1. No Bell Ringer 1.Review vocabulary for quiz. Ch. 10, 11, 12 Test TOMORROW

2. Clear your desk for quick vocabulary quiz.

3. The Fossil Record and Early Cell Life Jewitt / Biology March 19, 2014

4. More than 99% of all species that have ever lived on Earth have become extinct. 1.Fossils occur in a particular order 2.Most organisms that ever lived on Earth are now extinct 3.Modern organisms have unicellular ancestors

5. So how do we tell how old fossils are? Radiometric Dating

6. Isotopes Atoms of an element that differ in their number of neutrons.

7. Half-life The length of time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay.

8. If you are going to “date” a sample, of rock that you think may be very old, use a radioactive isotope with a long half- life.

9. What could be a cheaper way of determining the age of fossils?

10. Index Fossil DEFINITION: Fossil of an organism that existed during only specific spans of geologic time across large geographic eras CHARACTERISTICS: Must have existed for a short period over a wide geographic range.

12. Geologic Time Scale Divides Earth’s history based on major past events.

14. 1. Era: Cenozoic Era DESCRIPTION: Most recent era.

15. The Origins of Life

16. Organic Molecule Hypothesis 4 billion years ago, NO oceans existed on Earth. The Earth was very hot, so NO LIQUID WATER existed.

17. Miller-Urey Experiment Showed that simple organic molecules could be made from inorganic compounds. Simulated lightning.

18. Miller-Urey Experiment

19. The oldest known cells (3.5 billion years ago) were prokaryotic cells.

20. Cyanobacteria Bacteria that can carry out photosynthesis (photosynthetic autotrophs). Changed Earth by: 1.Added OXYGEN to the atmosphere 2.Added minerals

22. Endosymbiosis A relationship in which one organism lives within another, and both benefit from the relationship.

23. Endosymbiosis 1.Early mitochondria and chloroplasts were simple prokaryotic cells. 2.Taken/Engulfed by larger prokaryotes. 3.Instead of being digested, continued to function (eventually becoming eukaryotic). Steps of

25. Final Note: Evolution of sexual reproduction increased diversity.

26. Study Guide

27. Review 1.What’s the name of Darwin’s book? 2.If a farmer selectively breeds his livestock, what is this called? 3.What term describes the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in their environment? 4.What does survival of the fittest mean? Example? 5.What are the pelvis and femur in whales called? 6.The presence of homologous or similarly appear structures are evidence of what? 7.What’s a population? 8.What are the two main sources of genetic variation? 9.What are the three types of reproductive isolation?

28. Review 10.To be useful as an index fossil, a species must have existed for a ________ long period over a ________ geographic range. 11.When dating a fossil, you want to use radioactive isotope with a ________ half-life. 12.Why were there no oceans on Earth 4 b.y.a? 13.What did Miller and Urey’s experiments demonstrate? 14.What was cyanobacteria’s contribution to early Earth’s atmosphere? 15.The evolution of sexual reproduction resulted in more or less diversity?

29. STUDY: 1.Notes 2.Scientists Darwin Lamarck Malthus Needham Hutton 3.Vocabulary

30. Independent Practice 1.Complete puzzler 2.Ch. 10, 11, 12 vocabulary defined (DUE TODAY) 3.Ch. 10, 11, 12 vocabulary worksheet (DUE TODAY)