Virginia, the same Kanawha River Valley town where Washington had lived from age nine to sixteen Washington next wed Olivia A. Davidson in 1885. In 1893 Washington married Margaret James Murray.

6. POLITICS AND THE ATLANTA COMPROMISE Washington's 1895 Atlanta Exposition address was viewed as a "revolutionary moment" by both African Americans and whites across the country. At the time W. E. B. Du Bois supported him, but they grew apart as Du Bois sought more action to remedy disfranchisement and improve educational opportunities for blacks. After their falling out, Du Bois and his supporters referred to Washington's speech as the "Atlanta Compromise" to express their criticism that Washington was too accommodating to white interests. Washington giving a speech at Carnegie Hall in New York City, 1909 Different view of Washington and W. E. B. Du Bois

7. DEATH& HONORS Despite his travels and widespread work, Washington remained as principal of Tuskegee. Washington's health was deteriorating rapidly in 1915; he collapsed in New York City and was brought home to Tuskegee, where he died on November 14, 1915, at the age of 59. He was buried on the campus of Tuskegee University near the University Chapel. Washington was granted an honorary master's degree from Harvard University in 1896 and an honorary doctorate from Dartmouth College in 1901. In 1942, the liberty ship Booker T. Washington was named in his honor, the first major oceangoing vessel to be named after an African American. The ship was christened by Marian Anderson.

8. DEATH& HONORS On April 5, 1956, the hundredth anniversary of Washington's birth, the house where he was born in Franklin County, Virginia, was designated as the Booker T. Washington National Monument. In 1984 Hampton University dedicated a Booker T. Washington Memorial on campus near the historic Emancipation Oak, establishing, in the words of the University, "a relationship between one of America's great educators and social activists, and the symbol of Black achievement in education." In 2000, West Virginia State University (WVSU; then West Va. State College), in cooperation with other organizations including the Booker T. Washington Association, established the Booker T. Washington Institute, to honor Washington's boyhood home, the old town of Malden, and the ideals Booker Washington stood for.

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